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Chemistry --- hernieuwbare energie --- CO2 (koolstofdioxyde)

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Steeds meer verschillende initiatieven trachten een antwoord te bieden op de organisatie van de nieuwe energiemarkt. Een opvallend fenomeen betreft de groei van coöperatieve organisatievorm binnen de hernieuwbare energiemarkt. Hoewel het aantal coöperatieve organisatievormen binnen deze hernieuwbare energiemarkt stijgt, begrijpen we tot op heden niet waarom deze organisaties kiezen voor de coöperatieve organisatievorm. Deze scriptie probeert hier een antwoord op te formulieren vanuit de institutionele theorie. Hieruit worden een aantal drijfveren geïdentificeerd die een invloed hebben op de organisatiekeuze : Allereerst wordt de invloed van de institutionele druk besproken, vervolgens de nabootsing of mimicry, ideologische drijfveren, de economische druk en de timing. Deze elementen worden bij 10 Vlaamse coöperatieve organisatievormen onderzocht aan de hand van een kwantitatief onderzoek. Daaruit is gebleken dat bepaalde elementen als zeer invloedrijk worden ervaren en andere elementen helemaal niet bepalend waren voor de keuze van de coöperatieve organisatievorm. Daarnaast wordt de organisatiestructuur en werking van de tien respondenten in beeld gebracht. Dit behoort tot het kwalitatief onderzoek waarbij de missie, personeelsstructuur en kapitaal- en middelenverwerving alsook de waardenketen besproken worden. Dit gaf aan dat de respondenten op een zeer uiteenlopende wijze georganiseerd kunnen zijn.

Coöperatie. --- Energiemarkt. --- Hernieuwbare energie. --- Institutionalisme. --- Vlaanderen.

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Dwindling petroleum supplies and growing environmental concerns are significantly impacting the cost of petro-fuel and its infrastructure. The search for alternative fuel sources has led to ethanol, a gasoline substitute that is already in the marketplace as Gasohol and E-85. But large-scale production of corn-based ethanol is controversial as it threatens the world's food supply. There are alternatives, however: Brazil uses sugar cane, which is up to six times more productive in energy conversion.

After the energy crisis of the 1970s, there was a lot of misinformation about the cost of individual ethanol production. In order to achieve energy independence from gasoline, ethanol lends itself to small-scale production, and especially to cooperative ventures in rural communities, often using 'waste' feedstock.

*Alcohol Fuel* is a practical, grass-roots book that will give readers all the information they need, covering every aspect of making and using ethanol for fuel, including:

- Permitting and planning
- Budgeting and setup
- Sourcing feedstocks
- Finding and building distillation equipment
- Storage and safety
- Practical applications for converting motor vehicles, farm equipment and space heating systems

The practical, user-friendly information on basic equipment needs, fermentation recipes and distillation designs will be of interest to readers looking for information as well as those ready to make the switch.


Fuels --- ethanol --- destillatie --- motorbrandstoffen --- hernieuwbare energie

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· Explains operation and scientific fundamentals of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers · Outlines practical issues in industrial use · Teaches how to optimize design for maximum reliability and efficiency · Discusses operating and maintenance issues and how to troubleshoot them This book provides practicing engineers and students with insight into the design and operation of circulating fluidized bed boilers through a combination of theoretical concepts and practical instruction. Numerous examples from actual operating plants illustrate key concepts in combustion, hydrodynamics, heat transfer, and materials. The relevance of feed-stock parameters to the operation of CFB boilers is examined, including impacts on the design of mechanical components, such as cyclones, air distributor grids, and solid recycle systems. This versatile resource explains how CFB boilers work, and how the basic principles of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics influence design, while providing advice on planning new projects, troubleshooting existing equipment, and appreciating the capabilities and limitations of the process. From hydrodynamics to construction and maintenance, the author covers all the essential information needed to understand, design, operate, and maintain a complete fluidized bed system. Understanding how to leverage this technology is a must for clean coal operations as well as for biomass power generation.

Relation between energy and economics --- hernieuwbare energie

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Parabolic Trough Solar Collectors: Thermal and Hydraulic Enhancement Using Passive Techniques and Nanofluids systematically and methodically examines all aspects of the essential and basic elements of parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC) design and performance enhancement techniques. The book provides thorough optical, thermal, and exergetic analyses along with a review of experimental and numerical studies performed on thermal augmentation methods, which includes the use of conventional fluids and advanced fluids such as nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids in PTSC. Moreover, the use of passive techniques, turbulators, and surface modifications with different shapes and configurations associated with PTSC is presented. The PTSC's thermal efficiency augmentation estimation with the utilization of different fluids (i.e. conventional or advanced fluids) is summarized and analyzed in each case study, and the ongoing patterns in hybrid nanofluid utilization are provided. Given the interdisciplinary nature of renewable energy systems design, this comprehensive reference will be an invaluable resource for engineering and industrial professionals involved in energy engineering design, power plant design, and solar energy systems design. Presents all state-of-the-art aspects of PTSC design and implementation; Hands-on reference for anyone involved in renewable energy systems design; Includes case studies.

Relation between energy and economics --- hernieuwbare energie