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Composites have increasingly been used in various structural components in the aerospace, marine, automotive, and wind energy sectors. The material characterization of composites is a vital part of the product development and production process. Physical, mechanical, and chemical characterization helps developers to further their understanding of products and materials, thus ensuring quality control. Achieving an in-depth understanding and consequent improvement of the general performance of these materials, however, still requires complex material modeling and simulation tools, which are often multiscale and encompass multiphysics. This Special Issue aims to solicit papers concerning promising, recent developments in composite modeling, simulation, and characterization, in both design and manufacturing areas, including experimental as well as industrial-scale case studies. All submitted manuscripts will undergo a rigorous review process and will only be considered for publication if they meet journal standards. Selected top articles may have their processing charges waived at the recommendation of reviewers and the Guest Editor.

structural dynamics --- composite plastics --- stiffness --- damping --- fiber orientation --- ODF --- viscoelasticity --- geopolymer concrete --- fly-ash --- bottom-ash --- freeze-thaw --- leachability --- non-destructive test --- TCLP --- RFT --- fiber matrix interface --- finite element analysis --- characterization --- composite --- measurements --- testing --- structural monitoring --- flax-epoxy composite --- interlaminar fracture energy --- fracture toughness --- delamination --- Mode I --- Mode II and Mixed-mode I–II interlaminar fracture --- critical energy release rate --- machine learning --- mould filling simulations --- composite materials --- liquid moulding --- lattice cell structures --- InsideBCC --- equivalent solid properties --- three-dimensional printing --- nacre --- hexagonal tablets --- analytical model --- finite element simulations --- Abaqus --- fused filament fabrication --- PLA --- bamboo --- mechanical strength --- damage detection --- laminated composite plates --- modal analysis --- curvature mode shape --- strain energy --- n/a --- Mode II and Mixed-mode I-II interlaminar fracture

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The articles featured in this Special Issue cover different aspects of the design, testing, and application of various types of supplementary cementitious materials in concrete. The results of the research, conducted by over 50 international universities and scientific centers, prove the great interest in the SCM topic.

crystalline admixture --- chemical exposure --- sulphuric acid attack --- durability --- Xypex --- fly ash --- substitution strategy --- structural concrete --- steel reinforcement --- limit states --- RC beams in bending --- carbon footprint --- concrete --- carbonation modeling --- calcareous fly ash --- biomass --- wood ash --- fibrocement --- strength --- mortar --- clean coal combustion --- fluidized bed fly ash --- microstructure --- phase composition --- portlandite --- unburned carbon --- slag --- soil stabilization --- embankment --- cement --- lime --- high temperature --- damage --- permeability --- CEMI and CEMIII --- mechanical properties --- alkali-activated concrete --- geopolymer concrete --- flexure --- beams --- fiber-reinforced concrete --- crack spacing --- tension stiffening --- bamboo ash --- supplementary materials --- elevated temperature --- high volume fly ash (HVFA) --- steel reinforcing fiber --- jacketing --- environmental impact --- fibre reinforced --- alkali-activated --- strain hardening --- recycled cementitious supplementary material --- comprehensive concrete recycling --- recycled fine fraction --- rehydration reactivity --- compressive strength --- ground granulated blast furnace slag --- apparent activation energy --- equivalent age --- construction debris --- recycling --- circular economy --- eco-friendly concretes --- fly ash (FA) --- silica fume (SF) --- palm oil fuel ash (POFA) --- rice husk ash (RHA) --- sewage sludge ash (SSA) and sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA) --- mine tailings --- marble dust --- construction and demolition debris (CDD) --- porous feldspar --- activation --- substitute material --- energy saving concrete --- calcined clay --- binder --- supplementary cementitious materials --- cement-based materials --- steatite --- wood particles --- Portland cement --- fire performance --- tensile strength --- micro-silica/silica fume --- steel fiber --- high performance concrete (HPC) --- self-consolidating concrete (SCC) --- flowability --- freeze-thaw cycle --- fire resistance --- bentonite --- clays --- cryogenic condition --- GGBS --- thermal conductivity --- semi-adiabatic test --- n/a --- Technology.

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The aim of this reprint is to highlight the progress and fundamental aspects for the synthesis, characterization, properties, and application of novel polymeric materials, as well as their copolymers, composites, and nanocomposites.

Plastics & polymers technology --- poly(lactic acid) --- epoxidized natural rubber --- polymer blend --- natural additives --- antioxidant --- polymer blending --- radiation crosslinking --- polyethylene --- polyurethane --- heat resistance --- mechanical property --- aramid fiber --- ballistic test --- failure mechanism --- cyclotriphosphazane --- flame retardancy --- dielectric properties --- azo compound --- liquid crystal --- structure–property relationship --- axial behavior --- geopolymer concrete (GC) --- ferrocement --- finite element analysis (FEA) --- polyacrylonitrile --- lignin --- electrospinning --- selective chemical dissolution --- porous nanofibers --- nanofibers --- soft template --- peat soil --- cement --- stabilization --- fly ash --- polypropylene fiber --- unconfined compressive strength (UCS) --- California bearing ratio (CBR) --- scanning electron microscopy (SEM) --- bio-based polyurethanes --- jatropha oil --- algae oil --- recovered palm oil --- epoxy composite --- green composite --- corn cob --- polycarbonates --- transesterification --- polycondensation --- polymer --- hydrogen --- hydrophobic --- sensing --- nanostructures --- palladium --- polymer composite --- fibre-prestressing --- residual stresses --- PCL–SBA-15 nanocomposites --- real-time variable-temperature synchrotron measurements --- confinement --- mechanical behavior --- nanoclay --- nanocomposites --- mechanical properties --- impact properties --- hardness --- polymer composites --- graphene quantum dots --- bioactive --- biomedical --- synthesis --- PVK --- hexylthiophene --- PANI --- nanocomposite --- photovoltaic cells --- DFT --- polyhydroxyalkanoates --- fibers --- biodegradability --- packaging --- patents --- poly(aminopropyl/phenyl)silsesquioxane --- thiol-ene --- kinetics --- activation energy --- polymer characterization --- viscoelasticity --- DMA --- solution blow spinning --- polyethylene oxide --- morphology --- materials characterization --- polymer dissolution --- kaolin flocculation --- aggregate resistance --- salinity --- flocculation kinetic --- shear rate --- thermoplastic starch --- silane --- foam --- carbon dioxide --- microcapsules --- dip coating --- encapsulation --- spectroscopy --- microscopy --- antibacterial silver --- polyaniline --- dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid --- γ-Al2O3 --- in situ polymerization --- core–shell nanocomposite --- polyphosphazene --- micro-nanospheres --- species-absorbing mechanisms --- hydrophobicity --- thermochemical --- PVDF --- alkali-grafting --- α-methyl styrene --- acrylonitrile --- proton exchange membrane --- block copolymers --- random copolymers --- catalytic membranes --- esterification --- isopropyl acetate --- bioinspired bottlebrush polymers --- aqueous boundary lubrication --- friction --- wear resistance --- supramolecular hydrogel --- acrylic acid --- maleic anhydride --- terpyridine --- coordination interaction --- thermoplastic polyurethanes --- surface free energy --- dithiol --- differential scanning calorimetry --- optical properties --- arsine --- ligands --- polypropylene --- catalyst --- degradation --- sol-gel process --- 3D network hybrid materials --- nanoparticles --- nanodispersity --- ionic liquids --- n/a --- structure-property relationship --- PCL-SBA-15 nanocomposites --- core-shell nanocomposite

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This book was proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of testing of materials and elements in civil engineering. For this reason, the articles highlighted in this editorial relate to different aspects of testing of different materials and elements in civil engineering, from building materials to building structures. The current trend in the development of testing of materials and elements in civil engineering is mainly concerned with the detection of flaws and defects in concrete elements and structures, and acoustic methods predominate in this field. As in medicine, the trend is towards designing test equipment that allows one to obtain a picture of the inside of the tested element and materials. Interesting results with significance for building practices were obtained.

Technology. --- rock bolt --- grouting quality --- dynamic response --- natural frequency --- finite element method --- monitoring --- historical masonry wall --- hygrothermal processes --- internal insulation --- testing of building materials --- test uncertainty --- validation of test methods --- sustainable test methods --- recycling --- foamed asphalt mixtures with cement (FAC) --- base layer --- reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) --- fatigue durability --- GFRP --- FRP reinforcement --- shear --- capacity --- reinforced concrete beams --- column --- stiffness --- FRCM --- PBO mesh --- PBO–FRCM --- carpentry joints --- scarf and splice joints --- stop-splayed scarf joints (‘bolt of lightning’) --- static behaviour --- experimental research --- concrete --- non-destructive testing --- ultrasounds --- ultrasonic tomography --- acoustic methods --- defects --- diagnostic --- detection --- convolutional neural networks --- transfer learning --- monitoring FBG --- power transmission tower --- civil engineering --- X-ray microtomography --- microstructure characteristics --- infiltration damage --- high-strength concrete --- steel fibres --- flexural tensile strength --- fracture energy --- numerical analysis --- concrete floors --- compressive strength --- strength distribution --- industrial floors --- ultrasound tests --- ventilated facades --- large-scale facade model --- fire safety --- fiber cement board --- large-slab ceramic tile --- plasterboards --- moisture content --- hydration processes --- mechanical properties --- ultrasound measurements --- ESD resin --- expansion joint --- quasi-plastic material --- energy absorption --- asphalt mix --- compaction index --- volumetric parameters --- stiffness modulus --- moisture resistance --- roughness --- texture --- close-range photogrammetry --- bond strength --- random field generation --- semivariograms --- hybrid truss bridge --- steel–concrete connection joint --- mechanical behavior --- failure mode --- strain --- static test --- static elastic modulus --- dynamic elastic modulus --- machine learning --- P-wave --- S-wave --- resonance frequency test --- nondestructive method --- Al–Ti laminate --- fracture --- acoustic emission diagnostic --- pattern recognition --- clustering AE signal --- storage systems --- tab connector --- flexural test --- capable design moment --- restrained ring test --- autogenous shrinkage cracking --- concrete cracking test --- concrete shrinkage cracking test --- restrined ring calibration --- cement–fiber boards --- acoustic emission method --- k-means algorithm --- wavelet analysis --- fiber composites --- ground penetrating radar (GPR) --- HMA dielectric constant --- road pavement thickness estimation --- early age concrete --- damage processes detection before loading --- strength of structures --- aggregate --- classification --- wire mesh --- roundness --- tilting angle --- opening size --- concrete centrifugation --- morphology --- image processing --- porosity --- cement --- waste paper sludge ash (WPSA) --- controlled low-strength material (CLSM) --- unconfined compressive strength --- bearing capacity --- backfill material --- P-wave velocity --- amplitude attenuation --- resistivity --- CT scan --- sandstone --- damage variable --- nuclear magnetic resonance --- spin-lattice relaxometry --- proton --- hydration kinetics --- superplasticizer --- ready-mixed concrete --- construction material --- quality assessment --- conformity criteria --- statistical-fuzzy method --- FRTP --- rivet --- connection --- polyethylene pipe --- mechanical properties of polyethylene --- resistance strain --- computer simulation --- residual shear stress --- particle crushing --- ring shear test --- particle flow code (PFC2D) --- frictional work --- fibre-reinforced concrete --- recycled steel fibres --- micro-computed tomography --- scanning electron microscopy --- tensile strength --- reinforced concrete --- diagnostic testing --- corrosion --- carbonation --- galvanostatic pulse method --- phase composition analysis --- X-ray analysis --- thermal analysis --- quasi-brittle cement composites --- low-module polypropylene fibres --- elastic range --- digital image correlation --- Arcan shear test --- wood --- orthotropic shear modulus --- elastic-plastic material --- shear wave velocity --- sand --- bender elements test --- grain-size characteristics --- complex modulus --- shrinkage analysis --- reclaimed asphalt --- mineral–cement emulsion mixtures --- cement dusty by-products (UCPPs) --- degradation of glass panels --- effective area ratio --- relative mass loss --- visible light transmittance --- windblown sand --- wood-plastic composites --- methods of testing resistance to fungi --- methods of assessment --- ground-penetrating radar (GPR) --- non-destructive techniques (NDT) --- corrosion of reinforcement --- slip resistance --- granite floor --- slip resistance value --- ramp test --- acceptance angle --- sliding friction coefficient --- comparability of test methods --- wall temperature --- fibre bragg grating sensors --- freeze-thaw cycles --- signal analysis --- short-time Fourier transform --- fast Fourier transform --- brine --- sodium chloride --- X-ray --- partition walls --- brick walls --- bending strength --- cracking --- post-tension --- cable --- girder --- destructive test --- non-destructive test --- structural health monitoring --- safety --- monitoring fibre Bragg grating --- mining areas --- strain/stress distribution --- geopolymer concrete --- fly-ash --- bottom-ash --- neural network --- sustainability --- industrial waste management --- flexural strength --- cladding --- AE acoustic emission --- micro-events --- sound spectrum --- traditional and quasi-brittle cement composites --- residual-state creep --- saturation front --- landslides --- erosional stability --- laboratory testing --- grout mixtures --- groundwater --- test apparatus --- testing --- building materials --- elements

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• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book was proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of testing of materials and elements in civil engineering. For this reason, the articles highlighted in this editorial relate to different aspects of testing of different materials and elements in civil engineering, from building materials to building structures. The current trend in the development of testing of materials and elements in civil engineering is mainly concerned with the detection of flaws and defects in concrete elements and structures, and acoustic methods predominate in this field. As in medicine, the trend is towards designing test equipment that allows one to obtain a picture of the inside of the tested element and materials. Interesting results with significance for building practices were obtained.

Technology. --- rock bolt --- grouting quality --- dynamic response --- natural frequency --- finite element method --- monitoring --- historical masonry wall --- hygrothermal processes --- internal insulation --- testing of building materials --- test uncertainty --- validation of test methods --- sustainable test methods --- recycling --- foamed asphalt mixtures with cement (FAC) --- base layer --- reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) --- fatigue durability --- GFRP --- FRP reinforcement --- shear --- capacity --- reinforced concrete beams --- column --- stiffness --- FRCM --- PBO mesh --- PBO–FRCM --- carpentry joints --- scarf and splice joints --- stop-splayed scarf joints (‘bolt of lightning’) --- static behaviour --- experimental research --- concrete --- non-destructive testing --- ultrasounds --- ultrasonic tomography --- acoustic methods --- defects --- diagnostic --- detection --- convolutional neural networks --- transfer learning --- monitoring FBG --- power transmission tower --- civil engineering --- X-ray microtomography --- microstructure characteristics --- infiltration damage --- high-strength concrete --- steel fibres --- flexural tensile strength --- fracture energy --- numerical analysis --- concrete floors --- compressive strength --- strength distribution --- industrial floors --- ultrasound tests --- ventilated facades --- large-scale facade model --- fire safety --- fiber cement board --- large-slab ceramic tile --- plasterboards --- moisture content --- hydration processes --- mechanical properties --- ultrasound measurements --- ESD resin --- expansion joint --- quasi-plastic material --- energy absorption --- asphalt mix --- compaction index --- volumetric parameters --- stiffness modulus --- moisture resistance --- roughness --- texture --- close-range photogrammetry --- bond strength --- random field generation --- semivariograms --- hybrid truss bridge --- steel–concrete connection joint --- mechanical behavior --- failure mode --- strain --- static test --- static elastic modulus --- dynamic elastic modulus --- machine learning --- P-wave --- S-wave --- resonance frequency test --- nondestructive method --- Al–Ti laminate --- fracture --- acoustic emission diagnostic --- pattern recognition --- clustering AE signal --- storage systems --- tab connector --- flexural test --- capable design moment --- restrained ring test --- autogenous shrinkage cracking --- concrete cracking test --- concrete shrinkage cracking test --- restrined ring calibration --- cement–fiber boards --- acoustic emission method --- k-means algorithm --- wavelet analysis --- fiber composites --- ground penetrating radar (GPR) --- HMA dielectric constant --- road pavement thickness estimation --- early age concrete --- damage processes detection before loading --- strength of structures --- aggregate --- classification --- wire mesh --- roundness --- tilting angle --- opening size --- concrete centrifugation --- morphology --- image processing --- porosity --- cement --- waste paper sludge ash (WPSA) --- controlled low-strength material (CLSM) --- unconfined compressive strength --- bearing capacity --- backfill material --- P-wave velocity --- amplitude attenuation --- resistivity --- CT scan --- sandstone --- damage variable --- nuclear magnetic resonance --- spin-lattice relaxometry --- proton --- hydration kinetics --- superplasticizer --- ready-mixed concrete --- construction material --- quality assessment --- conformity criteria --- statistical-fuzzy method --- FRTP --- rivet --- connection --- polyethylene pipe --- mechanical properties of polyethylene --- resistance strain --- computer simulation --- residual shear stress --- particle crushing --- ring shear test --- particle flow code (PFC2D) --- frictional work --- fibre-reinforced concrete --- recycled steel fibres --- micro-computed tomography --- scanning electron microscopy --- tensile strength --- reinforced concrete --- diagnostic testing --- corrosion --- carbonation --- galvanostatic pulse method --- phase composition analysis --- X-ray analysis --- thermal analysis --- quasi-brittle cement composites --- low-module polypropylene fibres --- elastic range --- digital image correlation --- Arcan shear test --- wood --- orthotropic shear modulus --- elastic-plastic material --- shear wave velocity --- sand --- bender elements test --- grain-size characteristics --- complex modulus --- shrinkage analysis --- reclaimed asphalt --- mineral–cement emulsion mixtures --- cement dusty by-products (UCPPs) --- degradation of glass panels --- effective area ratio --- relative mass loss --- visible light transmittance --- windblown sand --- wood-plastic composites --- methods of testing resistance to fungi --- methods of assessment --- ground-penetrating radar (GPR) --- non-destructive techniques (NDT) --- corrosion of reinforcement --- slip resistance --- granite floor --- slip resistance value --- ramp test --- acceptance angle --- sliding friction coefficient --- comparability of test methods --- wall temperature --- fibre bragg grating sensors --- freeze-thaw cycles --- signal analysis --- short-time Fourier transform --- fast Fourier transform --- brine --- sodium chloride --- X-ray --- partition walls --- brick walls --- bending strength --- cracking --- post-tension --- cable --- girder --- destructive test --- non-destructive test --- structural health monitoring --- safety --- monitoring fibre Bragg grating --- mining areas --- strain/stress distribution --- geopolymer concrete --- fly-ash --- bottom-ash --- neural network --- sustainability --- industrial waste management --- flexural strength --- cladding --- AE acoustic emission --- micro-events --- sound spectrum --- traditional and quasi-brittle cement composites --- residual-state creep --- saturation front --- landslides --- erosional stability --- laboratory testing --- grout mixtures --- groundwater --- test apparatus --- testing --- building materials --- elements