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Men of Bronze takes up one of the most important and fiercely debated subjects in ancient history and classics: how did archaic Greek hoplites fight, and what role, if any, did hoplite warfare play in shaping the Greek polis? In the nineteenth century, George Grote argued that the phalanx battle formation of the hoplite farmer citizen-soldier was the driving force behind a revolution in Greek social, political, and cultural institutions. Throughout the twentieth century scholars developed and refined this grand hoplite narrative with the help of archaeology. But over the past thirty years scholars have criticized nearly every major tenet of this orthodoxy. Indeed, the revisionists have persuaded many specialists that the evidence demands a new interpretation of the hoplite narrative and a rewriting of early Greek history. Men of Bronze gathers leading scholars to advance the current debate and bring it to a broader audience of ancient historians, classicists, archaeologists, and general readers.After explaining the historical context and significance of the hoplite question, the book assesses and pushes forward the debate over the traditional hoplite narrative and demonstrates why it is at a crucial turning point. Instead of reaching a consensus, the contributors have sharpened their differences, providing new evidence, explanations, and theories about the origin, nature, strategy, and tactics of the hoplite phalanx and its effect on Greek culture and the rise of the polis.

Armor, Ancient --- Military art and science --- Soldiers --- History --- Greece --- History, Military --- Weapons, Ancient --- Aristotle. --- Assyrian army. --- Etruscan Bomarzo shield. --- Greek culture. --- Greek history. --- Greek hoplites. --- Greek infantry. --- Greek mercenaries. --- Greek military history. --- Greek social status. --- Greek soldiers. --- Greek state. --- Greek values. --- Greek warfare. --- Homeric epics. --- Homeric warfare. --- Oriental influence. --- Persian army. --- Politics. --- The Other Greeks. --- The Western Way of War. --- agrarianism. --- ancient Greece. --- ancient Greek warfare. --- archaeology. --- archaic Greek arms. --- archaic Greeks. --- chronological framework. --- citizen-soldier. --- citizen-soldiers. --- double-grip shield. --- early Greek hoplite warfare. --- early Greek infantry. --- economic change. --- elite landowners. --- gentlemen farmers. --- gradualism. --- grand hoplite narrative. --- hoplite armor. --- hoplite arms. --- hoplite battle. --- hoplite class. --- hoplite debate. --- hoplite equipment. --- hoplite fighting. --- hoplite formations. --- hoplite iconography. --- hoplite ideology. --- hoplite orthodoxy. --- hoplite panoply. --- hoplite reform. --- hoplite shield. --- hoplite warfare. --- hoplite weapons. --- hoplites. --- leisure class. --- literary sources. --- lyric poetry. --- mass collision. --- material culture. --- mercenary service. --- middling farmers. --- modern historians. --- phalanx. --- poetry. --- polis. --- political development. --- revisionism. --- site survey. --- small-scale farmers. --- social change. --- sociopolitical issues. --- spear. --- survey archaeology. --- survey data. --- survey projects. --- yeomen farmers.

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"A long-dominant reading of American politics holds that public policy in the United States is easily captured by special interest groups. Countering this view, Adam Sheingate traces the development of government intervention in agriculture from its nineteenth-century origins to contemporary struggles over farm subsidies. His considered conclusion is that American institutions have not given agricultural interest groups any particular advantages in the policy process, in part because opposing lobbies also enjoy access to policymakers. In fact, the high degree of conflict and pluralism maintained by American institutions made possible substantial retrenchment of the agricultural welfare state during the 1980s and 1990s. In Japan and France--two countries with markedly different institutional characters than the United States--powerful agricultural interests and a historically close relationship between farmers, bureaucrats, and politicians continue to preclude a roll-back of farm subsidies. This well-crafted study not only puts a new spin on agricultural policy, but also makes a strong case for the broader claim that the relatively decentralized American political system is actually less prone to capture and rule by subgovernments than the more centralized political systems found in France and Japan. Sheingate's historical, comparative approach also demonstrates, in a widely useful way, how past institutional developments shape current policies and options."--Publisher.

Social Sciences and Humanities. Economics --- Economic Conditions, Development and Structure. --- Groupes de pression --- Politique agricole --- Subvention --- Landwirtschaft --- Agrarpolitik --- Pressiegroepen. --- Agrarisch beleid. --- Pressure groups. --- Agriculture and state. --- Pressure groups --- Agriculture and state --- Japan. --- USA. --- Frankreich --- United States. --- France. --- Agricultural Act (1961). --- Amicale parlementaire agricole (APA). --- Baumgartner, Frank. --- Bureau of Agricultural Affairs (Japan). --- Calvert, Charles. --- Chirac, Jacques. --- Cooperatives. --- Corps du génie rural. --- Democratic Party. --- Eisenhower, Dwight. --- Fifth Republic. --- Food Control Law (1942). --- Fourth Republic. --- Gambetta, Leon. --- Gilded Age politics. --- Industrial Cooperative Law (1900). --- Japan Socialist Party. --- Jiyuto. --- Kline, Allan. --- Kohl, Helmut. --- Mitterand, Françoise. --- Morrill Act (1862). --- New Deal. --- Offices agricoles. --- Olson, Mancur. --- Peltzman, Sam. --- Pisani, Edgard. --- Populist party. --- Rice Control Law (1933). --- Seiyukai Party. --- Service hydraulique. --- Soil Bank. --- Tanguy-Prigent, Pierre. --- Truman, David. --- Uruguay Round. --- agrarianism. --- agricultural policy. --- corporatism. --- entrepreneurial politics. --- environmental politics. --- government capacity. --- iron triangle. --- land-grant college system. --- log-rolling. --- majoritarian politics. --- policy networks. --- retrenchment politics. --- rice production. --- wheat production. --- wine production. --- zoku, agricultural. --- Advocacy groups --- Interest groups --- Political interest groups --- Special interest groups (Pressure groups) --- Functional representation --- Political science --- Representative government and representation --- Lobbying --- Policy networks --- Political action committees --- Social control --- Agrarian question --- Agricultural policy --- Agriculture --- State and agriculture --- Economic policy --- Land reform --- Government policy --- Bro-C'hall --- Fa-kuo --- Fa-lan-hsi --- Faguo --- Falanxi --- Falanxi Gongheguo --- Faransā --- Farānsah --- França --- Francia (Republic) --- Francija --- Francja --- Francland --- Francuska --- Franis --- Franḳraykh --- Frankrig --- Frankrijk --- Frankrike --- Frankryk --- Fransa --- Fransa Respublikası --- Franse --- Franse Republiek --- Frant︠s︡ --- Frant︠s︡ Uls --- Frant︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Frantsuzskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Frantsyi︠a︡ --- Franza --- French Republic --- Frencisc Cynewīse --- Frenska republika --- Furansu --- Furansu Kyōwakoku --- Gallia --- Gallia (Republic) --- Gallikē Dēmokratia --- Hyãsia --- Parancis --- Peurancih --- Phransiya --- Pransiya --- Pransya --- Prantsusmaa --- Pʻŭrangsŭ --- Ranska --- República Francesa --- Republica Franzesa --- Republika Francuska --- Republiḳah ha-Tsarfatit --- Republikang Pranses --- République française --- Tsarfat --- Tsorfat --- Γαλλική Δημοκρατία --- Γαλλία --- Франц --- Франц Улс --- Французская Рэспубліка --- Францыя --- Франция --- Френска република --- פראנקרייך --- צרפת --- רפובליקה הצרפתית --- فرانسه --- فرنسا --- フランス --- フランス共和国 --- 法国 --- 法蘭西 --- 法蘭西共和國 --- 프랑스 --- France (Provisional government, 1944-1946) --- al-Yābān --- Giappone --- Government of Japan --- Iapōnia --- I︠A︡ponii︠a︡ --- Japam --- Japani --- Japão --- Japon --- Japonia --- Japonsko --- Japonya --- Jih-pen --- Mư̄ang Yīpun --- Nihon --- Nihon-koku --- Nihonkoku --- Nippon --- Nippon-koku --- Nipponkoku --- Prathēt Yīpun --- Riben --- State of Japan --- Yābān --- Yapan --- Yīpun --- Zhāpān --- Япония --- اليابان --- يابان --- 日本 --- 日本国 --- ABŞ --- ABSh --- Ameerika Ühendriigid --- America (Republic) --- Amerika Birlăshmish Shtatlary --- Amerika Birlăşmi Ştatları --- Amerika Birlăşmiş Ştatları --- Amerika ka Kelenyalen Jamanaw --- Amerika Qūrama Shtattary --- Amerika Qŭshma Shtatlari --- Amerika Qushma Shtattary --- Amerika (Republic) --- Amerikai Egyesült Államok --- Amerikanʹ Veĭtʹsėndi︠a︡vks Shtattnė --- Amerikări Pĕrleshu̇llĕ Shtatsem --- Amerikas Forenede Stater --- Amerikayi Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Ameriketako Estatu Batuak --- Amirika Carékat --- AQSh --- Ar. ha-B. --- Arhab --- Artsot ha-Berit --- Artzois Ha'bris --- Bí-kok --- Ē.P.A. --- EE.UU. --- Egyesült Államok --- ĒPA --- Estados Unidos --- Estados Unidos da América do Norte --- Estados Unidos de América --- Estaos Xuníos --- Estaos Xuníos d'América --- Estatos Unitos --- Estatos Unitos d'America --- Estats Units d'Amèrica --- Ètats-Unis d'Amèrica --- États-Unis d'Amérique --- Fareyniḳṭe Shṭaṭn --- Feriene Steaten --- Feriene Steaten fan Amearika --- Forente stater --- FS --- Hēnomenai Politeiai Amerikēs --- Hēnōmenes Politeies tēs Amerikēs --- Hiwsisayin Amerikayi Miatsʻeal Tērutʻiwnkʻ --- Istadus Unidus --- Jungtinės Amerikos valstybės --- Mei guo --- Mei-kuo --- Meiguo --- Mî-koet --- Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Miguk --- Na Stàitean Aonaichte --- NSA --- S.U.A. --- SAD --- Saharat ʻAmērikā --- SASht --- Severo-Amerikanskie Shtaty --- Severo-Amerikanskie Soedinennye Shtaty --- Si︠e︡vero-Amerikanskīe Soedinennye Shtaty --- Sjedinjene Američke Države --- Soedinennye Shtaty Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Severnoĭ Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Si︠e︡vernoĭ Ameriki --- Spojené obce severoamerické --- Spojené staty americké --- SShA --- Stadoù-Unanet Amerika --- Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá --- Stany Zjednoczone --- Stati Uniti --- Stati Uniti d'America --- Stâts Unîts --- Stâts Unîts di Americhe --- Steatyn Unnaneysit --- Steatyn Unnaneysit America --- SUA (Stati Uniti d'America) --- Sŭedineni amerikanski shtati --- Sŭedinenite shtati --- Tetã peteĩ reko Amérikagua --- U.S. --- U.S.A. --- United States of America --- Unol Daleithiau --- Unol Daleithiau America --- Unuiĝintaj Ŝtatoj de Ameriko --- US --- USA --- Usono --- Vaeinigte Staatn --- Vaeinigte Staatn vo Amerika --- Vereinigte Staaten --- Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika --- Verenigde State van Amerika --- Verenigde Staten --- VS --- VSA --- Wááshindoon Bikéyah Ałhidadiidzooígíí --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amirīkīyah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amrīkīyah --- Yhdysvallat --- Yunaeted Stet --- Yunaeted Stet blong Amerika --- ZDA --- Združene države Amerike --- Zʹi︠e︡dnani Derz︠h︡avy Ameryky --- Zjadnośone staty Ameriki --- Zluchanyi︠a︡ Shtaty Ameryki --- Zlucheni Derz︠h︡avy --- ZSA --- Η.Π.Α. --- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες της Αμερικής --- Америка (Republic) --- Американь Вейтьсэндявкс Штаттнэ --- Америкӑри Пӗрлешӳллӗ Штатсем --- САЩ --- Съединените щати --- Злучаныя Штаты Амерыкі --- ولايات المتحدة --- ولايات المتّحدة الأمريكيّة --- ولايات المتحدة الامريكية --- 미국 --- États-Unis --- É.-U. --- ÉU --- interest group. --- Welfare State. --- aid to agriculture. --- Japan --- Japán --- Ιαπωνία --- Јапан --- Japāna --- il-Ġappun --- Japonska --- Japón --- Jaapan --- Japão --- An tSeapáin --- Japonija --- Јапонија --- Japonské císařství --- Парламентарна Уставна Монархија Јапонија --- die Vereinigte Staaten --- Združene države --- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες --- l-Istati Uniti --- Ameerika Ühendriigid --- Shtetet e Bashkuara --- Spojené státy --- États-Unis --- Egyesült Államok --- Statele Unite --- Amerikas Savienotās Valstis --- Förenta staterna --- Сједињене Америчке Државе --- Jungtinės Valstijos --- Съединени щати --- Sjedinjene Američke Države --- Na Stáit Aontaithe --- Spojené štáty --- Соединети Американски Држави --- САД --- Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá --- JAV --- Amerikas förenta stater --- l-Istati Uniti tal-Amerika --- los Estados Unidos de América --- ΗΠΑ --- Shtetet e Bashkuara të Amerikës --- Verenigde Staten van Amerika --- Соединетите Држави --- Amerikai Egyesült Államok --- Statele Unite ale Americii --- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες της Αμερικής --- SHBA --- Ühendriigid --- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες Αμερικής --- EUA --- ASV --- États-Unis d'Amérique --- Združene države Amerike --- Stany Zjednoczone Ameryki --- Съединени американски щати --- SUA --- Yhdysvallat, USA --- Spojené státy americké --- Jungtinės Amerikos Valstijos --- Sjedinjene Države --- Estados Unidos da América --- De Forenede Stater --- Spojené státy severoamerické --- Amerikan yhdysvallat --- Spojené štáty americké --- die Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika --- Franciaország --- An Fhrainc --- Franța --- Francia --- Francúzsko --- Franca --- Francie --- France --- Франција --- Γαλλία --- Француска --- Prancūzija --- França --- Ranskan tasavalta --- Republica Franceză --- Francúzska republika --- Prancūzijos Respublika --- Republika Franceze --- Република Франција --- République française --- Republiken Frankrike --- Γαλλική Δημοκρατία --- die Französische Republik --- Francuska Republika --- Француска Република --- Francijas Republika --- ir-Repubblika Franċiża --- Den Franske Republik --- Francia Köztársaság --- República Francesa --- Francouzská republika --- Repubblica francese --- Prantsuse Vabariik --- Francoska republika --- Estado-providência --- État providence --- социјална држава --- socijalna država --- velfærdsstat --- heaoluriik --- stát leasa --- κράτος προνοίας --- Wohlfahrtsstaat --- jóléti állam --- gerovės valstybė --- Stato assistenziale --- Shtet i mirëqenies sociale --- välfärdsstat --- stát sociálních jistot --- hyvinvointivaltio --- социална държава --- labklājības valsts --- држава благостања --- państwo opiekuńcze --- država blaginje --- stat social --- verzorgingsstaat --- Stat Soċjali --- štát sociálnych istôt --- Estado del bienestar --- Estado benefactor --- welfare state --- Estado asistencial --- blahobytná společnost --- država blagostanja --- sociální stát --- stát blahobytu --- Estado providencial --- vyspělý stát --- společnost blahobytu --- држава на социјална благосостојба --- interesna skupina --- група со интерес --- grupo de interesses --- záujmová skupina --- grupo de interés --- gruppo d'interesse --- interesų grupė --- grupa interesu --- érdekcsoport --- grúpa sainleasa --- intressegrupp --- zájmová skupina --- interessegruppe --- etujärjestö --- grup de interese --- belangengroep --- Interessengruppe --- huvirühm --- grup interesi --- grupp interessat --- интересна група --- група по интереси --- groupe d'intérêt --- interešu grupa --- ομάδα συμφερόντων --- група за притисок --- nyomásgyakorló csoport --- pressionsgruppe --- lobizmas --- surverühm --- pressure group --- pressiegroep --- grupo de presión --- lobbitevékenység --- lobi --- ietekmētājgrupa --- lob --- lobijs --- lobbying --- grup de presiune --- лобирање --- lobbi --- lobbiszervezet --- nátlaková skupina --- påtryckningsgrupp --- painostusryhmä --- lobby --- лоби --- Lobby --- spaudimo grupė --- grup presioni --- lobitöö --- eturyhmä --- gruppo di pressione --- ομάδα επιρροής --- grupo de pressão --- interesna grupa --- skupina za pritisak --- groupe de pression --- ομάδα πίεσης --- korridorpolitik --- zemědělská politika --- politică agricolă --- žemės ūkio politika --- agrárpolitika --- politikë bujqësore --- põllumajanduspoliitika --- politica agricola --- lauksaimniecības politika --- пољопривредна политика --- polityka rolna --- politika agrikola --- agrarna politika --- земеделска политика --- landbrugspolitik --- maatalouspolitiikka --- kmetijska politika --- земјоделска политика --- landbouwbeleid --- γεωργική πολιτική --- politique agricole --- poľnohospodárska politika --- política agrícola --- beartas talmhaíochta --- jordbrukspolitik --- poľnohospodársky projekt --- farming policy --- agricultural development --- maatilapolitiikka --- agricultural planning --- jordbruksplanering --- mezőgazdasági gazdálkodási politika --- planeamento agrícola --- zemědělský rozvoj --- mezőgazdasági politika --- γεωργική ανάπτυξη --- développement agricole --- poľnohospodársky rozvoj --- desenvolvimento agrícola --- landwirtschaftliche Planung --- farm policy --- planifikim bujqësor --- žemės ūkio planavimas --- žemės ūkio plėtra --- programmazione agricola --- desarrollo agrario --- Landwirtschaftspolitik --- farmárska politika --- mezőgazdasági fejlődés --- sviluppo agricolo --- agrární politika --- planification agricole --- agrarisch beleid --- põllumajanduse arendamine --- lauksaimniecības plānošana --- zemědělské plánování --- maatalouden kehittäminen --- politikë fermere --- planificación agraria --- dezvoltare agricolă --- γεωργικός προγραμματισμός --- política agraria --- lantbrukspolitik --- Agrarentwicklung --- poljoprivredna politika --- lauksaimniecības attīstība --- landbrugsplanlægning --- põllumajanduse planeerimine --- jordbruksutveckling --- poľnohospodárske plánovanie --- zhvillim bujqësor --- ūkininkavimo politika --- política agropecuaria --- politikë e femës --- landbrugsudvikling --- maatalouden suunnittelu --- ndihmë për bujqësinë --- pomoc dla rolnictwa --- помош за земјоделството --- земеделска помощ --- cabhair don talmhaíocht --- lauksaimniecības atbalsts --- jordbruksstöd --- ajuda à agricultura --- помоћ пољопривреди --- pomoč kmetijstvu --- maataloustuki --- fonduri pentru agricultură --- parama žemės ūkiui --- steun aan de landbouw --- potpora poljoprivredi --- landbrugsstøtte --- põllumajandustoetus --- għajnuna għall-agrikoltura --- podpora zemědělství --- Agrarbeihilfe --- sostegno agricolo --- γεωργικές ενισχύσεις --- aide à l'agriculture --- podpora poľnohospodárstva --- mezőgazdasági támogatás --- ayuda a la agricultura --- maatilatuki --- lauksaimniecības subsīdijas --- poljoprivredna potpora --- субвенции --- zemědělská subvence --- žemės ūkio subsidija --- subvenție agricolă --- aiuto all'agricoltura --- farm subsidy --- subvencion për fermë --- aiuto agricolo --- agrártámogatás --- põllumajandussubsiidium --- landwirtschaftliche Beihilfe --- farmárska dotácia