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Democratic Republic of Congo. --- Political leadership --- Political leadership. --- Politics and government. --- leadership. --- political elite. --- political history. --- towns. --- underdevelopment. --- Congo (Democratic Republic) --- Congo (Democratic Republic). --- Congo (République démocratique) --- Kisangani (Congo) --- Politique et gouvernement.

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The rise of Zanzibar was based on two major economic transformations: firstly, slaves became used for the production of cloves and grain for export, instead of the slaves themselves being exported; secondly there was an increased demand for luxuries such as ivory and Zanzibar took advantage of its strategic position to trade as far as the Great Lakes. Yet this economic success increasingly subordinated Zanzibar to Britain, with its anti-slavery crusade and its control over the Indian merchant class.

North America: Ohio U Press; Kenya: EAEP

Slave trade --- Spice trade --- Ivory industry --- History. --- Zanzibar --- Commerce --- History --- Wildlife products industry --- Spice industry --- Plant products industry --- Zanzibar Protectorate --- Zanzibar Executive --- Zanguebar --- Serikali ya Mapinduzi ya Zanzibar --- SMZ --- S.M.Z. --- Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar --- Serikali ya Mapinduzi Zanzibar --- Zanjibār --- Zanzibar (Tanzania) --- Zengibar --- Tanzania --- Britain. --- East African Commercial Empire. --- Zanzibar. --- ivory trade. --- slavery. --- underdevelopment.

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The question of development is a major topic in courses across the social sciences and history, particularly those focused on Latin America. Many scholars and instructors have tried to pinpoint, explain, and define the problem of underdevelopment in the region. With new ideas have come new strategies that by and large have failed to explain or reduce income disparity and relieve poverty in the region. Why Latin American Nations Fail brings together leading Latin Americanists from several disciplines to address the topic of how and why contemporary development strategies have failed to curb rampant poverty and underdevelopment throughout the region. Given the dramatic political turns in contemporary Latin America, this book offers a much-needed explanation and analysis of the factors that are key to making sense of development today.

Economic development --- Sustainable development --- History. --- academic. --- agriculture. --- argentina. --- brazil. --- colombia. --- consumption. --- contemporary. --- development. --- economy. --- essay collection. --- essays. --- failed nation. --- failed state. --- history. --- human rights. --- income disparity. --- indigenous people. --- latin america. --- latin american history. --- mexico. --- modern world. --- money. --- natural resources. --- peru. --- political. --- politics. --- poverty. --- property rights. --- regional. --- relief. --- scholarly. --- social sciences. --- social studies. --- underdevelopment. --- western world.

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Explicitly focusing on the malaise of underdevelopment that has shaped the country since the Spanish conquest, Ramón Eduardo Ruiz offers a panoramic interpretation of Mexican history and culture from the pre-Hispanic and colonial eras through the twentieth century. Drawing on economics, psychology, literature, film, and history, he reveals how development processes have fostered glaring inequalities, uncovers the fundamental role of race and class in perpetuating poverty, and sheds new light on the contemporary Mexican reality. Throughout, Ruiz traces a legacy of dependency on outsiders, and considers the weighty role the United States has played, starting with an unjust war that cost Mexico half its territory. Based on Ruiz's decades of research and travel in Mexico, this penetrating work helps us better understand where the country has come, why it is where it is today, and where it might go in the future.

Economic development - Mexico. --- Mexico - Economic conditions. --- Mexico - Economic policy. --- Poverty - Mexico. --- Economic development --- Poverty --- Business & Economics --- Economic History --- Mexico --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy. --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Social stratification --- Economic sociology --- 20th century. --- class differences. --- colonial era. --- contemporary mexico. --- dependent. --- economic oppression. --- economics. --- inequality. --- international relations. --- malaise. --- mexican class system. --- mexican culture. --- mexican history. --- mexican literature and film. --- mexico. --- modern mexico. --- national development. --- nonfiction. --- poverty. --- prehispanic era. --- psychology. --- race and class. --- spanish conquest. --- systematic oppression. --- underdevelopment. --- united states. --- war and territory.

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Reassessing the developing world through the lens of Europe's pastToday's developing nations emerged from the rubble of the Second World War. Only a handful of these countries have subsequently attained a level of prosperity and security comparable to that of the advanced industrial world. The implication is clear: those who study the developing world in order to learn how development can be achieved lack the data to do so.In The Development Dilemma, Robert Bates responds to this challenge by turning to history, focusing on England and France. By the end of the eighteenth century, England stood poised to enter "the great transformation." France by contrast verged on state failure, and life and property were insecure. Probing the histories of these countries, Bates uncovers a powerful tension between prosperity and security: both may be necessary for development, he argues, but efforts to achieve the one threaten the achievement of the other. A fundamental tension pervades the political economy of development.Bates also argues that while the creation of a central hierarchy-a state-may be necessary to the achievement of development, it is not sufficient. What matters is how the power of the state is used. France and England teach us that in some settings the seizure and redistribution of wealth-not its safeguarding and fostering-is a winning political strategy. These countries also suggest the features that mark those settings-features that appear in nations throughout the developing world.Returning to the present, Bates applies these insights to the world today. Drawing on fieldwork in Zambia and Kenya, and data from around the globe, he demonstrates how the past can help us to understand the performance of nations in today's developing world.

Activism. --- Africa. --- African National Congress. --- Agrarian society. --- Agriculture. --- Authoritarianism. --- Cambridge University Press. --- Central Africa. --- Central Authority. --- Central Committee. --- Central government. --- Chivalry. --- Colonial Service. --- Colonialism. --- Comparative advantage. --- Copperbelt. --- Cultural heritage. --- Cut-point. --- Data set. --- Debt. --- Defection. --- Demesne. --- Developed country. --- Early modern period. --- East Africa. --- Economic development. --- Economic growth. --- Economic history. --- Economy. --- Employment. --- Ethnic group. --- Europe. --- Failed state. --- Imperialism. --- Income. --- Industrial society. --- Institution. --- Insurgency. --- Intendant. --- Interquartile range. --- James Fearon. --- Jomo Kenyatta. --- Kenya African Union. --- Kenya People's Union. --- Kenya. --- Kiambu. --- Kitwe. --- Lusaka. --- Michela Wrong. --- Middle Ages. --- Military occupation. --- Mining. --- Moise Tshombe. --- Msiri. --- Mufulira. --- Mwai Kibaki. --- Northern Rhodesia. --- Nyasaland. --- Oxford University Press. --- Palgrave Macmillan. --- Percentage point. --- Political geography. --- Political party. --- Political science. --- Political violence. --- Politician. --- Politics. --- Poverty. --- Predation. --- Proconsul. --- Regime. --- Regional assembly (England). --- Reprisal. --- Research institute. --- Result. --- Rift valley. --- Right to property. --- Ruler. --- Shortage. --- Southern Rhodesia. --- Suger. --- Tax. --- Textile industry. --- The Great Transformation (book). --- Time series. --- Trade union. --- Uganda. --- Underdevelopment. --- Underpinning. --- United National Independence Party. --- University of California Press. --- Uppsala Conflict Data Program. --- Urbanization. --- Vassal. --- Wealth. --- William Nordhaus. --- World War I. --- Yale University Press. --- Year. --- Zambia.