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Time and Modality is a unique work of reference; not only does it unite studies which explore the syntax and semantics of tense or modality but it is the first book of its kind to embrace the interaction of tense and modality within a coherent generative model. Various topics are covered in this volume: among them are the counterfactual uses of conditionals, modals, and past tense; the irrealis use of perfective aspect; a special English subjunctive; the interaction of tense assignment and the definition of an event; the modal verb as a causative verb; the interaction of modality, tense, and aktionsart; the contrast between deontic and epistemic modal with respect to tense interpretation; the syntax of epistemic modals; the long-awaited definition of generic and habitual sentence; and the introduction of intensionality in copular clauses. Although every article deals with English to some degree, two chapters compare the syntax and semantics of tense and modality in Spanish vs English. The authors also investigate Slavic, Germanic, Afro-Asiatic, Oriental, Amerindian Languages and Hungarian.
Grammar, Comparative and general --- Tense. --- Temporal constructions. --- Temporal constructions (Grammar) --- Tense (Grammar) --- Syntax --- Temporal constructions --- Modality --- Linguistics --- Philology
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It is commonly assumed that we conceive of the past and the future as symmetrical. In this book, Fabrizio Cariani develops a new theory of future-directed discourse and thought that shows that our linguistic and philosophical conceptions of the past and future are, in fact, fundamentally different. Future thought and talk, Cariani suggests, are best understood in terms of a systematic analogy with counterfactual thought and talk, and are not just mirror images of the past. Cariani makes this case by developing detailed formal semantic theories as well as by advancing less technical views about the nature of future-directed judgment and prediction. His book addresses in a thought-provoking way several important debates in contemporary philosophy, and his synthesis of parallel threads of research will benefit scholars in the philosophy of language, metaphysics, epistemology, linguistics and cognitive science.
Modality (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Tense. --- Temporal constructions. --- Temporal constructions (Grammar) --- Tense (Grammar) --- Linguistics --- Syntax --- Temporal constructions --- Philology
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Italian language --- Grammar --- Conjunctions. --- Temporal constructions.
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Partant d'une critique radicale de la conception linguistique courante des relations entre temporalité et modalité (catégories généralement tenues pur mutuellement exclusives), cet ouvrage propose un nouveau modèle, prédictif et réfutable, qui vise à établir deux propositions : - toute modalité est située dans le temps sous un aspect déterminé ; - le temps lui-même, parce qu'il opère continûment la conversion du possible en irrévocable, a une dimension intrinsèquement modale que l'aspect permet de moduler de diverses manières, proprement linguistiques. Ce modèle global est appliqué de façon détaillée à l'étude sémantique de quelques phénomènes grammaticaux particuliers du français : l'imparfait dans les hypothétiques, l'imparfait narratif, le conditionnel journalistique et le présent historique. La démarche s'inscrit dans une perspective cognitive plus générale, qui vise à définir la représentation non plus comme simple renvoi, mais – renouant avec la tradition rhétorique – comme un processus permettant, par le biais des dispositifs sémantiques spécifiques, de « rendre les choses absentes ».
French language --- Cognitive grammar. --- Tense. --- Temporal constructions.
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German language --- Grammar, Generative --- Temporal constructions --- Tense
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Chinese language --- Discourse analysis --- Semantics --- Temporal constructions
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English language --- Discourse analysis --- Temporal constructions --- Tense
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This is the first book dedicated to the study of the complexities that arise in embodied interaction from the multiplicity of time-scales on which its component processes unfold. It shows in microscopic detail how people synchronize and sequence modal resources such as talk, gaze, gesture, and object-manipulation to accomplish social actions. The studies show that each of these resources has its own temporal trajectory, affordances and restrictions, which enable and constrain the fine-grained work of bodily self-organization and interaction with others. Focusing on extended interactional time scales, some of the contributors investigate ways in which larger interactional episodes and relationships between actions are brought about and how actions build on shared interactional histories. The book makes a strong case for the use of video in the study of social interaction. It proposes an enlarged vision of Conversation Analysis that puts the body and its interactive temporalities center stage.
Grammar, Comparative and general --- Temporal constructions.
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