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Sensitivity analysis --- Programming(Linear-) --- Mathematical optimization

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This work will study the characterization of crude oil. Will be used suitable methods in particular as regard to heavy fractions. The aim is to integrate the study within VALI, owned by BELSIM SA company, and improve the software in the Data Validation and Reconciliation process where is one of the leaders in this field.

oil heavy fractions --- chracterisation procedure --- GC analysis --- PVT test --- Sensitivity Analysis --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Ingénierie chimique

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The management of irrigation districts is becoming laborious in some regions of Colombia. In the Tolima region, the bimodal climate is present in hot and semi-arid areas that are vulnerable due to the increasing impact of climatic phenomena that cause an intensification of droughts, but also of rainfall. The systems in place sometimes require more water than is needed, in a context of increasing producer density. Agricultural yields, particularly for rice, which is very present in the region, can sometimes decrease in an unprecedented way in the event of insufficient water supply. Moreover, the experiments to be carried out to put an end to these problems are sometimes costly in terms of time and money. In this study, trials of irrigation systems and scheduling were tried, and the use of a calibrated crop simulation model to assess the possibility of predicting the behaviour of these experiments on a variety of Oriza sativa L. from the region. The calibration shows simulations of the evolution of plant parameters, such as canopy cover with an average RMSE of about 2.60 % and correlated for the first cycle and a much poorer simulation for the second cycle, but also a simulated dry yield with an overall MBE of 0.621t/ha that is rather accurate and can differ from the observed evolution of the different treatments to some extent. Further simulations were carried out to assess the importance of the parameters on these outputs. The sensitivity analysis shows 7 parameters explaining 95 % of the total sensitivity of the evolution during a fictitious cycle of different soil water content, biomass, canopy cover and dry yield. These results will allow future evaluation of irrigation schedules in order to optimise yields according to local water consumption. Based on the results of the sensitivity analysis, further analyses can be done in the region to facilitate and plan future calibrations in a local environment. Thanks to the processed and modelled local climate data, it will also be possible to carry out irrigation schedules according to extreme weather events.

Precision agriculture, irrigation, crop modeling, global warming, sensitivity analysis, --- Sciences du vivant > Agriculture & agronomie

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As a part of the New Space development in industry, this research pursues the development of an end-to-end performance modeling interface for optical systems (EMIOS). The interest of managing performance prediction with computer-aided technologies for space instrument are huge. It is primordial for companies to supply reliable instrument to customers and to be compliant with standards. This study demonstrates the robustness of this kind of software by giving a detailed analysis of the sensitivity of optical instruments, especially hyperspectral instruments.


This work is based on a deep understanding of different theoretical and practical concepts happening along the design lifetime of hyperspectral instruments. By managing the optical design processes, engineers can have an overview of the future operation of hyperspectral instruments. The thermo-elastic perturbations have to be evaluated and the resulting image deformations too. Therefore, it is important to define the different quality criteria that will be used to sense the optical aberrations coming from these deformations. Naturally, an enhancement of the end-to-end performance tools is performed beforehand in order to upgrade the software and achieve the sensitivity analysis afterwards. Finally, this sensitivity study gives the main tendencies in terms of mirrors deformations and motions that will allow engineers to better understand the behavior of hyperspectral instruments in operation. Several recommendations about the future reliability of the developed optics are also provided. Dans le cadre du développement du New Space en industrie, cette recherche poursuit le développement d'une interface de modélisation des performances de bout en bout pour les systèmes optiques (EMIOS). L'intérêt de gérer la prévision des performances avec des technologies assistées par ordinateur pour les instruments spatiaux est énorme. Il est primordial pour les entreprises de fournir des instruments fiables aux clients et de se conformer aux normes. Cette étude démontre la robustesse de ce type de logiciel en donnant une analyse détaillée de la sensibilité des instruments optiques, en particulier des instruments hyperspectraux.


Ce travail est basé sur une compréhension approfondie des différents concepts théoriques et pratiques qui se produisent tout au long de la durée de vie de conception des instruments hyperspectraux. En gérant les processus de conception optique, les ingénieurs peuvent avoir une vue d'ensemble du fonctionnement futur des instruments hyperspectraux. Les perturbations thermo-élastiques doivent être évaluées et les déformations d'image qui en résultent également. Il est donc important de définir les différents critères de qualité qui seront utilisés pour détecter les aberrations optiques provenant de ces déformations. Naturellement, une amélioration des outils de performance de bout en bout est effectuée au préalable afin de mettre à niveau le logiciel et de réaliser l'analyse de sensibilité par la suite. Enfin, cette étude de sensibilité donne les principales tendances en termes de déformations et de mouvements des miroirs qui permettront aux ingénieurs de mieux comprendre le comportement des instruments hyperspectraux durant leur fonctionnement. Plusieurs recommandations sur la fiabilité future des optiques développées sont également fournies.

Optical performances --- Sensitivity analysis --- Hyperspectral --- EMIOS --- Performances optiques --- Analyse de sensibilité --- Hyperspectral --- EMIOS --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Ingénierie aérospatiale

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Recent studies have shown that not only exporters but also importers perform better than firms that do not trade. Using a detailed firm level dataset from 43 developing countries, I show that there are persistent differences in evolution of firms when they are grouped according to their trade orientation as: two-way traders (both importing and exporting), only exporters, only importers, and non-traders. Extending the existing models of firm evolution in open economies by incorporating importing decision, I show that: i) globally engaged firms are larger, more productive, and grow faster than non-traders; ii) two-way traders are the fastest growing and most innovative group who are followed by only-exporters; iii) estimating export premium without controlling for import status is likely to overestimate the actual value by capturing the import premium; and iv) R&D investment contributes to growth of traders significantly more than to non-traders. Finally I show the robustness of the findings by providing evidence from the panel data constructed from the original dataset and controlling for variables that are likely to affect firm growth.

Certificate --- E-Business --- Economic Theory & Research --- Emerging Markets --- Enterprise surveys --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Fixed cost --- Foreign inputs --- Globalization --- Innovation --- International trade --- Labor Policies --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Manufacturing --- Microfinance --- Performance measures --- Private sector --- Private sector development --- Productivity --- R&d --- Result --- Results --- Sensitivity analysis --- Social Protections and Labor --- Technological innovation --- Technological innovations --- Technology transfer --- Web