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La historiografía tradicional, española y europea, ha considerado la Guerra de Granada (1482-1492) como un hecho de naturaleza y alcance exclusivamente hispánicos. Se trataba del último episodio de un proceso ibérico, la « Reconquista », el enfrentamiento secular entre el Islam y la Cristiandad, consustancial al Medievo peninsular. El nacionalismo romántico del siglo XIX y la dictadura de Franco (1939-1975) lo marcaron a fuego en la identidad nacional española.Sin embargo, en las últimas décadas se han revisado estos postulados, hasta culminar en una revisión radical. Librado el conflicto de la carga ideológica que lastraba su estudio, se ha podido abordar bajo una luz nueva, que tiene un doble marco infinitamente más amplio y complejo. De una parte, las Guerras de Granada - en plural - como manifestación ibérica de lo que en Europa se ha denominado « cruzadas tardías ». De otra, el reordenamiento geopolítico del Mediterráneo, como un tablero de ajedrez, en el que el Islam avanzaba en Levante y retrocedía en Occidente. El presente volumen reúne textos de especialistas europeos que abordan tanto las cruzadas contra el Reino de Granada en el siglo XIV - con participación de borgoñones, escoceses, franceses e ingleses - como la guerra final de conquista en el siglo XV. Se identifican los canales de difusión de noticias, la implicación y diferente repercusión en las cortes renacentistas de la Península Italiana, o el eco atenuado de las hostilidades en el Sacro Imperio Romano-Germánico. Emerge así una imagen insólita, novedosa, de un conflicto de dimensión y alcance internacionales (4e de couverture)

Reconquista --- Guerre de Grenade, 1482-1492 --- Grenade --- Europe

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The Almoravid Maghrib uncovers the richness and complexity of a neglected past. A pivotal moment in the history of North Africa, the rise of the Almoravids brought a corner of the Maghrib into closer contact with the world around. From the Cid to the Seljuqs, the Almoravids impressed contemporaries in ways no Maghribi regime had, signalling a transformation of western North Africa through burgeoning trans-Saharan and trans-Mediterranean commerce, urbanization (two of Morocco's four imperial cities were founded), and the epic encounter with the Christian, Muslim, and Jewish cultures of Iberia. The Almoravids witnessed a series of key transformations and beginnings, including the introduction of one of the area's most successful gold currencies, the formulation of a new religious orthodoxy, the parallel rise of counter-movements (popular, messianic, and spiritual), and the inception of pan-Maghribi-Andalusi artistic, literary, and architectural styles.

Almoravides --- History. --- North Africa. --- Northwest Africa. --- Africa, Northwest --- History --- African Civilization. --- Islamic Golden Age. --- Islamic History. --- North West Africa. --- Reconquista. --- Sufism. --- Almoravides.

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les Templiers --- Moyen Age --- chevalerie chrétienne --- l'Ordre du Temple --- chrétienté médiévale occidentale --- l'ordre religieux militaire --- XIIe siècle --- la réforme grégorienne --- la croisade --- saint Bernard --- les pèlerins de Jérusalem --- les Etats latins d'Orient --- Espagne --- la reconquista --- 1307 --- roi Philippe le Bel --- 1312 --- spiritualité --- l'Etat moderne --- XIIe siècle

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Focolare, Community of Sant'Egidio, Neocatechumenal Way, Legionaries of Christ, Communion and Liberation, Opus Dei. These are but a few of the most recognizable names in the broader context of the so-called ecclesial movements. Their history goes back to the period following the First Vatican Council, crosses Vatican II, and develops throughout the twentieth century. It is a history that prepares the movements' rise in the last three decades, from John Paul II to Francis. These movements are a complex phenomenon that shapes the Church now more than before, and they play a key role for the future of Catholicism as a global community, in transition from a Europe-centered tradition to a world Church.

Catholic Action --- Catholic Church --- Societies, etc. --- History --- 27 "19" --- 27 "19" Histoire de l'Eglise--20e eeuw. Periode 1900-1999 --- 27 "19" Kerkgeschiedenis--20e eeuw. Periode 1900-1999 --- Histoire de l'Eglise--20e eeuw. Periode 1900-1999 --- Kerkgeschiedenis--20e eeuw. Periode 1900-1999 --- Action, Catholic --- Apostolate, Lay --- Lay apostolate --- Social justice --- Religious aspects --- Church of Rome --- Roman Catholic Church --- Katholische Kirche --- Katolyt︠s︡ʹka t︠s︡erkva --- Römisch-Katholische Kirche --- Römische Kirche --- Ecclesia Catholica --- Eglise catholique --- Eglise catholique-romaine --- Katolicheskai︠a︡ t︠s︡erkovʹ --- Chiesa cattolica --- Iglesia Católica --- Kościół Katolicki --- Katolicki Kościół --- Kościół Rzymskokatolicki --- Nihon Katorikku Kyōkai --- Katholikē Ekklēsia --- Gereja Katolik --- Kenesiyah ha-Ḳatolit --- Kanisa Katoliki --- כנסיה הקתולית --- כנסייה הקתולית --- 가톨릭교 --- 천주교 --- Catholic Action - Europe. --- Christianity --- foundational myths --- the Second Vatican Council --- ecclesial movements --- religious movements --- scholarly literature --- religious cults --- new religious movements --- juridical ecclesiology --- sects --- theology of the laity --- social origins of religious groups --- the 1960 --- the 1970s --- fundamentalism --- Revanche de Dieu --- movements in the Catholic Church --- Catholic movement --- Catholic action --- the reform movements of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries --- Leo XIII and Pius X --- Pius IX --- the Catholic Movement from the Counter-Revolution to the 'Social Question' --- origins of the organized Catholic laity --- Catholic Movement and political ideologies of the twentieth century --- Pius XI's pontificate --- Pius XI's Catholic action --- the Reconquista --- Opus Dei --- the Legionaries of Christ --- the Cursillos de Cristianidad --- war --- Focolare --- Gioventu Studentesca --- Pius XII's Militant Church --- Vatican II and ecclesial movements --- culture of presence --- Catholic dissent --- Monastic communities --- Paul VI --- Neo-Monastic communities --- Taizé and Bose --- John Paul II --- lay identities and clerical tendencies --- Benedict XVI --- Francis --- orthodoxy --- custom-made faith --- theology of the people --- new Catholic movements and priestly formation in the seminaries --- lay groups --- multi-vocational groups --- the Neocatechumenal way --- canonical and theological issues --- the Apologetics of Enmity --- the Postconciliar Church --- the Tridentine period --- Vatican II --- Catholic movements --- bishops --- clergy --- lay laity --- Loci Theologici --- new Catholic movements --- the Ecclesiastical Institution --- inclusiveness in the Church --- ecclesial movements and post-Vatican II Catholicism --- Catholic movements and the European political arena --- secularization --- confessionalization --- revanchism --- redemption

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"This third edition of Ira M. Lapidus's classic A History of Islamic Societies has been substantially revised to incorporate the insights of new scholarship and updated to include historical developments in the first decade of the twenty-first century. Lapidus's history explores the beginnings and transformations of Islamic civilizations in the Middle East and details Islam's worldwide diffusion to Africa, Spain, Turkey and the Balkans, Central, South and Southeast Asia, and North America, situating Islamic societies within their global, political, and economic contexts. It accounts for the impact of European imperialism on Islamic societies and traces the development of the modern national state system and the simultaneous Islamic revival from the early nineteenth century to the present. This book is essential for readers seeking to understand Muslim peoples."--Publisher information.

Islam --- History --- Islamic countries --- History. --- 905.1 --- 217 --- godsdienst --- geschiedenis --- cultuurgeschiedenis - algemeen --- islam --- World history --- Arab states --- history of Islamic societies --- Islamic civilizations --- The Middle East --- Middle Eastern societies before Islam --- Persian empires --- the Roman Empire --- the Sasanian Empire --- religion and society --- religions and empires --- marriage --- divorce --- sexual morality --- property and inheritance --- seclusion and veiling --- the preaching of Islam --- Arabia --- clans and kingdoms --- Mecca --- language --- the gods --- Muhammad --- state formation --- the Quran --- the Judeo-Christian heritage --- the Arabian heritage --- community and politics --- the Umma of Islam --- the Arab-Muslim imperium --- the Arab-Muslim empires --- the Arab-Muslim conquests --- economic and social change --- Iraq --- Syria and Mesopotamia --- poetry --- Egypt --- Iran --- conversions to Islam --- Arabic --- Middle Eastern languages --- the caliphate to 750 --- the Umayyad monarchy --- the Marwanids --- the 'Abbasids --- the 'Abbasid Empire --- Baghdad --- cosmopolitan Islam --- the Islam of the imperial elite --- religion and identity --- the ideology of imperial Islam --- Islam and iconoclasm --- the caliphate and Islam --- inquisition --- the Arabic humanities --- Persian literature --- Hellenistic literature --- philosophy --- urban Islam --- the Islam of scholars and holy men --- Sunni Islam --- the veneration of the Prophet --- early Muslim theology --- Ash'arism --- scripturalism --- hadith --- tradition and law --- asceticism and mysticism --- Sufism --- Shi'i Islam --- Isma'ili Shi'ism --- Muslim urban societies --- women and family --- non-Muslim minorities --- the early Islamic era --- Islamic legislation for non-Muslims --- Christians and Christianity --- Christian literature in Arabic --- Crusades --- the Egyptian Copts --- Christians in North Africa --- Jews and Judaism --- Egyptian and North African Jews --- the Gheniza era --- the yeshivas and rabbinic Judaism --- the nagid --- Jewish culture in the Islamic context --- continuity and change in the historic cultures of the Middle East --- religion and empire --- the post-'Abbasid Middle Eastern state system --- the Saljuq Empire --- the Mongols --- the Timurids --- Fatimid Egypt --- the Mamluk empire --- the iqta' system and Middle Eastern feudalism --- royal women --- women of urban notable families --- working women and popular culture --- jurisprudence and courts --- Islamic institutions --- mass Islamic society --- Muslim religious movements and the State --- the personal ethic --- normative Islam --- Al-Ghazali --- alternative Islam --- gnostic and popular Sufism --- Islamic philosophy and theosophy --- Ibn al-'Arabi --- the veneration of Saints --- imperial Islamic society --- the limits of worldy life --- state and religion in the Medieval Islamic paradigm --- the global expansion of Islam --- Turkish conquests and conversions --- Anatolia --- the Balkans --- Inner Asia --- India --- Southeast Asia --- sub-Saharan Africa --- Muslim elites --- the reform movement --- Islamic North Africa --- the Zirid empires --- the Banu Hilal --- the Almoravids --- the Almohads --- Islamic religious communities --- Spanish-Islamic civilization --- Hispano-Arabic society --- Hispano-Arabic culture --- the Reconquista --- Muslims under Christian rule --- Judaism in Spain --- Arabic culture --- Hebrew culture --- Latin culture --- convivencia --- the expulsion of Jews from Spain and Portugal --- Jews in North Africa --- the expulsion of Muslims --- Tunisia --- Algeria --- Morocco --- the Marinid and Sa'dian states --- the 'Alawi dynasty --- states and Islam --- Islam in Asia --- the Turkish migrations --- the Ottoman empire --- Turkish-Islamic states in Anatolia --- ghazi state --- the Ottoman world empire --- the janissaries --- Ottoman law --- royal authority --- cultural legitimization --- Ottoman identity --- the Ottoman economy --- Jews and Christians in the Ottoman Empire --- Greek Orthodox and Armenian Christians --- Coptic Christians --- Christians in the Ottoman Near East --- the Ottoman legal system and the family --- freedom and slavery --- family and sexuality --- the postclassical Ottoman empire --- decentralization --- commercialization --- incorporation --- new political institutions --- the Arab provinces under Ottoman rule --- the Safavid Empire --- the reign of Shah 'Abbas --- the conversion of Iran to Shi'ism --- state and religion in the late Safavid Iran --- the dissolution of the Safavid Empire --- the Delhi sultanates --- the Mughal Empire --- the varieties of Indian Islam --- Indian culture --- Aurangzeb --- the international economy and the British Indian Empire --- the Mongol conquests --- Turkestan --- Transoxania --- Khwarizm --- Farghana --- Eastern Turkestan --- China --- Islamic societies in Southeast Asia --- Pre-Islamic Southeast Asia --- Java --- the 'ulama --- the crisis of imperialism and Islam on Java --- Aceh --- Malaya --- Minangkabau --- Islam in Africa --- colonialism --- Islam in Sudanic Africa --- Islam in savannah Africa --- Islam in forest West Africa --- the kingdoms of the Western Sudan --- Mali --- Songhay --- the central Sudan --- Kanem --- Bornu --- Hausaland --- non-state Muslim communities in West Africa --- Zawaya lineages --- the Kunta --- missionaries --- Senegambia --- the West African jihads --- the Senegambian jihads --- 'Uthman don Fodio and the Sokoto Caliphate --- the jihad of al-Hajj 'Umar --- jihad and conversion --- Islam in East Africa and the European colonial empires --- Darfur --- Swahili Islam --- Ethiopia --- Somalia --- Central Africa --- colonialism and the defeat of Muslim expansion --- the Muslim world --- The Mediterranean --- the Indian Ocean --- the rise of Europe and the world economy --- European trade --- naval power --- European imperialism --- modernity --- the transformation of Islamic societies --- Islamic reformism --- Islamic modernism --- nationalism --- the contemporary Islamic revival --- nationalism and Islam in the Middle East --- the modernization of Turkey --- the partition of the Ottoman Empire --- Ottoman reform --- World War I --- Republican Turkey --- the Turkish Republic under Ataturk --- the post-World War II Turkish Republic --- Islam in Turkish politics --- the AKP --- Qajar Iran --- the Pahlavi era --- revolution --- the Islamic Republic --- secularism and Islamic modernity --- British colonial rule --- the Nasser era --- Sadat and Mubarak --- secular opposition movements --- the Arab East --- Arabism --- military states --- the rise of Arab nationalism --- Arabism and Arab states in the colonial period --- Lebanon --- Transjordan and Jordan --- the Palestinian movement and the struggle for Palestine --- Zionism --- the Palestinian movement and Israel --- the Arabian peninsula --- Yemen --- union of the two Yemens --- Saudi Arabia --- political and religious opposition --- foreign policy --- the Gulf States --- Oman --- Kuwait --- Bahrain --- Qatar --- United Arab Emirates --- France --- Algerian resistance --- the Algerian revolution --- independent Algeria --- independent Tunisia --- independent Morocco --- Libya --- Islam in state ideologies and opposition movements --- women in the Middle East --- changes in family law --- women's secular education --- labor and social and political activism --- Post-World War II Arab states --- Islamism and feminism --- Islam and secularism in Central and Southern Asia --- Russia --- the Caucasus --- Tsarist rule --- the jadid movement --- the formation of the Soviet Union --- Soviet modernization --- Post-Soviet Russia --- Azarbayjan --- the Muslims of China --- the Indian subcontinent --- Pakistan --- Afghanistan --- Bangladesh --- the partition of the Indian subcontinent --- Muslim militance --- Plassey --- the Pakistan movement --- the Muslims of post-Partition India --- Indonesia --- Malaysia --- the Philippines --- Dutch rule and economic development in the Indies --- Southeast Asian responses to Dutch rule --- Islamic traditionalism --- the priyayi --- the merchant elites --- Islamic and secular nationalist political parties --- the Indonesian Republic --- Sukarno --- a secular Indonesia --- the Suharto regime --- Indonesian Islam --- British Malaysia and independent Malaysia --- the Malaysian state and Islam in a multiethnic society --- Mauritania --- Senegal --- Nigeria --- military rule --- civil war --- Eritrea --- Swahili East Africa --- Zanzibar --- Tanzania --- Kenya --- Uganda --- universal Islam and African diversity --- Islam in the West --- the United States --- American converts --- Muslim identity issues in the United States --- Canada --- Eastern Europe --- Bosnia and Yugoslavia --- Albania --- Bulgaria --- Western Europe --- immigrant identities in Europe --- immigrant status --- Britain --- Germany --- Sweden --- Netherlands --- the anti-immigrant reaction --- secularized Islam --- Islamic revival --- pre-modern Islamic societies --- religious revival --- transnational Islam --- Islamism and political action --- the relations between states and Islamic societies --- Islamic and neo-Islamic states --- secularized states with Islamic identities --- secularized states and Islamic opposition --- Islamic national societies in Southeast Asia --- Muslims as political minorities