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The results of more than fifty years of peacekeeping operations—ranging from diplomatic efforts to so-called peace enforcement (the use of military force)—have made it clear that a new international political capability is required to adequately manage internal conflicts. That capability, peace- maintenance, is introduced and explored in this seminal work. Varying in degree of engagement between governorship, control, partnership, and assistance, peace- maintenance is conceived as an interim authority that, in conjunction with local populations, represents the exercise of political authority within nations by the international community as a whole. The authors at once debate the legitimacy and effectiveness of peace-maintenance and clearly explain the dimensions and requirements of successful operations. Theoretical doctrine and practical experience are integrated in chapters on establishing political authority, organizing civil administration, reestablishing law and order, asserting humanitarianism, providing military security, and local acceptance of external authority. The result is both a review of past missions and a dialogue about the current and future politics of peace-maintenance.
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Although the idea of postconflict peacebuilding appeared to hold great promise after the end of the Cold War, within a very few years the opportunities for peacebuilding seemed to pale beside the obstacles to it. This volume examines the successes and failures of large-scale interventions to build peace in El Salvador, Cambodia, Haiti, Somalia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The authors shed light on the unique conditions for and constraints on peacebuilding in each country and examine the quality and coherence of international responses. Arguing that the defining priority of peacebuilding initiatives should be the development of authoritative, legitimate political mechanisms to resolve internal conflicts without violence, they present "peacebuilding as politics" as an effective organizing principle for determining the best range, timing, and priorities of international action.
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This comparative study assesses the causes—and consequences—of failures to fulfill pledges of aid to postconflict societies. In each of six case studies, the coauthors (drawn from both donor states and recipient countries), evaluate multilateral efforts to support sustainable recovery and peacebuilding in societies emerging from protracted violence. They first establish the timing, composition, and objectives of aid pledged by the donor community. They then analyze the conditions that donors placed on their assistance, the mechanisms they created to coordinate it, and donor performance in delivering it. Next, they evaluate the recipient's ability to absorb external assistance and the impact that this aid has had for reconstruction and peacebuilding goals. Finally, they assess the causes, consequences, and lessons of any gaps between pledges and disbursements. What explains shortfalls in aid disbursement? And what do these recent experiences suggest for improving the multilateral design, mobilization, and coordination of assistance to postconflict societies? Good intentions notwithstanding, inadequate preparation, poor coordination, and lack of perseverance can threaten the recovery of vulnerable polities whose collapse would endanger regional peace and security.
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When the Dayton peace agreement was signed in 1995, there were expectations among the signatories, the Bosnian population, and the international community alike that the pact would not only end conflict among Bosnia's three armies, but also establish a political and social foundation for more robust peace. Recognizing that the latter goal—incorporating political reform and democratization, consolidating a multiethnic state, and economic reconstruction and development—remains significantly unmet, Cousens and Cater explore the reasons for the only limited success. Was the agreement fundamentally flawed, or is the disappointing progress more attributable to weaknesses in implementation? Does the fault lie outside the country, or with the Bosnians themselves? Considering these and other questions, the authors examine the choices made, as well as the constraints faced, by those seeking a lasting peace in Bosnia.
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A distillation of practical, illustrative, and creative approaches that aid practitioners can adapt in specific conflict arenas.
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The authors analyze institutional mechanisms in the United Nations and in regional organizations that exist to deal with threats to peace, and also examine what the U.S. response should be to the evolving opportunity to strengthen collective security.
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Fully revised to reflect the realities of the post-Cold War era, this standard curricular reference includes introductory essays reviewing current intellectual and pedagogical themes in the field of peace and world security studies; shorter essays on course design and curricular developments in particular subfields; and examples of outstanding, classroom tested syllabuses.
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Staley examines various regional maritime challenges confronting the UN, describes several organizational models from which planners might extract important lessons, and recommends specific steps toward the establishment of a UN Maritime Agency.
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The authors analyze the tensions between economic policy and peace building in El Salvador and draw lessons for postconflict transitions elsewhere.
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Unique in its breadth and depth of coverage, the Annual Review of Global Peace Operations presents the most detailed collection of data on peace operations—those launched by the UN, by regional organizations, by coalitions, and by individual nations—that is available. Features of the 2007 volume include an introductory essay on the priorities and processes crucial to consolidating peace in postconflict environments, incisive analyses of all peacekeeping missions on the ground in 2006, in-depth explorations of key missions and trends, focusing on those operations that have faced significant challenges or undergone major developments during the year, and extensive illustrative graphs, charts, tables, and photographs.
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