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This book presents experimental studies on emergent transport and magneto-optical properties in three-dimensional topological insulators with two-dimensional Dirac fermions on their surfaces. Designing magnetic heterostructures utilizing a cutting-edge growth technique (molecular beam epitaxy) stabilizes and manifests new quantization phenomena, as confirmed by low-temperature electrical transport and time-domain terahertz magneto-optical measurements. Starting with a review of the theoretical background and recent experimental advances in topological insulators in terms of a novel magneto-electric coupling, the author subsequently explores their magnetic quantum properties and reveals topological phase transitions between quantum anomalous Hall insulator and trivial insulator phases; a new topological phase (the axion insulator); and a half-integer quantum Hall state associated with the quantum parity anomaly. Furthermore, the author shows how these quantum phases can be significantly stabilized via magnetic modulation doping and proximity coupling with a normal ferromagnetic insulator. These findings provide a basis for future technologies such as ultra-low energy consumption electronic devices and fault-tolerant topological quantum computers.

Magnetooptics. --- Topological insulators. --- Insulators, Topological --- Electric insulators and insulation --- Electronic apparatus and appliances --- Magneto-optical effects --- Magneto-optics --- Magnetooptical effects --- Optical phenomena, Influence of magnetism on --- Optics --- Materials

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Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Electricity & Magnetism --- Magnetic materials --- Magnetooptics --- Metallic oxides --- Nanostructured materials --- Thin films --- Materials --- Magnetic properties --- Congresses --- Optics. --- Electrodynamics. --- Materials science. --- Magnetism. --- Magnetic materials. --- Microwaves. --- Optical engineering. --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Classical Electrodynamics. --- Materials Science, general. --- Magnetism, Magnetic Materials. --- Microwaves, RF and Optical Engineering. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Characterization and Evaluation of Materials. --- Mechanical engineering --- Hertzian waves --- Electric waves --- Electromagnetic waves --- Geomagnetic micropulsations --- Radio waves --- Shortwave radio --- Mathematical physics --- Electricity --- Magnetics --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Light --- New optics --- Optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Magneto-optical effects --- Magneto-optics --- Magnetooptical effects --- Optical phenomena, Influence of magnetism on --- Metal oxides --- Metals --- Oxides --- Nanomaterials --- Nanometer materials --- Nanophase materials --- Nanostructure controlled materials --- Nanostructure materials --- Ultra-fine microstructure materials --- Microstructure --- Nanotechnology --- Magnetic properties. --- Ferrites --- Nanocrystals --- Perovskites-type crystals --- Ultrathin films --- Magnetooptics. --- Nanostructured materials.