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The original people of the Hudson Bay lowlands, often known as the Lowland Cree and known to themselves as Muskekowuck Athinuwick, were among the first Aboriginal peoples in northwestern North America to come into contact with Europeans. This book challenges long-held misconceptions about the Lowland Cree, and illustrates how historians have often misunderstood the role and resourcefulness of Aboriginal peoples during the fur-trade era. Although their own oral histories tell that the Lowland Cree have lived in the region for thousands of years, many historians have portrayed the Lowland Cree as relative newcomers who were dependent on the Hudson's Bay Company fur-traders by the 1700s. Historical geographer Victor Lytwyn shows instead that the Lowland Cree had a well-established traditional society that, far from being dependent on Europeans, was instrumental in the survival of traders throughout the network of HBC forts during the 18th and 19th centuries.

Hudson's Bay Company --- North West Company --- Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson --- Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- Governor and Company of Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- Governour and Company of Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- HBC --- Hudson Bay Company --- Hudson Bay Fur Company --- Hudson's Bay Fur Company --- History.

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The twenty-five years between 1821 and 1846 were turbulent but important years in the history of the fur trade in the Pacific Northwest: 1821 saw the merger of the Hudson's Bay Company and the North West Company, and 1846 saw the signing of the Oregon Treaty, which established the Canada-U.S. border. Archibald McDonald was a man who experienced these changes first hand. As a senior HBC officer, he was sent to the Columbia District headquarters at Fort George in 1821 to oversee the recently absorbed NWC posts and assets. After the merger, McDonald went on to direct operations at Thompson River (1826-28), Fort Langley (1828-33), and Fort Colvile (1833-44). During his tenure in the Pacific Northwest, letters were McDonald's only link with the outside world. Collected here for the first time by Jean Murray Cole, these public and private letters to friends, business colleagues, missionaries, botanists, and many others provide a fascinating narrative of the expansion of the fur trade at a critical time in its history. McDonald's witty and ironic style make these informative letters highly readable and entertaining. They are an invaluable primary resource for historians of the fur trade and the Pacific Northwest, anthropologists, geographers, and specialists in native studies. More general readers will be fascinated by these amusing snapshots of early settlement in the Pacific Northwest.

Fur trade --- Fur traders --- Traders, Fur --- Voyageurs (Fur trade) --- Furriers --- Clothing trade --- Trapping --- History --- McDonald, Archibald, --- Hudson's Bay Company --- North West Company --- Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson --- Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- Governor and Company of Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- Governour and Company of Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- HBC --- Hudson Bay Company --- Hudson Bay Fur Company --- Hudson's Bay Fur Company --- Northwest, Canadian --- Canadian Northwest --- West (Canada) --- Canada, Western

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History of the fur trade at this Quebec post.

Fur trade --- Furriers --- Clothing trade --- Trapping --- Hudson's Bay Company. --- North West Company --- Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson --- Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- Governor and Company of Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- Governour and Company of Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- HBC --- Hudson Bay Company --- Hudson Bay Fur Company --- Hudson's Bay Fur Company --- Timiskaming, Lake, Region --- Fort Timiskaming (Que.) --- History.

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Indians of North America --- Indiens d'Amérique --- Hudson's Bay Company. --- Jesuits --- Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson. --- Jésuites --- Missions. --- Oregon --- History --- Histoire --- Compagnie de Jésus --- Compañia de Jesus --- Gesellschaft Jesu --- Jesuitas --- Jesuiten --- Jesuiti --- Jezuïten --- Jésuites --- Paters Jezuïten --- Societeit van Jezus --- Society of Jesus --- イエズス会 --- カトリック イエズス会 --- Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson --- Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- Governor and Company of Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- Governour and Company of Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- HBC --- Hudson Bay Company --- Hudson Bay Fur Company --- Hudson's Bay Fur Company --- North West Company --- Indigenous peoples --- Autochtones

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Over a three-year period from 1837 to 1939, operating from a base-camp at Fort Confidence on Great Bear Lake, the expedition achieved its goal. Despite serious problems with sea ice, Dease and Simpson, in some of the longest small-boat voyages in the history of the Arctic, mapped the remaining gaps in a model operation of efficient, economical, and safe exploration. Thomas Simpson's narrative, the standard source on the expedition, claimed the expedition's success for himself, stating "Dease is a worthy, indolent, illiterate soul, and moves just as I give the impulse." In From Barrow to Boothia William Barr shows that Dease's contribution was absolutely crucial to the expedition's success and makes Dease's sober, sensible, and modest account of the expedition available. Dease's journal, reproduced in full, is supplemented by a brief introduction to each section and detailed annotations that clarify and elaborate the text. By including relevant correspondence to and from expedition members, Barr captures the original words of the participants, offering insights into the character of both Dease and Simpson and making clear what really happened on this successful expedition.

Explorers --- Cartographers --- Cartography --- Cartography, Primitive --- Chartography --- Map-making --- Mapmaking --- Mapping (Cartography) --- Mathematical geography --- Surveying --- Map projection --- Maps --- Mapmakers --- Earth scientists --- Discoverers --- Navigators --- Voyagers --- Adventure and adventurers --- Heroes --- Discoveries in geography --- History --- Dease, Peter Warren --- Simpson, Thomas, --- Travel --- Hudson's Bay Company --- North West Company --- Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson --- Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- Governor and Company of Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- Governour and Company of Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay --- HBC --- Hudson Bay Company --- Hudson Bay Fur Company --- Hudson's Bay Fur Company --- Arctic Coast (Canada) --- Canada, Northern --- Arctic, Canadian --- Canadian Arctic --- Northern Canada --- Arctic regions --- Discovery and exploration.