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Le syndrome de l’intestin irritable (SII) est une pathologie très fréquemment rencontrée en médecine de première ligne. De nombreux patients font « le tour » des praticiens, cherchant des explications et solutions face à leurs plaintes digestives. Parfois, ils subissent une colonoscopie et s’entendent dire que tout est normal. Cette revue de la littérature vise à faire le point sur cette affection mal connue, afin de mieux la comprendre et ainsi de mieux la soigner. Selon de nombreuses sources, le diagnostic du SII est avant tout clinique. Il peut être attesté sur base de critères positifs et à condition qu’aucun « red flag » ne soit présent. Sa physiopathologie est complexe et comprend une association de facteurs intriqués entre eux : des anomalies de la mortalité intestinale, une hypersensibilité viscérale et une implication du « dialogue cerveau-intestin », une hyperperméabilité de la paroi intestinale, une dysbiose, une inflammation muqueuse de bas grade, une infection comme déclencheur des symptômes, une malabsorption des acides biliaires. Une bonne prise en charge repose sur une relation de confiance bien établie entre le praticien et son patient. Des troubles anxio-dépressifs doivent être recherchés et soignés. Ensuite, des mesures hygiéno-diététiques simples sont conseillées en première intention. Si celles-ci ne sont pas fructueuses, d’autres approches sont possibles mais non encore prouvées avec certitude par l’EBM : le régime pauvre en FODMAP’s (oligo, di, monosaccharides et polyols fermentables) en fait partie. Dans les cas réfractaires à la prise en charge nutritionnelle ou dans les situations sévères, un grand nombre de médicaments sont disponibles sur le marché et peuvent être utilisés en fonction de la symptomatologie du patient. Tous ne sont pas validés par la littérature et on manque bien souvent de connaissance quant à leur efficacité et leur innocuité à long terme. Pour cette raison, utilisons-les à bon escient et avec précaution.

Healthy Lifestyle --- Irritable Bowel Syndrome --- General Practice

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Cardiovascular Diseases --- Cardiac Rehabilitation --- Health Behavior --- Healthy Lifestyle --- prevention & control --- methods

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Dental Caries --- Health Behavior --- Behavior, Health --- Behaviors, Health --- Health Behaviors --- Healthy Lifestyle --- Health Promotion --- Life Style --- ethnology. --- epidemiology. --- Theses --- ethnology --- epidemiology

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Outside back cover :"Integrative geriatrics is a new field of medicine that advocates for a whole-person, patient-centered, primarily non-pharmacological approach to medical care of the elderly. Most current geriatric practices overprescribe medications and procedures and underutilize non-pharmacological, low-cost, high-touch methods. Patients, however, often show reluctance towards these standard practices, as the interventions they rely upon are often invasive. The practice of integrative geriatrics is rooted in lifestyle interventions, such as nutrition, movement therapies, and mind-body and spirituality approaches, that allow patients to have different path to their healthcare-one that utilizes pharmaceuticals and invasive procedures only when safer integrative approaches are not available or not effective. This first definitive textbook of this new field presents detailed, evidence-based information for all healthcare providers and advocates who work with the geriatric population. It is intended not only for providers in outpatient settings, but also for those who work in nursing homes, assisted and independent living facilities, and senior community centers. In addition, Integrative Geriatric Medicine will provide valuable information for leaders and politicians who are involved with implementing policies and procedures for care of elderly patients looking for safer, less costly, and more patient-centered approaches."

Geriatrics --- Integrative Medicine --- Aging --- Patient-Centered Care --- Healthy Lifestyle --- methods --- physiology --- Gériatrie --- Maladies --- Personnes âgées --- Médecine intégrative --- Effets de l'âge --- Physiologie --- Healthy Lifestyle. --- methods. --- physiology. --- Integrative Medicine. --- Patient-Centered Care. --- Physiologie. --- Gériatrie. --- Médecine intégrative. --- Effets de l'âge. --- Maladies. --- Geriatrics - methods --- Aging - physiology

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Omega-3s, trans-fats, polyunsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acidùresearch facts about fatty acids and their relationship to heart disease and atherosclerosis, obesity, cancer, and neurological disorders abound. Chemical names appear on every nutrition label. But, just what do these terms mean in health and disease? The Fats of Life delineates the importance of essential fatty acids, with a focus on distinctions between omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid variants. The chemical and biochemical characteristics of these fatty acids and their metabolism to a vast array of potent bioactive messengers are described in the context of their potential effects on general health and impact on various diseases and neurological disorders. Glen D. Lawrence addresses in detail the capacity for polyunsaturated fatty acids to influence asthma, atherosclerosis, heart disease, inflammation, cancer, and immunity. Lawrence makes clear that our understanding of the biochemical and physiological effects of dietary fats has advanced tremendously as a result of careful research, but he also stresses that this knowledge has not easily translated into sound dietary recommendations.

Nervous System --- Health Behavior. --- Dietary Fats --- Diet. --- Fatty Acids, Essential --- Essential fatty acids --- Fatty acids in human nutrition. --- Fatty acids, Essential --- Vitamin F --- Unsaturated fatty acids --- Nutrition --- Diets --- Food --- Nutritional Physiological Phenomena --- Health-Related Behavior --- Behavior, Health --- Behavior, Health-Related --- Behaviors, Health --- Behaviors, Health-Related --- Health Behaviors --- Health Related Behavior --- Health-Related Behaviors --- Healthy Lifestyle --- Health Promotion --- Life Style --- metabolism. --- Physiological effect.