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This is the first volume in the new COSPAR Colloquia series which will provide a forum for an in-depth discussion on selective topics of importance to the international community. The International Heliospheric Study (IHS) was initially approved by COSPAR in 1982 when it was anticipated that the study would centre on the ESA/NASA Ulysses spacecraft. This mission was delayed until October 1990, but it was decided to commence the study in 1986 in order to exploit the existence of the Pioneer 10 and 11 and the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft in the outer heliosphere. The primary purpose of Physics of

Heliosphere (Astrophysics) --- Astrophysics --- Solar wind --- Interstellar matter --- Galactic cosmic rays

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This book addresses three “hot” topics concerning the general problem of the origin of Galactic cosmic rays, namely (1) the acceleration, propagation, and radiation of particles in supernova remnants; (2) very high energy neutrinos from the Galactic Center; and (3) the potential held by the next-generation gamma-ray and neutrino detectors CTA and KM3NeT for studying extended non-thermal sources in the Galaxy. The topics are intrinsically connected to determining the nature (“hadronic or leptonic?”) of gamma-ray emissions from young and middle-aged supernova remnants and the search for cosmic-ray PeVatrons. The results and conclusions provided here are based on extensive analytical and numerical simulations, which are formulated and presented in a straightforward format that can be readily used in the interpretations of gamma-ray and neutrino observations, as well as for confident predictions for future measurements.

Astrophysics. --- Galactic cosmic rays. --- Cosmic rays --- Galaxies --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles.

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The eleventh COSPAR colloquium The Outer Heliosphere: The Next Frontiers was held in Potsdam, Germany, from 24-28 July, 2000, and is the second dedicated to this subject after the first one held in Warsaw, Poland in 1989.Roughly a century has passed after the first ideas by Oliver Lodge, George Francis Fitzgerald and Kristan Birkeland about particle clouds emanating from the Sun and interacting with the Earth environment. Only a few decades after the formulation of the concepts of a continuous solar corpuscular radiation by Ludwig Bierman and a solar wind by Eugene Parker, heliospheric phy

Heliosphere (Astrophysics) --- Solar wind --- Interstellar matter --- Galactic cosmic rays --- Cosmic rays --- Galaxies

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There is the conjuncture that 2012 is a special year in the history of physics, that cannot go unobserved without celebration: 100 years of cosmic ray discovery, the 75th anniversary of Muon discovery and 70 years of the discovery of relativistic solar particles (Ground Level Enhancements). Several symposiums have been held in this regard, among which can be mentioned is that of the one held in Pollau, Austria in May 2012. There is need of a book that pays homage to these historical discoveries. The aim of this book is to collect some typical papers written for researchers of the international

Cosmic rays. --- Solar cosmic rays. --- Cosmic rays --- Millikan rays --- Extraterrestrial radiation --- Ionizing radiation --- Nuclear physics --- Radioactivity --- Space environment --- Galactic cosmic rays --- Solar radiation --- Research --- History.

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Solar cosmic rays. --- Climatic changes --- Plasma dynamics. --- Cosmic rays. --- Millikan rays --- Extraterrestrial radiation --- Ionizing radiation --- Nuclear physics --- Radioactivity --- Space environment --- Snowplow effect --- Dynamics --- Plasma (Ionized gases) --- Magnetohydrodynamics --- Solar activity --- Cosmic rays --- Galactic cosmic rays --- Solar radiation --- Effect of solar activity on.