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Expert systems (Computer science)

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"The primary challenge in dependable distributed computing is the difficulty in achieving distributed consensus. Traditional consensus algorithms all depend on the knowledge of a membership and rely on multi-round voting, which are inevitably highly complex and non-scalable. Bitcoin completely abandoned the traditional approach by converting the leader election into a stochastic process where mining nodes compete to solve a puzzle and the one who solves the puzzle would proceed to creating the next block. Because the consensus is achieved probabilistically, it is unavoidable that sometimes two or more blocks are created at the same block height, in which case, nodes would follow a conflict resolution rule, where the branch that has the most cumulative difficulty would be selected as the main chain. This new way of reaching consensus opened the door for building large-scale systems that use consensus as their basis for operation. A few years later in 2015, Ethereum became the first platform that supports Turing-complete computing using smart contract, which made it possible to develop arbitrary complex decentralized applications. This book will explain in depth how blockchain consensus works and how the blockchain technology could be used to develop secure and dependable systems."--

Electronic data processing --- Blockchains (Databases) --- Distributed processing.

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In the last decade, we have witnessed the rapid development of electronic technologies that are transforming our daily lives. Such technologies are often integrated with various sensors that facilitate the collection of human motion and physiological data and are equipped with wireless communication modules such as Bluetooth, radio frequency identification, and near-field communication. In smart healthcare applications, designing ergonomic and intuitive human–computer interfaces is crucial because a system that is not easy to use will create a huge obstacle to adoption and may significantly reduce the efficacy of the solution. Signal and data processing is another important consideration in smart healthcare applications because it must ensure high accuracy with a high level of confidence in order for the applications to be useful for clinicians in making diagnosis and treatment decisions. This Special Issue is a collection of 10 articles selected from a total of 26 contributions. These contributions span the areas of signal processing and smart healthcare systems mostly contributed by authors from Europe, including Italy, Spain, France, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, and Netherlands. Authors from China, Korea, Taiwan, Indonesia, and Ecuador are also included.

smart homes --- Internet of Things (IoT) --- Wi-Fi --- human monitoring --- behavioral analysis --- ambient assisted living --- intelligent luminaires --- wireless sensor network --- indoor localisation --- indoor monitoring --- Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) --- CUDA --- OpenMP --- OpenCL --- K-means --- brain cancer detection --- hyperspectral imaging --- unsupervised clustering --- impaired sensor --- Structural Health Monitoring --- Time of Flight --- subharmonics --- Cascaded-Integrator-Comb (CIC) filter --- FPGA --- fixed point math --- data adaptive demodulator --- motion estimation --- inertial sensors --- simulation --- spline function --- Kalman filter --- eHealth --- software engineering --- gesture recognition --- Dynamic Time Warping --- Hidden Markov Model --- usability --- Cramér–Rao lower bound (CRLB) --- human motion --- Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) --- Time of Arrival (TOA) --- wearable sensors --- endothelial dysfunction --- photoplethysmography --- machine learning --- computer-assisted screening --- sleep pose recognition --- keypoints feature matching --- Bayesian inference --- near-infrared images --- scale invariant feature transform --- heartbeat classification --- arrhythmia --- denoising autoencoder --- autoencoder --- deep learning --- auditory perception --- biometrics --- computer vision --- web control access --- web security --- human–computer interaction --- n/a --- Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) --- human-computer interaction

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Electronic engineering and design innovation are both academic and practical engineering fields that involve systematic technological materialization through scientific principles and engineering designs. Technological innovation via electronic engineering includes electrical circuits and devices, computer science and engineering, communications and information processing, and electrical engineering communications. The Special Issue selected excellent papers presented at the International Conference on Knowledge Innovation and Invention 2018 (IEEE ICKII 2018) on the topic of electronics and their applications. This conference was held on Jeju Island, South Korea, 23-27 July 2018, and it provided a unified communication platform for researchers from all over the world. The main goal of this Special Issue titled "Selected papers from IEEE ICKII 2018" is to discover new scientific knowledge relevant to the topic of electronics and their applications.

n/a --- bandpass filter --- total harmonic distortion (THD) --- long short term memory (LSTM) --- integrated passive device --- intertwined spiral inductor --- global navigation satellite system (GNSS) --- hardware in the loop (HIL) --- interdigital capacitor --- inertial navigation system (INS) --- finite-time convergence control (FTCC) --- digital speckle correlation measurement method --- discrete grey prediction model (DGPM) --- interior permanent magnet synchronous motor --- fuzzy logic --- full pixel search algorithm --- maximum torque per voltage (MTPV) --- spiral capacitor --- gated recurrent unit (GRU) --- chattering --- microelectronics system (MEMS) --- field weakening --- maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) --- hardware implementation --- AC power supply

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Recent Developments in Smart Healthcare

health IT --- human-computer interaction --- Machine learning --- smart medicine --- smart healthcare --- emotion recognition --- public health --- pattern recognition