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Only recently has Egyptology begun to critically examine its history in the first half of the 20th century. This book presents major contributions that analyze the interplay of personal biographies and political history, ideologies and academic scholarship between the First World War and the Third Reich. Peter Raulwing and Thomas Gertzen study the political activism of Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Bissing, professor of Egyptology at the University of Munich and art collector, during and after the First World War. Thomas Schneider's contribution is the first comprehensive treatment of the biographies of German and Austrian Egyptologists in the time of National Socialism and their careers after 1945, with remarks on the relationship between Egyptological scholarship and Nazi ideology. Lindsay Ambridge analyzes the scholarship of James Henry Breasted, the patron of North American Egyptology, in the context of racial ideologies of the early 20th century. A concluding chapter by Peter Raulwing, added after the death of Manfred Mayrhofer, patron of the study of Indo-Aryans in the Ancient Near East, reflects on the 20th century ideological and academic interest in the question of Indo-Aryans in the Ancient Near East. In the introductory chapter, Edmund Meltzer places these studies and their significance in the wider context of Egyptological and historiographical scholarship. '...this book makes a significant contribution to exploring a dark chapter in Egyptology's history as a discipline and an important step in understanding the effect that period had on the academic community.' Edward Mushett Cole, University of Birmingham

Egyptology --- Egyptologists --- National socialism and scholarship. --- History --- Philosophy --- Political aspects --- Germany --- Intellectual life --- Politics and government

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This collection of papers is primarily concerned with transport by wheeled vehicle in antiquity. They shed much light on the construction of the vehicles, the ways their draught animals were harnessed and controlled, and the uses to which the equipages were put. The evidence discussed includes actual remains of vehicles and bridles, as well as figured and textual documents. Ridden animals and their gear also feature in this collection of papers. The Selected Writings of Mary B. Littauer and Joost H. Crouwel are important for all those interested in the cultures of the ancient Near East, Egypt and Cyprus and of Bronze Age Greece.

Chariots --- Horse-drawn vehicles --- History. --- -Horse-drawn vehicles --- -Horse-powered vehicles --- Horsedrawn vehicles --- Vehicles --- History --- -History --- Horse-powered vehicles

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This volume of essays honours Joost Crouwel, a leading expert on wheeled transport in antiquity. The editors and contributors are internationally acclaimed specialists, who share their ideas, observations, and research by exploring the many facets associated with chariots: their equipment, horses and harnesses, cultural exchanges, iconography, and the outlook of the people who rode in them. The topics represent many areas of expertise: art historians, archaeologists, and linguists from Taiwan, Russia, Ukraine, Germany, Kazakhstan, Canada and the USA, a master wheelwright, a horse expert from the UK. Their specialist essays make an innovative and wide-ranging contribution to research across a wide spectrum of interests and areas of the ancient world. The contributions showcase diverse ways in which early chariots were utilised across Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe/Central Asia, East Asia, Anatolia, the ancient Near East and Egypt. Notably, there is a time span of over 700 years separating the earliest occurrences of innovations in East Europe from those in East Asia. The book explores a wide range of technological solutions employed in the construction of these chariots as well as the history of chariotry. By presenting new insights into the chronological evolution, contextual occurrences, and manufacturing techniques of early chariots, this volume serves as a companion to Equids and Wheeled Vehicles in the Ancient World: Essays in Memory of Mary A. Littauer (BAR Publishing, 2019) edited by Peter Raulwing, Katheryn M. Linduff and Joost H. Crouwel.

Chariots --- Carriages and carts --- Horses --- History