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Known for their striking full-body tattoos and severed fingertips, Japan's gangsters comprise a criminal class eighty thousand strong--more than four times the size of the American Mafia. Despite their criminal nature, the yakuza are accepted by fellow Japanese to a degree guaranteed to shock most Westerners. Here is the first book to reveal the extraordinary reach of Japan's Mafia. Originally published in 1986, 'Yakuza 'was so controversial in Japan that it could not be published there for five years. But in the West it has long served as the standard reference on Japanese organized crime, inspiring novels, screenplays, and criminal investigations. David E. Kaplan and Alec Dubro spent nearly two decades conducting hundreds of interviews with everyone from street-level hoodlums and police to Japan's most powerful godfathers. The result is a searing indictment of corruption in the world's second-largest economy. This updated, expanded, and thoroughly revised edition of 'Yakuza 'tells the full story of Japan's remarkable crime syndicates, from their feudal start as bands of medieval outlaws to their emergence as billion-dollar investors in real estate, big business, art, and more.

Crime --- Gangs --- Organized crime --- Yakuza --- History --- History. --- Crime syndicates --- Organised crime --- Crews (Gangs) --- Street gangs --- Teen gangs --- Teenage gangs --- Criminals --- Juvenile delinquents --- Hoodlums --- J4237 --- Japan: Sociology and anthropology -- social pathology -- yakuza, gangsters and mobsters

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Criminal law. Criminal procedure --- Japan

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Crime --- -Gangs --- -Organized crime --- -Yakuza --- Yakuza --- History

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Out of the discussions surrounding a 1992 symposium on the role of research in transforming South Africa, the democratic movement requested that IDRC support a mission on science and technology (S&T) policy. The Mission was seen as a first step in promoting a national debate on this long-neglected issue.

Science and state. --- Research --- Technology and state. --- State and technology --- Technology --- Endowment of research --- Science and state --- Science --- Science policy --- State and science --- State, The --- Government policy --- South Africa. --- Africa, South