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This paper utilizes information from the 2015 Nigeria National Water and Sanitation Survey to identify the extent, timing, as well as reasons for the failure of water points. The paper finds that more than 38 percent of all improved water points are nonfunctional. The results indicate that nearly 27 percent of the water points are likely to fail in the first year of construction, while nearly 40 percent are likely to fail in the long run (after 8-10 years). The paper considers the reasons behind these failures, looking at whether they can or cannot be controlled. During the first year, a water point's location-the political region and underlying hydrogeology-has the greatest impact on functionality. Other factors-specifically, those that can be controlled in the design, implementation, and operational stages-also contribute significantly. As water points age, their likelihood of failure is best predicted by factors that cannot be modified, as well as by the technology used. The paper concludes that, to improve the sustainability of water points, much can be done at the design, implementation, and operational stages. Over time, technology upgrades are important.
Access To Water --- Drinking Water --- Engineering --- Environment --- Environmental Engineering --- Health and Sanitation --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Hydrology --- Inequality --- Poverty Reduction --- Rural & Small Town Water & Sanitation --- Rural Development --- Rural Water --- Rural Water Supply and Sanitation --- Safe Water Supply --- Sanitary Environmental Engineering --- Sanitation and Sewerage --- Science and Technology Development --- Small Private Water Supply Providers --- Town Water Supply and Sanitation --- Water & Human Health --- Water And Sanitation --- Water Resources --- Water Schemes --- Water Supply and Sanitation --- Water Supply and Sanitation Economics
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This paper utilizes information from the 2015 Nigeria National Water and Sanitation Survey to identify the extent and timing of the failure of water schemes in the country and the factors affecting it. Around 46 percent of all the water schemes in Nigeria are nonfunctional, and approximately 30 percent are likely to fail in the first year. The results indicate that during the first year of operation, factors that can be controlled in the design, implementation, and operational stages contribute to the failure of 61 percent of the water schemes. As water schemes age, their likelihood of failure is best predicted by factors that cannot be modified. The influence of operational factors, such as repairs and maintenance, decreases slightly over time.
Environment --- Environmental Engineering --- Functionality --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Poverty Reduction --- Repairs --- Sanitation --- Sanitation and Sewerage --- Water --- Water Resources --- Water Schemes --- Water Supply and Sanitation Economics
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