Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This paper investigates the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on economic growth across developing countries. It documents the evolution and co-movement of COVID-19 infections with government responses (including health containment measures) across developing countries. It then estimates the impact of the different channels of transmission of COVID-19 on economic growth-thus, identifying factors that contribute to the economic resilience of countries during the pandemic shocks. The findings show that the pandemic's impact on the decline in growth was substantive across the different developing country groups-although at different rates. The estimates show that a deeper downturn in economic activity due to the pandemic can be averted in countries with higher levels of human capital, well-targeted containment measures, and improved global health security. Diversifying trade patterns (across products and markets) is also crucial, and so is strengthening intraregional trade, as higher commerce across borders within the different developing regions may help secure the supply chains of essential goods in times of crisis-and particularly during pandemics. Finally, having fiscal space and a less risky public debt profile can make these economies more resilient against crisis.

Containment --- Coronavirus --- Covid-19 --- Disease Control and Prevention --- Economic Growth --- Fiscal Space --- Growth Drivers --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- International Economics and Trade --- International Trade and Trade Rules --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Pandemic Impact

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This paper finds empirical evidence that faster and smarter containment measures were associated with lower fiscal responses to the COVID-19 shock. We also find that initial conditions, such as fiscal space, income, health preparedness and budget transparency were important in shaping the amount and design of the COVID-19 fiscal response.

Turkey --- Macroeconomics --- Diseases: Contagious --- Health: General --- Health: Government Policy --- Regulation --- Public Health --- Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents: General --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Fiscal Policy --- Health Behavior --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Health economics --- Infectious & contagious diseases --- Health --- Fiscal space --- COVID-19 --- Fiscal performance assessment --- Income --- Fiscal policy --- National accounts --- Communicable diseases --- Covid-19

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This paper uses a novel macroeconomic framework to identify policy and financing options to help Rwanda achieve its sustainable development goals (SDGs). Under current policies, Rwanda would meet its SDGs right after 2050. Active policies that combine fiscal reforms and higher private sector participation could fulfill more than one third of Rwanda’s post-pandemic SDG financing gap, enabling the country to meet its SDG targets by 2040. For Rwanda to meet its SDGs by 2030, active policies would need to be complemented with about 13¾ percentage points of GDP in additional resources annually until then.

Rwanda --- Macroeconomics --- Economics: General --- Sustainable Development --- Diseases: Contagious --- Labor --- Foreign Exchange --- Informal Economy --- Underground Econom --- Health Behavior --- Human Capital --- Skills --- Occupational Choice --- Labor Productivity --- Fiscal Policy --- Education: General --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Economics of specific sectors --- Development economics & emerging economies --- Infectious & contagious diseases --- Labour --- income economics --- Education --- Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) --- Development --- COVID-19 --- Health --- Human capital --- Fiscal space --- Fiscal policy --- Currency crises --- Informal sector --- Economics --- Sustainable development --- Communicable diseases --- Covid-19 --- Income economics

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The paper analyzes the impact of natural disasters on per-capita GDP growth. Using a quantile regressions and growth-at-risk approach, the paper examines the impact of disasters and policy choices on the distribution of growth rather than simply its average. We find that countries that have in place disaster preparedness mechanisms and lower public debt have lower probability of witnessing a significant drop in growth as a consequence of a natural disaster, but our innovative methodology in this paper finds that the two policies are complements since their effectiveness vary across different disaster scenarios. While both are helpful for small to mid-size disasters, lower debt—and hence more fiscal space—is more beneficial in the face of very large disasters. A balanced strategy would thus involve both policies.

Climate --- Comparative or Joint Analysis of Fiscal and Monetary Policy --- Currency crises --- Debt Management --- Debt --- Debts, Public --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity: General --- Economics of specific sectors --- Economics --- Economics: General --- Environment --- Fiscal Policy --- Fiscal policy --- Fiscal space --- Global Warming --- Informal sector --- Macroeconomics --- National Budget, Deficit, and Debt: General --- Natural Disasters and Their Management --- Natural Disasters --- Natural disasters --- Public debt --- Public finance & taxation --- Public Finance --- Sovereign Debt --- Stabilization --- Treasury Policy --- Dominica

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Selected Issues.

Philippines --- Money and Monetary Policy --- International Economics --- Exports and Imports --- Public Finance --- Macroeconomics --- Diseases: Contagious --- Production and Operations Management --- Monetary Policy --- International Agreements and Observance --- International Organizations --- Current Account Adjustment --- Short-term Capital Movements --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Fiscal Policy --- Health Behavior --- Trade: General --- Monetary economics --- International institutions --- International economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Infectious & contagious diseases --- Economic growth --- Monetary policy --- International organization --- Current account balance --- Balance of payments --- Fiscal space --- Fiscal policy --- Public debt --- Current account --- COVID-19 --- Health --- International agencies --- Debts, Public --- Communicable diseases --- Recessions --- Covid-19