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Games and elections are fundamental activities in society with applications in economics, political science, and sociology. These topics offer familiar, current, and lively subjects for a course in mathematics. This classroom-tested textbook, primarily intended for a general education course in game theory at the freshman or sophomore level, provides an elementary treatment of games and elections: Starting with basics such as gambling, zero-sum and combinatorial games, Nash equilibria, social dilemmas, and fairness and impossibility theorems for elections, the text then goes further into the theory with accessible proofs of advanced topics such as the Sprague-Grundy theorem and Arrow's impossibility theorem; Uses an integrative approach to probability, game, and social choice theory; Provides a gentle introduction to the logic of mathematical proof, thus equipping readers with the necessary tools for further mathematical studies; Contains numerous exercises and examples of varying levels of difficulty; Requires only a high school mathematical background.
Game theory --- Games of chance (Mathematics) --- Mathematics
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Museology --- Graphic arts --- posters --- exhibitions [events] --- games of chance --- art collections --- portraits --- kansspelen --- kunstverzamelingen --- affiches --- portretten --- tentoonstellingen --- Bailly, Virginie --- Gogh, van, Vincent --- National Lottery [Brussels]
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Dieses Buch präsentiert die wichtigsten Modelle und Verfahren der Zeitreihenanalyse in einer für Studierende und Anwender leicht zugänglichen Form. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf dem Zeitbereich; speziell werden explorative Methoden, ARMA-Modelle mit ihren Erweiterungen, Prognosemethoden und Zeitreihenregressionen behandelt. Auch der Frequenzbereich wird vorgestellt. Weiter werden multivariate Zeitreihen, Zustandsraummodelle und Modelle für Heteroskedastizität behandelt.Die Methoden werden überwiegend anhand einfacher Situationen verdeutlicht und mittels zahlreicher realer Beispiele illustriert. Die Beispiele stammen aus den Bereichen Wirtschaftswissenschaften, Biologie, Geologie, Medizin und Meteorologie. Die umfassende Erfahrung des Autors auf dem Gebiet der Zeitreihenanalyse fließt an vielen Stellen in Form von Anwendungstipps ein. Dieser Text zur Zeitreihenanalyse ist der erste im deutschsprachigen Bereich, der auf der freien statistischen Programmierumgebung R basiert. In einem eigenen Kapitel wird eine kurze Einführung gegeben. Bei den Beispielen wird der zugehörige Code jeweils angegeben und kommentiert. Zudem enthält jedes Kapitel eine Übersicht über die entsprechenden R-Funktionen der verschiedenen R-Pakete. Die Neuauflage wurde akualisiert und unter anderem um ein Kapitel zu der Long-Memory-Prozessen erweitert.
Monte Carlo method. --- Spatial analysis (Statistics) --- Time-series analysis. --- Analysis of time series --- Autocorrelation (Statistics) --- Harmonic analysis --- Mathematical statistics --- Probabilities --- Analysis, Spatial (Statistics) --- Correlation (Statistics) --- Spatial systems --- Artificial sampling --- Model sampling --- Monte Carlo simulation --- Monte Carlo simulation method --- Stochastic sampling --- Games of chance (Mathematics) --- Mathematical models --- Numerical analysis --- Numerical calculations --- Stochastic processes
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This book provides a systematic introduction to the principles of microscopic imaging through tissue-like turbid media in terms of Monte-Carlo simulation. It describes various gating mechanisms based on the physical differences between the unscattered and scattered photons and method for microscopic image reconstruction, using the concept of the effective point spread function. Imaging an object embedded in a turbid medium is a challenging problem in physics as well as in biophotonics. A turbid medium surrounding an object under inspection causes multiple scattering, which degrades the contrast, resolution and signal-to-noise ratio. Biological tissues are typically turbid media. Microscopic imaging through a tissue-like turbid medium can provide higher resolution than transillumination imaging in which no objective is used. This book serves as a valuable reference for engineers and scientists working on microscopy of tissue turbid media.
Physics. --- Biophysics and Biological Physics. --- Solid State Physics. --- Spectroscopy and Microscopy. --- Life Sciences, general. --- Medical Microbiology. --- Medicine/Public Health, general. --- Microbiology. --- Medicine. --- Life sciences. --- Physique --- Microbiologie --- Médecine --- Sciences de la vie --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biophysics --- Microscopy. --- Imaging systems. --- Monte Carlo method. --- Artificial sampling --- Model sampling --- Monte Carlo simulation --- Monte Carlo simulation method --- Stochastic sampling --- Analysis, Microscopic --- Light microscopy --- Micrographic analysis --- Microscope and microscopy --- Microscopic analysis --- Optical microscopy --- Medical microbiology. --- Solid state physics. --- Biophysics. --- Biological physics. --- Spectroscopy. --- Optics --- Games of chance (Mathematics) --- Mathematical models --- Numerical analysis --- Numerical calculations --- Stochastic processes --- Radar --- Remote sensing --- Television --- Scanning systems --- Equipment and supplies --- Biological and Medical Physics, Biophysics. --- Microbial biology --- Microorganisms --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Health Workforce --- Analysis, Spectrum --- Spectra --- Spectrochemical analysis --- Spectrochemistry --- Spectrometry --- Spectroscopy --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Interferometry --- Radiation --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Absorption spectra --- Light --- Spectroscope --- Physics --- Solids --- Biological physics --- Qualitative --- Analytical chemistry
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