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Designed for use by philosophy students, this book provides an accessible, yet technically sound treatment of modal logic and its philosophical applications. Every effort has been made to simplify the presentation by using diagrams in place of more complex mathematical apparatus. These and other innovations provide philosophers with easy access to a rich variety of topics in modal logic, including a full coverage of quantified modal logic, non-rigid designators, definite descriptions, and the de-re de-dictio distinction. Discussion of philosophical issues concerning the development of modal logic is woven into the text. The book uses natural deduction systems and also includes a diagram technique that extends the method of truth trees to modal logic. This feature provides a foundation for a novel method for showing completeness, one that is easy to extend to systems that include quantifiers.

Modality (Logic) --- Modal logic --- Logic --- Nonclassical mathematical logic --- Bisimulation

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In diesem Buch wird der Begriff der Zustimmung in seinen unterschiedlichen Ausprägungen in drei Teilen herausgearbeitet (Teil I: Zustimmung in der Philosophie der Neuzeit und in der traditionellen Logik, Teil II: Zustimmung in der modernen Philosophie, Teil III: Die logische Analyse der Zustimmung). Der neuzeitlichen Tradition in der Verwendung des Zustimmungsbegriffs folgend, erfolgt seine Analyse in Verbindung mit epistemischen und sprechakttheoretischen Begriffen wie Glaube und Überzeugung, Fürwahrhalten, Urteil, Akzeptation und Behauptung. Im Hauptteil des Buchs wird im Rahmen der Unterscheidung zwischen der Logik innerer Zustimmung und der Logik äußerer Zustimmung das Verhältnis von Zustimmung, Widerspruch und Folgerung sowie von Zustimmungsfolgerung und Relevanz dargestellt. Hier erfolgt die Behandlung der Zustimmung in formalisierten Sprachen, wodurch sich eine präzise und die logischen Konsequenzen klar umfassende Explikation des Zustimmungsbegriffs ergibt. Die Studie verfolgt das Ziel, Anwendungen der epistemischen Logik in der Philosophie des Geistes, der Erkenntnistheorie, der Argumentationstheorie und der künstlichen Intelligenz zu fördern.

Epistemic logic. --- Epistemics --- Logic, Modern. --- Social epistemology. --- Epistemology, Social --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Social role --- Knowledge, Sociology of --- General semantics --- Modern logic --- Epistemic modal logic --- Knowledge, Logic of --- Logic of knowledge --- Modal logic, Epistemic --- Modality (Logic) --- History.

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Aristotle was the founder not only of logic but also of modal logic. In the Prior Analytics he developed a complex system of modal syllogistic which, while influential, has been disputed since antiquity--and is today widely regarded as incoherent. Combining analytic rigor with keen sensitivity to historical context, Marko Malink makes clear that the modal syllogistic forms a consistent, integrated system of logic, one that is closely related to other areas of Aristotle's philosophy. Aristotle's modal syllogistic differs significantly from modern modal logic. Malink considers the key to understanding the Aristotelian version to be the notion of predication discussed in the Topics--specifically, its theory of predicables (definition, genus, differentia, proprium, and accident) and the ten categories (substance, quantity, quality, and so on). The predicables introduce a distinction between essential and nonessential predication. In contrast, the categories distinguish between substantial and nonsubstantial predication. Malink builds on these insights in developing a semantics for Aristotle's modal propositions, one that verifies the ancient philosopher's claims of the validity and invalidity of modal inferences. While it acknowledges some limitations of this reconstruction, Aristotle's Modal Syllogistic brims with bold ideas, richly supported by close readings of the Greek texts.

Logic, Ancient. --- Modality (Logic) --- Syllogism. --- Predicate (Logic) --- Logique ancienne --- Modalité (Logique) --- Syllogisme --- Prédicat (logique) --- Aristotle. --- Aristotle. -- Prior analytics. --- Predicables (Logic) --- Predication (Logic) --- Ancient logic --- Categories (Philosophy) --- Language and logic --- Logic --- Argumentation --- Reasoning --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Modal logic --- Nonclassical mathematical logic --- Bisimulation --- Aristoteles --- Aristote --- Aristotle --- Aristotile --- Logic, Ancient --- Syllogism --- Aristoteles. --- Arisṭāṭṭil --- Aristo, --- Aristotel --- Aristotele --- Aristóteles, --- Aristòtil --- Arisṭū --- Arisṭūṭālīs --- Arisutoteresu --- Arystoteles --- Ya-li-shih-to-te --- Ya-li-ssu-to-te --- Yalishiduode --- Yalisiduode --- Ἀριστοτέλης --- Αριστοτέλης --- Аристотел --- ארסטו --- אריםטו --- אריסטו --- אריסטוטלס --- אריסטוטלוס --- אריסטוטליס --- أرسطاطاليس --- أرسططاليس --- أرسطو --- أرسطوطالس --- أرسطوطاليس --- ابن رشد --- اريسطو --- Pseudo Aristotele --- Pseudo-Aristotle --- アリストテレス