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Biological Factors --- Biological Agents --- Natural products --- Biosynthesis --- Produits naturels --- Biosynthèse --- Periodicals --- Périodiques --- Biological Factors. --- Natural products. --- Products, Natural --- Biologic Agents --- Biologic Factors --- Biological Factor --- Factor, Biologic --- Factor, Biological --- Factors, Biological --- Agents, Biologic --- Agents, Biological --- Biologic Factor --- Factors, Biologic --- Raw materials --- Biological Products --- Biochemistry --- Biologic Agent --- Biological Agent --- Agent, Biologic --- Agent, Biological --- Productes naturals. --- Productes biològics. --- Revistes electròniques. --- Revistes digitals --- Revistes en línia --- Revistes on line --- Revistes per Internet --- Publicacions electròniques --- Revistes --- Bioproductes --- Substàncies biològiques --- Substàncies farmacèutiques orgàniques --- Productes naturals --- Bacteriologia --- Hemoderivats --- Mostres biològiques --- Metabòlits --- Substàncies naturals --- Primeres matèries --- Aliments naturals --- Productes biològics --- Productes naturals marins --- Botany --- Productes biològics. --- Revistes electròniques.

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Retinoids --- Avitaminosis --- Food --- Age Groups --- Food and Beverages --- Carotenoids --- Deficiency Diseases --- Persons --- Polyenes --- Terpenes --- Cyclohexenes --- Malnutrition --- Pigments, Biological --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Biological Factors --- Nutrition Disorders --- Cyclohexanes --- Alkenes --- Hydrocarbons --- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases --- Cycloparaffins --- Organic Chemicals --- Hydrocarbons, Acyclic --- Diseases --- Hydrocarbons, Alicyclic --- Hydrocarbons, Cyclic --- Vitamin A Deficiency --- Vitamin A --- Dietary Supplements --- Infant --- Retinoids. --- Avitaminosis. --- Food. --- Age Groups. --- Food and Beverages. --- Carotenoids. --- Deficiency Diseases. --- Persons. --- Polyenes. --- Terpenes. --- Cyclohexenes. --- Malnutrition. --- Pigments, Biological. --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture. --- Biological Factors. --- Nutrition Disorders. --- Cyclohexanes. --- Alkenes. --- Hydrocarbons. --- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases. --- Cycloparaffins. --- Organic Chemicals. --- Hydrocarbons, Acyclic. --- Disease. --- Hydrocarbons, Alicyclic. --- Hydrocarbons, Cyclic. --- Vitamin A Deficiency. --- Vitamin A. --- Dietary Supplements. --- Infant.

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The pathomechanisms of allergy are quite well investigated and the disease-causing allergens are characterized in great detail down to their molecular structures. We are thus beginning to see several new strategies for allergen-specific immunotherapy on the horizon, several of which are summarized in this issue. It thus seems that hundred years after the first experimental attempts to “desensitize” hayfever patients we are now capable of developing powerful and rational forms of immunotherapy which hold promise for curing allergy sufferers and eventually may allow real prophylactic vaccination against allergy. It is thus quite possible that allergy may become eradicated similar as certain forms of infectious diseases through vaccination.

Allergy desensitization --- Allergy --- Antigens --- Biological Products --- Immunosuppression --- Investigative Techniques --- Immune System Diseases --- Biological Factors --- Diseases --- Complex Mixtures --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Immunotherapy --- Immunologic Techniques --- Immunomodulation --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Biological Therapy --- Therapeutics --- Desensitization, Immunologic --- Allergens --- Hypersensitivity --- Vaccines --- Methods --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biology --- Pharmacy, Therapeutics, & Pharmacology --- Clinical Immunology --- Microbiology & Immunology --- Vaccination --- Allergy desensitization. --- Vaccination. --- Allergic diseases --- Allergies --- Hypersensitivity, Immediate --- Immediate allergy --- Immediate hypersensitivity --- Desensitization, Allergy --- Hyposensitization therapy --- Medicine. --- Immunology. --- Vaccines. --- Biomedicine. --- Vaccine. --- Biologicals --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Immunization --- Immunologic diseases --- Immunoglobulin E

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Glutamate is the most pervasive neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite this fact, no validated biological markers, or biomarkers, currently exist for measuring glutamate pathology in CNS disorders or injuries. Glutamate dysfunction has been associated with an extensive range of nervous system diseases and disorders. Problems with how the neurotransmitter glutamate functions in the brain have been linked to a wide variety of disorders, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, substance abuse, and traumatic brain injury. These conditions are widespread, affecting a large portion of the United States population, and remain difficult to treat. Efforts to understand, treat, and prevent glutamate-related disorders can be aided by the identification of valid biomarkers. The Institute of Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders held a workshop on June 21-22, 2010, to explore ways to accelerate the development, validation, and implementation of such biomarkers. This book investigates promising current and emerging technologies, and outlines strategies to procure resources and tools to advance drug development for associated nervous system disorders. Moreover, this report highlights presentations by expert panelists, and the open panel discussions that occurred during the workshop.

Neuropharmacology. --- Biochemical markers --- Drug development --- Nervous system --- Neuropharmacology --- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical --- Biological Markers --- Nervous System Diseases --- Investigative Techniques --- Nervous System --- Excitatory Amino Acids --- Pharmacology --- Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic --- Neurosciences --- Amino Acids, Acidic --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Anatomy --- Biological Factors --- Amino Acids --- Diseases --- Chemistry --- Health Occupations --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Biomarkers, Pharmacological --- Drug Discovery --- Glutamic Acid --- Central Nervous System Diseases --- Central Nervous System --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Animal Biochemistry --- Medical Research --- Glutamic acid --- Central nervous system --- Pharmacokinetics. --- Diseases.

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The inflammasome was first described in 2002 as a molecular complex activating proinflammatory caspases and therefore regulating the maturation and biological activities of cytokines such as IL-1 and IL-18. This finding was substantiated by the identification of several mutations in the cias1 gene, encoding the human NLRP3 protein, responsible for several autoinflammatory disorders such as the Muckle Wells syndrome. Since, the interest for this complex has constantly increased and several inflammasome complexes with different specificities have been described. These inflammasomes sense a wide variety of pathogens and danger signals and are key players in the inflammatory response. With the contributions of leading international experts in the field, this book provides an extensive overview of the current knowledge of inflammasome biology and their role in health and disease.

Inflammation -- Immunological aspects. --- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex. --- Proteins -- metabolism. --- Inflammation --- Biological Factors --- Multiprotein Complexes --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Macromolecular Substances --- Inflammasomes --- Inflammation Mediators --- Biology --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Microbiology & Immunology --- Pathology --- Pathophysiology --- Immunological aspects --- Molecular aspects --- Mediators --- Inflammation. --- Inflammatory process --- Medicine. --- Immunology. --- Infectious diseases. --- Enzymology. --- Cytokines. --- Growth factors. --- Cell biology. --- Biomedicine. --- Infectious Diseases. --- Cell Biology. --- Cytokines and Growth Factors. --- Anti-inflammatory agents --- Emerging infectious diseases. --- Cytology. --- Enzymes. --- Biocatalysts --- Ferments --- Soluble ferments --- Catalysts --- Proteins --- Enzymology --- Cellular immunity --- Immune response --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Emerging infections --- New infectious diseases --- Re-emerging infectious diseases --- Reemerging infectious diseases --- Communicable diseases --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Regulation --- Biochemistry --- Enzymes --- Cell growth factors --- Cellular growth factors --- Growth peptides --- Growth promoting substances --- Growth substances --- Peptide growth factors --- Peptide regulatory factors --- Polypeptide growth factors --- Cytokines --- Peptides