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This paper assesses the state of research and examines priorities for future work in the area of urbanization and growth. This is done by reviewing and summarizing the findings of five scoping papers covering the following topics: urban poverty, the political economy of urban poverty, urban real estate and housing, urban infrastructure finance, and external assistance for urban development.

Banks & Banking Reform --- Capital Grants --- City Development Strategies --- Communities and Human Settlements --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- National Urban Development Policies & Strategies --- Poverty Policy --- Revenue Mobilization --- Urban Development --- Urban Growth --- Urban Housing --- Urban Housing and Land Settlements --- Urban Land Development --- Urban Poverty --- Urban Strategy --- Urbanization --- Urbanization Research

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This paper assesses the state of research and examines priorities for future work in the area of urbanization and growth. This is done by reviewing and summarizing the findings of five scoping papers covering the following topics: urban poverty, the political economy of urban poverty, urban real estate and housing, urban infrastructure finance, and external assistance for urban development.

Banks & Banking Reform --- Capital Grants --- City Development Strategies --- Communities and Human Settlements --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- National Urban Development Policies & Strategies --- Poverty Policy --- Revenue Mobilization --- Urban Development --- Urban Growth --- Urban Housing --- Urban Housing and Land Settlements --- Urban Land Development --- Urban Poverty --- Urban Strategy --- Urbanization --- Urbanization Research

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Standpipes that dispense water from utilities are the most common alternatives to piped water connections for poor customers in the cities of Sub-Saharan Africa. Fifty-five percent of the unconnected urban population relies on standpipes as their first water source. Other informal water providers include household resellers and a variety of water tankers and vendors, which are the first water source of 1 percent and 3 percent of the urban population, respectively. In the cities studied, the percentage of unconnected households ranges from 12 percent to 86 percent of the population. The percentage of unconnected people covered by standpipes is substantially higher for countries with higher rates of household connection, while the percentage of unconnected people covered by water tankers or water vendors is higher for countries with lower rates of household connection. Water prices in the informal market are much higher than for households with private connections or yard taps. Although standpipes are heavily subsidized by utilities, the prices charged by standpipe operators are closely related to the informal water reseller price. Standpipe management models also affect the informal price of water. For example, the shift from utilities management to delegated management models without complementary regulation or consumer information has often led to declines in service levels and increased prices. Standpipes are not the only or even the most efficient solution in peri-urban areas. Programs that promote private household connections and arrangements that improve pricing and services in the household resale market should also be considered by policy makers.

Household connection --- Household connections --- Households --- Population growth --- Price of water --- Provision of water --- Public water --- Sanitation services --- Service delivery --- Town Water Supply and Sanitation --- Urban areas --- Urban growth --- Urban water --- Urban Water Supply and Sanitation --- Utilities --- Water and Industry --- Water Conservation --- Water market --- Water Resources --- Water sector --- Water source --- Water sources --- Water supply --- Water Supply and Sanitation --- Water Supply and Sanitation Governance and Institutions --- Water supply chain --- Water tankers

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For the first time in human history, more than half the world’s population is urban. A fundamental aspect of this transformation has been the emergence of giant cities, or megacities, that present major new challenges. This book examines how issues of megacity development, urban form, sustainability, and unsustainability are conceived, how governance processes are influenced by these ideas, and how these processes have in turn influenced outcomes on the ground, in some cases in transformative ways. Through 15 in-depth case studies by prominent researchers from around the world, this book examines the major challenges facing megacities today. The studies are organized around a shared set of concerns and questions about issues of sustainability, land development, urban governance, and urban form. Some of the main questions addressed are: What are the most pressing issues of sustainability and urban form in each megacity? How are major issues of sustainability understood and framed by policymakers? Is urban form considered a significant component of sustainability issues in public debates and public policy? Who are the key actors framing urban sustainability challenges and shaping urban change? How is unsustainability, risk, or disaster imagined, and how are those concerns reflected in policy approaches? What has been achieved so far, and what challenges remain? The publication of this book is a step toward answering these and other crucial questions.

Cities and towns -- Growth. --- City planning -- Forecasting. --- Land use, Urban. --- Sustainable development. --- Urban ecology (Sociology). --- Urbanization. --- Sustainable urban development --- City planning --- Urbanization --- Cities and towns --- Sociology, Urban --- Urban economics --- Sustainable development --- Sociology & Social History --- Social Sciences --- Communities - Urban Groups --- Growth --- Growth. --- Cities and towns, Movement to --- Urban development --- Urban systems --- Growth, Urban --- Sprawl, Urban --- Urban growth --- Urban sprawl --- Geography. --- Regional planning. --- Urban planning. --- Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning. --- Social history --- Sociology, Rural --- Urban policy --- Rural-urban migration --- Migration, Internal --- Population --- Vital statistics --- Regional development --- Regional planning --- State planning --- Human settlements --- Land use --- Planning --- Landscape protection --- Government policy --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Urban renewal --- Management

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Many coastal areas around the world are experiencing dramatic landscape changes as a result of increased tourism development and the "sea change phenomenon" – the migration of affluent urbanites to small coastal towns seeking beautiful, natural surroundings. In response to these changes local residents in these places often complain that the distinctive character of their towns and/or individual neighborhoods is being lost or degraded. Coastal Towns in Transition looks at how changes due to unsympathetic development of the built environment and modification of the natural landscape are perceived to negatively impact on the character of small coastal towns. The book explores the concept of town character, and associated notions of sense of place, genius loci and place identity, as conceptualised by local residents in several coastal town communities along Australia’s Great Ocean Road. Findings of a four-year study involving over 1800 respondents from these communities are used to explore theoretical and methodological issues associated with the assessment of place character in the context of coastal towns that are experiencing rapid environmental change. This book will be of interest to planners and environmental designers, as well as scholars in both landscape studies and social science and planning fields who are interested in the sustainable development of coastal areas. The case studies and associated planning and design strategies, together with the bibliography of selected relevant literature, will provide an invaluable reference for these scholars.

Cities and towns -- Australia -- Victoria. --- Coastal zone management -- Public opinion. --- Coasts -- Environmental aspects -- Australia -- Victoria. --- Great Ocean Road (Vic.). --- Regional planning -- Australia -- Victoria. --- Sustainable development -- Australia -- Victoria. --- Urban-rural migration -- Australia -- Victoria. --- Landscape changes. --- Cities and towns --- Growth. --- Growth, Urban --- Sprawl, Urban --- Urban development --- Urban growth --- Urban sprawl --- Change, Landscape --- Geography. --- Regional planning. --- Urban planning. --- Architecture. --- Landscape architecture. --- Landscape ecology. --- Community psychology. --- Environmental psychology. --- Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning. --- Landscape Ecology. --- Landscape Architecture. --- Community and Environmental Psychology. --- Architecture, general. --- Migration, Internal --- Population --- Vital statistics --- Geomorphology --- Applied psychology. --- Applied psychology --- Psychagogy --- Psychology, Practical --- Social psychotechnics --- Psychology --- Architecture, Western (Western countries) --- Building design --- Buildings --- Construction --- Western architecture (Western countries) --- Art --- Building --- Ecology --- Regional development --- Regional planning --- State planning --- Human settlements --- Land use --- Planning --- City planning --- Landscape protection --- Design and construction --- Government policy --- Cognitive ergonomics --- Ecological psychology --- Ecopsychology --- Ecotherapy --- Environmental quality --- Environmental social sciences --- Human factors science --- Psychoeology --- Psychotherapy --- Ecological Systems Theory --- Psychology, Applied --- Social psychology --- Horticultural service industry --- Landscape gardening --- Landscaping industry --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- Psychological aspects --- Management --- Architecture, Primitive --- Great Ocean Road (Vic.) --- Victoria (Staat)