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When the government gives a grant to a private charitable organization, do the donors to that organization give less? If they do, is it because the grants crowd out donors who feel they gave through taxes (classic crowd out), or is it because the grant crowds out the fund-raising of the charities who, after getting the grant, reduce efforts of fund-raising (fund-raising crowd out)? This is the first paper to separate these two effects. Using a panel of more than 8,000 charities, we find that crowding out is significant, at about 72 percent. We find this crowding out is due primarily to reduced fund-raising. Depending on which types of organizations are included in the analysis, crowding out attributable to classic crowd-out ranges from 30% to a slight crowd-in effect, while fund-raising crowd out ranges from 70% to over 100% of all crowd out. Such a finding could have important consequences for how governments structure grants to non-profits. Our results indicate, for example, that requirements that charities match a fraction of government grants with increases in private donations might be a feasible policy that could reduce the detrimental effects of crowding out.
Crowding out (Economics) --- Charities --- Fund raising. --- Government aid. --- Federal aid. --- Subsidies.
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Finance --- Capital market --- Banks and banking --- Finances --- Marché financier --- Banques --- Periodicals. --- Périodiques --- Banks and banking. --- Capital market. --- Finance. --- financial markets --- banking --- insurance --- accounting --- taxes --- Agricultural banks --- Banking --- Banking industry --- Commercial banks --- Depository institutions --- Financial institutions --- Money --- Capital markets --- Market, Capital --- Loans --- Money market --- Securities --- Crowding out (Economics) --- Efficient market theory --- Funding --- Funds --- Economics --- Currency question --- Finance - General
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Finance --- -Capital market --- -Securities industry --- -346.0920944 --- Jb1fra --- Financial services industry --- Capital markets --- Market, Capital --- Financial institutions --- Loans --- Money market --- Securities --- Crowding out (Economics) --- Efficient market theory --- Funding --- Funds --- Economics --- Currency question --- Law and legislation --- -Law and legislation --- Securities industry --- Capital market --- -Finance --- 346.0920944 --- Droit public économique --- Droit commercial --- Banques --- marche financier --- Marché financier --- France --- Droit
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In the fall of 2008, fifteen of the world's leading economists--representing the broadest spectrum of economic opinion--gathered at New Hampshire's Squam Lake. Their goal: the mapping of a long-term plan for financial regulation reform. The Squam Lake Report distills the wealth of insights from the ongoing collaboration that began at these meetings and provides a revelatory, unified, and coherent voice for fixing our troubled and damaged financial markets. As an alternative to the patchwork solutions and ideologically charged proposals that have dominated other discussions, the Squam Lake group sets forth a clear nonpartisan plan of action to transform the regulation of financial markets--not just for the current climate--but for generations to come. Arguing that there has been a conflict between financial institutions and society, these diverse experts present sound and transparent prescriptions to reduce this divide. They look at the critical holes in the existing regulatory framework for handling complex financial institutions, retirement savings, and credit default swaps. They offer ideas for new financial instruments designed to recapitalize banks without burdening taxpayers. To lower the risk that large banks will fail, the authors call for higher capital requirements as well as a systemic regulator who is part of the central bank. They collectively analyze where the financial system has failed, and how these weak points should be overhauled. Combining an immense depth of academic, private sector, and public policy experience, The Squam Lake Report contains urgent recommendations that will positively influence everyone's financial well-being--all who care about the world's economic health need to pay attention.
Capital market --- Finance --- Financial crises --- Crashes, Financial --- Crises, Financial --- Financial crashes --- Financial panics --- Panics (Finance) --- Stock exchange crashes --- Stock market panics --- Crises --- Funding --- Funds --- Economics --- Currency question --- Capital markets --- Market, Capital --- Financial institutions --- Loans --- Money market --- Securities --- Crowding out (Economics) --- Efficient market theory --- Government policy. --- Prevention. --- Prevention --- Government policy
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Orthodontics --- Dentistry --- Tooth Diseases --- Specialties, Dental --- Investigative Techniques --- Stomatognathic Diseases --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Diseases --- Health Occupations --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Methods --- Malocclusion --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Cross Bite --- Angle's Classification --- Crossbite --- Tooth Crowding --- Angle Classification --- Angles Classification --- Bite, Cross --- Bites, Cross --- Classification, Angle's --- Cross Bites --- Crossbites --- Crowding, Tooth --- Crowdings, Tooth --- Malocclusions --- Dental Occlusion --- Orthodontics, Corrective --- Prognathism --- Mandibular Advancement --- Retrognathia --- Methodological Studies --- Methodological Study --- Procedures --- Studies, Methodological --- Study, Methodological --- Method --- Procedure --- Health Professions --- Health Occupation --- Health Profession --- Profession, Health --- Professions, Health --- Occupations --- Mouth and Tooth Diseases --- Dental Diseases --- Dental Disease --- Disease, Dental --- Disease, Stomatognathic --- Diseases, Dental --- Diseases, Stomatognathic --- Stomatognathic Disease --- Investigative Technics --- Investigative Technic --- Investigative Technique --- Technic, Investigative --- Technics, Investigative --- Technique, Investigative --- Techniques, Investigative --- Dental Specialties --- Dental Specialty --- Specialty, Dental --- Disease, Tooth --- Diseases, Tooth --- Tooth Disease --- Oral Medicine --- Dental orthopedics --- Orthodontia --- Orthopedics --- Techniques --- Technique --- Dentistry. --- Tooth Diseases. --- Specialties, Dental. --- Investigative Techniques. --- Stomatognathic Diseases. --- Disease. --- Health Occupations. --- Methods. --- Orthodontics. --- Malocclusion.
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Finance --- Financial institutions --- Financial instruments --- International finance --- Securities --- Capital market --- AA / International- internationaal --- 333.0 --- 332.042 --- Capital markets --- Market, Capital --- Loans --- Money market --- Crowding out (Economics) --- Efficient market theory --- Blue sky laws --- Capitalization (Finance) --- Investment securities --- Portfolio --- Scrip --- Securities law --- Underwriting --- Investments --- Investment banking --- International monetary system --- International money --- International economic relations --- Financiële economie: algemene werken en handboeken. --- Law and legislation --- Financial intermediaries --- Lending institutions --- Associations, institutions, etc. --- Funding --- Funds --- Economics --- Currency question --- Financiële economie: algemene werken en handboeken
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"This volume focuses on current issues of debate in the area of modern macroeconomics and money, written from (a broadly interpreted) post Keynesian perspective. The papers connect with Philip Arestis' contributions to macroeconomics and money, and pay tribute to his distinguished career"--Provided by publisher
Macroeconomics --- Capital market --- Monetary policy --- AA / International- internationaal --- 331.31 --- 333.600 --- 333.80 --- 339 --- Monetary management --- Economic policy --- Currency boards --- Money supply --- Capital markets --- Market, Capital --- Finance --- Financial institutions --- Loans --- Money market --- Securities --- Crowding out (Economics) --- Efficient market theory --- Economics --- Economisch beleid. --- Financiële markten. Kapitaalmarkten (algemeenheden). --- Geld-, bank- en kredietpolitiek. Kapitaalmarkt en -rente: algemeenheden. --- Economisch beleid --- Financiële markten. Kapitaalmarkten (algemeenheden) --- Geld-, bank- en kredietpolitiek. Kapitaalmarkt en -rente: algemeenheden
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These essays explain why financial crisis breaks out, its social, economic and cultural consequences, and the limitations of policy in the face of economic stagnation induced by financial inflation.
Inflation (Finance) --- Financial crises --- Capital assets pricing model --- Capital market --- International finance --- Business cycles --- 332 --- Economic cycles --- Economic fluctuations --- Cycles --- International monetary system --- International money --- Finance --- International economic relations --- Capital markets --- Market, Capital --- Financial institutions --- Loans --- Money market --- Securities --- Crowding out (Economics) --- Efficient market theory --- Capital asset pricing model --- CAPM (Capital assets pricing model) --- Pricing model, Capital assets --- Capital --- Investments --- Crashes, Financial --- Crises, Financial --- Financial crashes --- Financial panics --- Panics (Finance) --- Stock exchange crashes --- Stock market panics --- Crises --- Natural rate of unemployment --- Mathematical models --- Business cycles. --- Capital assets pricing model. --- Capital market. --- Financial crises. --- Inflation (Finance). --- International finance. --- Commerce --- Business & Economics --- International Commerce --- Money --- E-books
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331.30 --- 333.101 --- 333.420.1 --- 333.451.0 --- 333.602 --- EEU / Central & Eastern Europe --- Banks and banking --- -Banks and banking --- -332.10947 --- Agricultural banks --- Banking --- Banking industry --- Commercial banks --- Depository institutions --- Finance --- Financial institutions --- Money --- Economische toestand. --- Banksysteem en bankstelsel. --- Koopkracht van geld. Monetaire (on)stabiliteit. --- Wisselmarkt: algemeenheden. --- Activiteiten en evolutie van de financiële markten. --- History --- -History --- -Europe, Central --- -Europe, Eastern --- Central Europe --- Economic conditions --- Economic conditions. --- Capital market --- History. --- 332.10947 --- Capital markets --- Market, Capital --- Loans --- Money market --- Securities --- Crowding out (Economics) --- Efficient market theory --- Economische toestand --- Banksysteem en bankstelsel --- Koopkracht van geld. Monetaire (on)stabiliteit --- Wisselmarkt: algemeenheden --- Activiteiten en evolutie van de financiële markten --- Europe, Central --- Europe, Eastern
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The 2008/9 financial crisis highlighted the importance of evaluating vulnerabilities owing to interconnectedness, or Too-Connected-to-Fail risk, among financial institutions for country monitoring, financial surveillance, investment analysis and risk management purposes. This paper illustrates the use of balance sheet-based network analysis to evaluate interconnectedness risk, under extreme adverse scenarios, in banking systems in mature and emerging market countries, and between individual banks in Chile, an advanced emerging market economy.
Banks and banking, International. --- Capital market. --- International finance. --- International monetary system --- International money --- Finance --- International economic relations --- Capital markets --- Market, Capital --- Financial institutions --- Loans --- Money market --- Securities --- Crowding out (Economics) --- Efficient market theory --- International banking --- Offshore banking (Finance) --- Transnational banking --- Financial institutions, International --- International finance --- Banks and Banking --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Industries: Financial Services --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Pension Funds --- Non-bank Financial Institutions --- Financial Instruments --- Institutional Investors --- Banking --- Monetary economics --- Commercial banks --- Foreign banks --- Credit --- Nonbank financial institutions --- Banks and banking --- Banks and banking, Foreign --- Financial services industry --- Chile
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