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Michael B. Gross argues that a liberal culture of anti-Catholicism shaped the modern development of Germany including capitalist economics, industrial expansion, national unification, and public and private gender roles. The book shows that anticlericalism and anti-Catholicism, themes long relegated to the margins, are, in fact, of central importance to the history of modern Germany. Gross shows how the portrayal of priests, monks, nuns, and Catholics as medieval, superstitious, and sexually deviant asserted the liberal middle-class claim to social authority. He pays particular attention to the ways anticlericalism, Jesuitphobia, and antimonasticism expressed deeper fears of democracy, mass culture, socialism, women, and the women's movement in the liberal imagination. In doing so, he identifies the moral, social, and cultural imperatives behind the Kulturkampf, the liberal -- and state-sponsored attack against the Catholic Church in the 1870s. The research is based on a wide range of sources including archival materials, journals, newspapers, religious and political books and pamphlets, poetry, literature, illustrations and caricatures, popular petitions, and parliamentary debates. Michael B. Gross is Assistant Professor of History at East Carolina University.

Kulturkampf --- Anti-Catholicism --- Liberalism --- Anticatholicisme --- Libéralisme --- History --- Histoire --- Catholic Church. --- Germany --- Allemagne --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- Catholic Church --- Libéralisme --- 27 <43> "18" --- -Anti-Catholicism --- Antipapism --- Kerkgeschiedenis--Duitsland voor 1945 en na 1989--19e eeuw. Periode 1800-1899 --- -27 <43> "18" --- -Kerkgeschiedenis--Duitsland voor 1945 en na 1989--19e eeuw. Periode 1800-1899 --- Church and state --- Prejudices --- History of Germany and Austria --- anno 1800-1899 --- Church of Rome --- Roman Catholic Church --- Katholische Kirche --- Katolyt︠s︡ʹka t︠s︡erkva --- Römisch-Katholische Kirche --- Römische Kirche --- Ecclesia Catholica --- Eglise catholique --- Eglise catholique-romaine --- Katolicheskai︠a︡ t︠s︡erkovʹ --- Chiesa cattolica --- Iglesia Católica --- Kościół Katolicki --- Katolicki Kościół --- Kościół Rzymskokatolicki --- Nihon Katorikku Kyōkai --- Katholikē Ekklēsia --- Gereja Katolik --- Kenesiyah ha-Ḳatolit --- Kanisa Katoliki --- כנסיה הקתולית --- כנסייה הקתולית --- 가톨릭교 --- 천주교