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"Northern Australia is one of few tropical places left on Earth in which biodiversity—and the ecological processes underpinning that biodiversity—is still relatively intact. However, scientific knowledge of that biodiversity is still in its infancy and the region remains a frontier for biological discovery. The butterfly and diurnal moth assemblages of the area, and their intimate associations with vascular plants (and sometimes ants), exemplify these points.However, the opportunity to fill knowledge gaps is quickly closing: proposals for substantial development and exploitation of Australia’s north will inevitably repeat the ecological devastation that has occurred in temperate southern Australia—loss of species, loss of ecological communities, fragmentation of populations, disruption of healthy ecosystem function and so on—all of which will diminish the value of the natural heritage of the region before it is fully understood and appreciated. Written by several experts in the field, the main purpose of this atlas is to compile a comprehensive inventory of the butterflies and diurnal moths of northern Australia to form the scientific baseline against which the extent and direction of change can be assessed in the future. Such information will also assist in identifying the region’s biological assets, to inform policy and management agencies and to set priorities for biodiversity conservation."

Butterflies --- Moths --- Heterocera --- Lepidoptera nocturna --- Lepidoptera --- Lepidoptera diurna --- Rhopalocera --- Science --- Biodiversity --- Conservation --- Butterfly --- Moth

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This book, as a Special Issue, is a collection of some of the latest advancements in designing and scheduling smart manufacturing systems. The smart manufacturing concept is undoubtedly considered a paradigm shift in manufacturing technology. This conception is part of the Industry 4.0 strategy, or equivalent national policies, and brings new challenges and opportunities for the companies that are facing tough global competition. Industry 4.0 should not only be perceived as one of many possible strategies for manufacturing companies, but also as an important practice within organizations. The main focus of Industry 4.0 implementation is to combine production, information technology, and the internet. The presented Special Issue consists of ten research papers presenting the latest works in the field. The papers include various topics, which can be divided into three categories—(i) designing and scheduling manufacturing systems (seven articles), (ii) machining process optimization (two articles), (iii) digital insurance platforms (one article). Most of the mentioned research problems are solved in these articles by using genetic algorithms, the harmony search algorithm, the hybrid bat algorithm, the combined whale optimization algorithm, and other optimization and decision-making methods. The above-mentioned groups of articles are briefly described in this order in this book.

flexible job-shop scheduling problem --- combinatorial optimization --- genetic algorithm --- candidate order-based genetic algorithm --- multichromosome --- facility layout --- optimization --- metaheuristic algorithm --- cell formation --- design of experiments --- digital platforms --- decision-making --- insurance --- Baltic --- customization --- personalization --- assembly line balancing --- group technology --- cluster algorithm --- bottleneck station --- output rate --- tolerance allocation --- machine and process selection --- heuristic approach --- univariate search method --- whale optimization algorithm --- selective assembly --- overrunning clutch assembly --- harmony search algorithm --- Hastelloy X --- turning --- cutting force --- surface roughness --- liquid nitrogen --- grass-hooper optimization algorithm --- moth-flame optimization algorithm --- hybrid bat algorithm --- optimization problem --- the distributed assembly permutation flowshop scheduling problem --- variable neighborhood descent --- multi-criteria assessment --- cell manufacturing design --- operational complexity --- makespan --- production line balancing rate --- electrochemical machining (ECM) --- material removal rate (MRR) --- nickel presence (NP) --- grey wolf optimizer (GWO) --- moth-flame optimization algorithm (MFO) --- Monel 400 alloys --- n/a

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The present book, a reprint of the successful Insects Special Issue "From Insect Pheromones to Mating Disruption: Theory and Practice", includes laboratory and field studies dealing with insect pheromones, as well as on mating disruption efficacy against insect species of economic importance, with special reference to the development and optimization of mating disruption approaches, their mechanisms of action, and possible non-target effects.

sex pheromone --- biological control --- flight tunnel --- Integrated Pest Management --- mealybug monitoring --- mating disruption --- cotton bollworm --- processing tomato --- geostatistics --- Grapholita funebrana --- Tortricidae --- sex pheromones --- integrated pest management --- pheromone --- Lyctus africanus --- powderpost beetle --- age --- mating --- navel orangeworm --- Amyelois transitella --- almond --- citrophilous mealybug --- IPM --- semiochemicals --- sustainable pest control --- chemical ecology --- grapevine --- olfactory cues --- cuticular hydrocarbons --- host-marking pheromone --- true fruit flies --- olfaction --- odours --- biosynthesis --- pheromone perception --- resistance --- review --- field trials --- moth phenology --- vineyards --- apple orchards --- blueberry orchards --- SPLAT wax matrix --- remaining pheromone in point sources --- n/a

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Natural products and the preparations based on them play a stable and ever-increasing role in human and veterinary medicine, agriculture, in food and the cosmetic industry, and in an increasing number of other fields. Their importance is based on the fact that they are mostly bound to renewable sources, which in fact makes them valuable within a circular economy, inter alia. At the same time, natural products provide the origin of stereochemistry, optical activity, regioselectivity, chirality, and many other concepts and directions within science, development, and industry in a scope, which is indispensable. They serve as a constant powerful stimulus and model that inspires researchers to create new effective tools, similar to natural ones, for controlling bioregulation mechanisms and solving practical problems. This was the reason for organizing this Special Issue aimed at underlining the current developments in all the fields connected to natural products.

varioxiranol A --- natural enantiomer --- n/a --- ribosomally synthesized --- triterpenoids --- apo-CpcB --- water resistance --- radical scavenger --- bardoxolone methyl --- antioxidant activity --- octadecanoid --- derivatives --- inhibitor --- chlorogenic acid --- biosynthesis --- microbial biosynthesis --- flow cytometry --- adhesive --- phycocyanin --- antioxidant --- anticancer drug --- resource chemistry --- ginkgolide --- anti-inflammation --- salt stress --- polyphenol --- synthesis of natural products --- rheumatoid arthritis --- PEGylated purpurin 18 --- photosensitizer --- RiPP --- isosorbide --- bioactivity --- cell opening --- stilbene --- tea tussock moth --- flavonoids --- flexible polyurethane foam --- gene expression --- genetical transformation --- research progress --- oleic acid-elicited --- pharmacokinetic features --- phenolic acid --- Plantago depressa --- platelet-activating factor receptor --- photodynamic therapy --- fatty acid --- soy protein isolate --- apoptosis --- HepG2 cells --- cancer cells --- live-cell fluorescence microscopy --- tomato --- caffeoylquinic acids --- pinocembrin --- insect sex pheromone --- 4-epi-varioxiranol A --- natural products --- singlet oxygen --- total synthesis --- lipid-lowering effects --- reversible urethane linkages --- cytotoxicity --- bromelain --- Ramulus mori --- polysaccharides --- SlCOMT1 --- pharmacological activities --- absolute structure --- natural product --- mitochondria --- Emericella variecolor --- triglycidylamine --- Spirulina --- viscosity --- post-translationally modified peptides --- phototoxicity --- melatonin

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Forests are the richest and most complex ecosystems in the world. Due to the abundance of species and their intricate relationships, huge problems are faced when investigating and analyzing them, despite the fact that increasingly sophisticated research tools are currently available. This is also true in the case of the largest group of animals in the world, i.e., insects inhabiting the forest environment. We are currently living in times of dramatic environmental changes triggered by human activity. The effects of climate change are evident and lead to changes in forests. Growing numbers of insect species are being threatened, and it is our responsibility to protect them. This Special Issue of our journal aims to provide a platform for scientific discussions on an array of research problems, such as geographic or historic diversity of forest insects, their variability, habitat preferences, as well as their monitoring or use as bioindicators of environmental changes. We are convinced that this Special Issue will not only be a source of inspiration for further research but will also contribute to reaching a reasonable compromise between the necessary protection of forests and the need for economic benefits. It is our belief that entomological studies will be of considerable value in these efforts.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Forestry & related industries --- pine --- Pinus --- invasion track --- new distribution --- alien --- trap --- Anisandrus dispar --- Cyclorhipidion bodoanum --- deadwood --- invasive species --- Xyleborus saxesenii --- Xyleborinus attenuatus --- Xylosandrus germanus --- Scolytinae --- Quercus --- associational susceptibility --- forest protection --- phenological synchrony --- Operophtera brumata --- Agriopis leucophaearia --- bud burst --- herbivory --- xylophagous beetles --- distribution --- Bursaphelenchus xylophilus --- biodiversity --- Pinus sylvestris --- Coleoptera --- Ips typographus --- Thanasimus spp. --- bark beetles --- Norway spruce --- mass trapping --- attractants --- release rate --- trap type --- integrated pest management --- Collembola --- Arachnida --- Insecta --- ecology of arthropods --- zoogeography --- ambrosia beetle --- bark beetle --- MaxEnt --- insect pest --- alien species --- niche modelling --- biological invasions --- Lymantria dispar asiatica --- Asian spongy moth (ASM) --- female flight ability --- flight mill --- female age --- female flight duration --- female flight distance --- anthropogenic disturbances --- environmental monitoring --- forest reserve --- long-term research --- natural succession --- oak-hornbeam forests --- stability of mite communities --- Uropodina --- n/a