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The chemical industry is essential in the daily human life of modern society; despite the misconception about the real need for chemical production, everyone enjoys the benefit of the chemical progress. However, the chemical industry generates a large variety of products, including (i) basic chemicals, e.g., polymers, petrochemicals, and basic inorganics; (ii) specialty chemicals for crop protection, paints, inks, colorants, textiles, paper, and engineering; and (iii) consumer chemicals, including detergents, soaps, etc. For these reasons, chemists in both academia and industry are challenged with developing green and sustainable chemical production toward the full-recycling of feedstocks and waste. Aiming to improve the intensification of the process, chemists have established chemical reactions based on catalysis, as well as alternative technologies, such as continuous flow. The aim of this book is to cover promising recent research and novel trends in the field of novel catalytic reactions (homogeneous, heterogeneous, and enzymatic, as well as their combinations) in continuous flow conditions. A collection of recent contribution for conversion of starting material originated from petroleum resources or biomass into highly-added value chemicals are reported.

n/a --- dynamic mesh --- catalytic hydrodechlorination --- Pd catalyst --- fuel reactor --- catalysis --- alcohols --- Rhynchophorus ferrugineus --- ketones --- numerical prediction --- heterogeneous catalyst --- 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) --- CO2 capture --- chemical looping combustion --- SBA-15 --- biodiesel --- ?-valerolactone --- (bio) catalysis --- economizer --- erosion rate --- magnesium --- circulating fluidized bed --- continuous reactor --- erosion evolution --- kinetics --- Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley reduction --- flow microreactor --- CFD --- micro reactor --- Oppenauer oxidation --- chlorophenols --- succinate --- aldehydes --- multiphase catalysis --- methyl levulinate --- pheromone --- zirconium --- flow chemistry --- continuous flow --- biomass --- glucose --- oxidation --- dialkyl succinates --- tube-in-tube --- aerobic --- chemo-enzymatic catalysis --- homogeneous catalysis --- lipase Cal B --- expiry period --- titanium dioxide --- Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction

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This reprint presents some recent results from applying original analytical methods to the most renowned hive matrices. Particular consideration was given to methods devoted to the attribution of the origin of honey and propolis, but also studies dealing with the chemical characterization of honey and other hive matrices are here reported. Attention has also been paid to the use of optimized methods of elemental analysis in several hive products for quality and safety purposes, but also for environmental biomonitoring. The treatment of the data was often achieved through multivariate analysis methods, which made it possible to obtain reliable classifications of honeys and propolis according to their botanic or geographical origin.

propolis --- poplar --- HPLC–Q-Exactive-Orbitrap®–MS analysis --- phenolic glycerides --- essential and non-essential nutrients --- nucleosides --- honey composition --- uridine --- neuropharmacological activities --- filtered honey --- botanical origin --- fluorescence spectrometry --- antioxidant activity --- spectrum–effect relationships --- cluster analysis --- principal component analysis --- multiple linear regression analysis --- sample preparation --- trace element --- toxic element --- spectroanalytical technique --- biomonitoring --- bee pollen --- ascorbic acid --- total ascorbic acids --- dehydroascorbic acid --- HILIC --- honey discrimination --- strawberry-tree --- thistle --- eucalyptus --- asphodel --- attenuated total reflectance --- Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy --- bee products --- multielemental analysis --- ICP-MS --- ICP-OES --- inorganic contaminants --- heavy metals --- honey --- quality standards --- protein --- amylase --- acid phosphatase --- native PAGE --- royal jelly --- proteins --- ProteoMinerTM --- MALDI-TOF-MS --- proteomics --- beehive product --- unedone --- bitter taste --- strawberry tree honey --- LC-ESI/LTQ-Orbitrap-MS --- PCA --- PLS --- aroma composition --- sugar content --- QDA profile --- HMF --- furanic aldehydes --- furanic acids --- homogentisic acid --- cyclic voltammetry --- square wave voltammetry --- RP-HPLC --- bees --- beehive products --- cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry --- toxic metal --- trace elements --- toxic elements --- geographical origin --- strawberry tree

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The book explores issues concerning the design, synthetic methods and biological evaluation of molecules of pharmaceutical interest.

fluorinated pyrazole aldehydes --- tyrosinase inhibition --- phosphodiesterase inhibition --- antibacterial activity --- molecular docking --- periodontitis --- SRP --- LDD --- gelcide --- cancer --- phytocomponents --- Tiospora cardifolia --- silica --- silver oxynitrate --- stability --- core-shell --- antibiofilm --- antimicrobial --- sesquiterpene --- inflammatory pathologies --- nutraceuticals --- triclosan --- surgical site infection --- suture --- abdominal surgery --- cost-analysis --- budget impact analysis --- spirooxindole --- 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition --- eco-friendly chemistry --- ROCS --- shape alignment --- lipophilicity --- anticancer activity --- sol–gel coating --- medical textiles --- antioxidant --- anti-inflammatory --- PEA derivative --- drug release --- imidazole --- antiproliferative --- antioxidant activities --- docking --- DPPH --- ABTS --- acetylcholinesterase --- xanthine oxidase --- pyrimidine-trione --- barbituric --- thiobarbituric --- urease inhibitors --- DFT --- N-benzylisatin-aryl hydrazones --- gefitinib --- A549 cell lines --- pomegranate --- Punica granatum L. --- pomegranate skin extract --- pomegranate fruit extract --- nutraceutical properties --- biological properties --- cladodes --- Opuntia --- antioxidants --- polyphenols --- SFE-CO2 --- rutin --- iso-quercitrin --- nicotiflorin --- narcissin --- n/a --- sol-gel coating

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Biomarkers of environmental toxicants are measures of exposures, some of which can serve to assess disease risk and inter-individual susceptibilities. Metabolites, protein and DNA adducts also serve to elucidate the mechanisms of the bioactivation and detoxication of reactive toxicant intermediates. Some environmental chemicals act as modulators of gene and protein activity, and induce the dysbiosis of the microbiome, which impacts the metabolome and overall health. In this Special Issue on “Biomarkers of Environmental Toxicants”, review articles and original research studies are featured, covering the latest bioanalytical, biochemical and mass spectrometry-based technologies, to monitor exposures through targeted and non-targeted methods, and mechanistic studies that examine the biological effects of environmental toxicants in cells and humans. Diverse topics, such as exposome, microbiome, DNA/protein adducts and t-RNA modifications, as well as important environment toxicants, including heavy metals, benzene, phthalates, aldehydes, glycidol, tobacco smoke and aristolochic acids, are covered. Novel analytical methods, such as protein adductomics, DNA adduct analysis in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues, site-specific mutagenesis assay and accelerator mass spectrometry, are also included. This collection provides a valuable update of the most recent biochemical and analytical tools that employ biomarkers in toxicology research, biomarker discovery, and exposure and risk assessment in population-based studies.

manganese --- lead --- cadmium --- arsenic --- hair --- children --- environment --- carcinogen --- DNA adducts --- biomonitoring --- formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues --- biomarker --- mass spectrometry --- human biomonitoring --- urine --- non-occupational exposure --- S-phenyl-mercapturic acid --- HPLC-MS/MS --- glycidol --- Hb adduct --- N-(2.3-dihydroxypropyl)valine --- in vivo --- cancer risk --- UPLC/MS/MS --- aristolochic acids --- food contamination --- environmental pollution --- root uptake --- aristolochic acid nephropathy --- Balkan endemic nephropathy --- chronic kidney disease --- tobacco smoke --- human carcinogen --- biomarkers --- epitranscriptomics --- tRNA modifications --- stress response mechanisms --- codon-biased translation --- phthalate --- DEHP --- human exposure --- toxicity --- reproductive --- accelerator mass spectrometry --- cavity ring down spectrophotometry --- radiocarbon --- naphthalene --- benzo[a]pyrene --- cell turnover --- triclocarban --- metastasis --- haemoglobin --- albumin --- protein adducts --- aldehydes --- genotoxicity --- cancer --- diseases --- oxidative stress --- exposure biomarkers --- high-resolution mass spectrometry --- data-dependent profiling --- derivatization --- biological fluids --- isotope labeling --- DNA lesion --- DNA damage --- shuttle vector technique --- replication block --- mutagenicity --- mutational spectrum --- mutational signature --- DNA repair --- DNA adduct bypass --- site-specific mutagenesis --- chemical exposome --- environmental monitoring --- disease --- bioinformatics --- gut microbiome --- chemical toxicity --- n/a

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Polymer science and technology in Italy represent long-lasting and interdisciplinary fields in which chemistry, physics, and engineering mix together to produce studies which are considered among the best in the world. Several research groups coming from very different fields often collaborate in the design of the material, of the part, and of the processing technology to obtain innovative products with outstanding, new, and smart properties. Examples of the contributions of Italian research in the field are featured in top journals and conferences throughout the world. This Special Issue collects an overview of polymer science and technology in Italy. The research topics include: polymer composites and nanocomposites; biodegradable polymers; polymers with special properties and smart polymers; advanced characterization of polymers; new and innovative polymer processes; modeling of polymer processing; polymeric materials in additive manufacturing; process–properties relationships; polymeric parts for special applications.

polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes --- nanocomposites --- POSS --- polystyrene --- thermal behavior --- SEM analysis --- soy flour --- soy protein isolate --- insoluble carbohydrates --- periodate oxidation --- aldehydes generation --- condensation reactions --- soy adhesives --- biodegradable polymers --- rheological properties --- irrigation pipes --- soil burial test --- polyesters --- Bio-Flex® --- Mater-Bi® --- polymer degradation --- photo-oxidation --- pectin --- alginate --- biocomposites --- food packaging --- degradable films --- ionic liquids --- 3D printing --- digital light processing --- CO2 capture --- furanic polymer --- spectroscopy --- solid-state 13C-NMR --- FTIR --- Raman --- linear structure --- ring opening --- γ-lactone --- Diels-Alder --- SAS coprecipitation --- controlled drug delivery systems --- microparticles --- eudragit --- supercritical carbon dioxide --- dental materials --- composite resin --- layered double hydroxide --- calcium bentonite --- antibiofilm activity --- injection molding --- structure/properties relationship --- cavity temperature fast modulation --- chitosan --- cyclodextrin --- macromolecular complex --- dalargin --- enkephalin --- chymotrypsin --- NMR --- oral peptide delivery --- peptide stability --- cold-cure --- epoxy resins --- organic-inorganic hybrids --- sol-gel --- layered double hydroxides --- carbon nanotubes --- electrical properties --- polyphenols --- flavonoids --- furanics --- sulphur --- bio-polymers --- pentane --- heating value --- mulch films --- Ecovio® --- polylactide --- poly(butyleneadipate-co-butyleneterephtalate) --- polyethylene --- polymer melt --- primary and secondary relaxations --- Johari-Goldstein relaxation --- bond reorientation --- vibrational dynamics --- molecular-dynamics simulations --- UV-LED curing --- epoxy-acrylate resin --- biochar --- multiwalled carbon nanotubes --- composites --- reduced graphene oxide --- polyketone functionalization --- electrically-conductive nanocomposites --- UHMWPE --- wear tests --- bio-activity --- history --- cyclodextrin nanosponge --- crosslinked polymer --- diclofenac --- mefenamic acid --- molecular imprinting --- delayed addition --- binding isotherm --- binding selectivity --- imprinting factor --- polymers --- life cycle assessment --- polymeric materials --- sustainability --- plastic --- LCA --- additive manufacturing --- LCD printing --- epoxy --- polymer blends --- thermomechanical properties --- n/a