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Les architectures de terre et de bois d’époque romaine étaient, il y a quelques années encore, très mal connues. Des fouilles récentes ont apporté de nombreuses données. Cet ouvrage tente un premier point : s’agit-il de survivances protohistoriques ? comment se présentent ces techniques de construction ? à quelles conditions socio-économiques répondent-elles ? L’approche archéologique et textuelle s’accompagne des enseignements livrés par des expériences contemporaines. Earth and wood constructions of the Roman era were, until several years ago, very little known. Recent excavations have provided us with considerable information. This work attempts to answer primary questions such as : are these protohistorical survivals ? what construction techniques were used ? what socio-economic conditions do they correspond to ? The textual and archaeological approach go along with informationobtained by contemporary experiments.

City planning --- Planification urbaine --- Building, Wooden --- Earthworks (Archaeology) --- Congresses --- Europe --- Gaul --- Antiquities --- Buildings, Wooden --- Congresses. --- Wood construction --- Wooden architecture --- Wooden building --- Building --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- Fortification, Prehistoric --- Gallia --- Gaule --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- Antiquités --- Congrès --- Building with wood --- Building, Wooden - Europe - Congresses --- Building, Wooden - Gaul - Congresses --- Earthworks (Archaeology) - Europe - Congresses --- Earthworks (Archaeology) - Gaul - Congresses --- Europe - Antiquities - Congresses --- Gaul - Antiquities - Congresses --- habitat --- Moyen Âge --- Antiquité --- Protohistoire --- monde romain --- province occidentale --- INDE --- GEOGRAPHIE URBAINE --- VILLES

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Partition de l’Inde en 1947, partition du Pakistan en 1971, sécessionnisme des Tigres tamouls à Sri Lanka, régionalisme tournant à la lutte armée dans plusieurs États indiens, conflits inter-religieux et divisions sectaires, revendications linguistiques, poussée du nationalisme hindou mais aussi des mouvements de castes : les tensions identitaires ont marqué de leur sceau l’histoire du dernier demi-siècle en Asie du Sud. Récusant l’approche essentialiste qui enferme les hommes et les communautés dans des stéréotypes propices à toutes les manipulations, ce volume souligne comment se construisent, dans un sous-continent extraordinairement divers, les figures de l’identité, et comment elles se croisent dans des superpositions, des enchevêtrements, des glissements d’appartenances. Identités religieuses, culturelles, sociales, politiques, voire économiques ; identités nationales et régionales : c’est à diverses échelles et par des voies multiples — anthropologie, histoire, sociologie, littérature, sciences politiques — que les auteurs de cet ouvrage éclairent les complexes réalités du champ sud-asiatique. Mais en se penchant sur l’Inde, le Pakistan, le Bangladesh, Sri Lanka ou le Népal, ils apportent aussi leur contribution à des débats plus larges sur l’ethnographie coloniale, l’orientalisme, les lectures et usages de l’histoire, les constructions culturelles de l’identité, les pratiques identitaires des communismes asiatiques, la critique post-moderne de l’État-nation et du sécularisme, pour enrichir une problématique majeure qui agite aujourd’hui, à travers un monde dit globalisé, tant les peuples que les intellectuels et les politiques.

Group identity --- Identité collective --- South Asia --- Asie méridionale --- Civilization. --- Politics and government. --- History --- Civilisation --- Politique et gouvernement --- Histoire --- Identité collective --- Asie méridionale --- Minorities --- Ethnicity --- Ethnic identity --- Cultural fusion --- Multiculturalism --- Cultural pluralism --- Ethnic minorities --- Foreign population --- Minority groups --- Persons --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Discrimination --- Ethnic relations --- Majorities --- Plebiscite --- Race relations --- Segregation --- Collective identity --- Community identity --- Cultural identity --- Social identity --- Identity (Psychology) --- Social psychology --- Collective memory --- Political activity --- Political aspects --- Asia, South --- Asia, Southern --- Indian Sub-continent --- Indian Subcontinent --- Southern Asia --- Orient --- Ethnic relations. --- Identité collective - Asie méridionale --- Ethnicité - Asie méridionale --- Religion et politique - Asie méridionale --- Minorités - Asie méridionale --- South Asia - Civilization --- South Asia - Politics and government --- South Asia - History --- Asie méridionale - Relations interethniques --- politique --- histoire --- colonisation --- identité --- armée --- partition --- Ethnicité --- Religion et politique --- Minorités

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The present volume offers to the reader a multi-faceted dialogue between noted experts from two major agricultural countries, both founding members of the Word Trade Organisation, each one with different stakes in the great globalisation game: France, the world's second-ranking exporter of agricultural products and headquarters of a number of very active agro-business companies; and India, crossing the one billion population mark while emerging from its traditional protectionism, and legitimately concerned about preserving the interests of its huge farming community and not falling victim to the profit logic of the multinational corporations. After providing the recent historical background of agricultural policies in India and France, the contributors address burning issues related to market and regulation, food security and food safety, the expected benefits from the WTO and the genuine problems raised by the new forms of international trade in agriculture, including the sensitive question of intellectual property rights in bio-technologies. Whatever the differences between the two countries, and eventually their conflict of interests, this informed volume underlines the necessity of moving beyond the North-South divide, in order to address the real challenges of the future; a fair global order in a sector vital for the world, the multi-functionality of agriculture, the access for all to secure and safe food, the preservation of common goods and the ethical dimension of science and technology.

Tariff on farm produce --- Produce trade --- Agricultural subsidies --- Globalization --- Government policy --- Economic aspects --- World Trade Organization --- Global cities --- Globalisation --- Internationalization --- International relations --- Anti-globalization movement --- Agricultural industries --- Farm subsidies --- Agriculture and state --- Subsidies --- Agricultural marketing --- Agricultural products --- Food trade --- Agriculture --- Food industry and trade --- Commodity exchanges --- Farm produce --- Tariff on agricultural products --- Tariff --- Biśva Bāṇijya Saṃsthā --- Dėlkhiĭn Khudaldaany Baĭguullaga --- DTÖ --- Dünya Ticaret Örgütü --- Munaẓẓamat al-Tijārah al-ʻĀlamīyah --- O.M.C. --- OMC --- ʻOngkān Kānkhā Lōk --- Organisation mondiale du commerce --- Organização Mundial do Comércio --- Organización Mundial de Comercio --- Organización Mundial del Comercio --- Organizația Mondială de Comerț --- Organizzazione mondiale del commercio --- Organizzazione mondiale per il commercio --- Qaṅgkār Bāṇijjakamm Bibhab Lok --- Sāzmān-i Tijārat-i Jahānī --- Shi jie mao yi zu zhi --- SOT --- Světová obchodní organizace --- Svitova orhanizat︠s︡ii︠a︡ torhivli --- Światowa Organizacja Handlu --- Tổ chức thương mại thế giới --- Viśva Vyapāra Saṅgaṭhana --- Vsemirnai︠a︡ torgovai︠a︡ organizat︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- VTO --- W.T.O. --- Welthandelsorganisation --- World Trade Organisation --- WTO --- منظمة التجارة العالمية --- 世界貿易組織 --- 世界贸易组织 --- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization) --- agriculture --- politics --- trade --- developing country --- France --- India

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Les « Modes Amiables de Résolution des Conflits » (MARC) représentent toutes les méthodes qui permettent de résoudre un différend sans recours au juge, telles que la médiation, la conciliation, la négociation, la négociation raisonnée, la transaction, la procédure participative, l’avis technique ou juridique amiable, procès simulé, etc. Aujourd’hui, dans la pratique des affaires, tant en France qu’à l’international, les MARC ont le vent en poupe. Issu d’un colloque, cet ouvrage s’adresse aux professionnels du droit, aux chercheurs, aux juristes d’entreprise et aux PME qui sont souvent tentés par le recours aux MARC et souhaitent connaître avec précision le régime et l’effet des accords amiables. L’objectif est d’explorer toutes les questions qui se posent lorsque les parties à un différend économique l'ont résolu au moyen d'un accord amiable, au moment où elles doivent concrètement mettre en œuvre cet accord. En particulier, comment rédiger l'accord et comment garantir son exécution ?

Law --- accord amiable --- accords de règlement internationaux --- droit européen --- droit international --- médiation

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Asia and the Pacific, an immense region, both new and old, in which two thirds of the world lives. A region of superlatives, exceptions, China, continually facing disasters and risks from its past, India, a continent of its own, Japan, archipelago of the future. It is a region that is attracting global growth and becoming the centre of the world. Who could have predicted that the GDP of Asia and the Pacific would be equal to that of the European Union? And what will tomorrow bring? This compilation gives an overview of Asia's world, bringing together roughly a hundred texts written by researchers and specialists and that have been published on Asia and the Pacific Network's website (CNRS/FMSH) between 2002 and 2011. These works covering the humanities and social science recount the past, tell us of the future and illustrate the complexity of Asia and the Pacific through its flaws, strengths and challenges. They reveal the profound roots and depth of the dynamism of these new powers that could soon take over the future of humanity. Numerous researchers and academics specialising in contemporary Asia and the Pacific are bringing into light many aspects of this great and inevitable shift in the world.

Asian Studies --- Political Science --- politique --- économie --- Pacifique --- economics --- Pacific --- politics