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In the Upper Egyptian city of Edfu, laying 110 km upriver from Luxor, stands the most complete surviving temple of ancient Egypt. The temple, dedicated to Horus, was begun in 327 BCE under Ptolemy III and continued in several building phases. The final phase began in 116 BCE with the completion of the courtyard enclosure and the monumental pylon, which reached a height of 32 meters and towered over the temple and the surrounding city. The closed facade of the gateway gives the impression that it and the neighboring pylons were associated with a massive building project of the New Kingdom. This situation has led to observations about the interior of the building that have gone unnoticed in previous studies of the complex, which contains an eight-story building with two staircases and thirty-six internal rooms. Ulrike Fauerbach has analyzed the building by screening its architecture and placing it in its typological context. This study is concerned with the best preserved multi-story building of ancient Egypt and, on that basis, offers a new point of view into the transformative period from pharaonic to Greek building techniques. Fauerbach demonstrates that the fifty-ton blocks used in the construction of the site were dragged up ramps to the required height and were then shifted into place with levers, although at cranes were already being employed in other constructions sites from the same period. Despite this traditional building technique, the building survives as a masterwork of pharaonic architecture, which the research shows by examining countless details such as the steps, the doors, the use of light, the secret passages to the treasury, and not least in the ritual use of the building.

Temples --- Architecture --- Temple of Horus (Idfū, Egypt) --- Idfū (Egypt) --- Buildings, structures, etc. --- Temples - Egypt - Idfū --- Architecture - Egypt - Idfū --- Idfū (Egypt) - Buildings, structures, etc.

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Temples --- Architecture --- Cults --- Cultes --- Temple of Horus (Idfu, Egypt) --- Philae (Egypt) --- Idfu (Egypt) --- Philae (Egypte) --- Edfou (Egypte) --- Antiquities --- Antiquités --- Temple of Horus (Idfū, Egypt) --- Philæ Island. --- Temple of Horus (Idfū, Egypt) --- Temple of Horus (Idfū, Egypt). --- Idfū (Egypt) --- Antiquités --- Philæ Island --- Temples - Egypt --- Architecture - Egypt --- Cults - Egypt --- Antiquities.

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Der Tempel der Göttin Hathor in Dendara besitzt zahlreiche kleinere Räume und Kapellen, die durch architektonisch eigens hervorgehobene Zugänge miteinander verbunden, aber auch voneinander abgetrennt sind. Diese wie der Rest des Tempels beschrifteten Zugänge geben sowohl Auskunft über die theologische Gesamtkonzeption des Kultbaus als auch über die jeweils unterschiedliche Bestimmung der einzelnen Räume. In den hieroglyphischen Texten der Türen werden Hathor und andere in Dendara verehrte Gottheiten in Hymnen gepriesen und verschiedene Aspekte der Theologie des Heiligtums abgehandelt. Jan Tattkos Studie widmet sich diesen Texten auf den Türen. Analysiert werden die Wechselwirkungen zwischen Dekoration und Architektur: Es wird aufgezeigt, wie durch die Redaktion und Neukonzeption von Textsequenzen und Einzelaussagen aus unterschiedlichen Versatzstücken kohärente Textkompositionen entstanden sind, die an ihren Anbringungsort adaptiert wurden. Somit stehen vor allem Intertextualität und die Frage nach einem einheitlichen Konzept der Inschriften im Fokus der Untersuchung. Dazu werden die Türinschriften inhaltlich und sprachstilistisch untersucht und mit der umliegenden Dekoration verglichen. Die Untersuchung gibt nicht nur Einblicke in den Gestaltungswillen der ägyptischen Priester und in die Dekorationsplanung eines späten ägyptischen Tempels, sondern liefert durch die inhaltliche Analyse der Texte gleichzeitig einen Überblick über die Theologie des Heiligtums in Dendara.

Inscriptions, Egyptian --- Architecture --- Demotic inscriptions --- Egyptian inscriptions --- Egyptian language --- Hieratic inscriptions --- Hieroglyphic inscriptions (Egyptian) --- Inscriptions, Demotic --- Inscriptions, Hieratic --- Inscriptions, Hieroglyphic (Egyptian) --- Architecture, Western (Western countries) --- Building design --- Buildings --- Construction --- Western architecture (Western countries) --- Art --- Building --- Design and construction --- Temple of Hathor (Dandara, Egypt) --- Dandara (Egypt) --- Dendara (Egypt) --- Dendʹerah (Egypt) --- Dendera (Egypt) --- Antiquities. --- Inscriptions égyptiennes --- Littérature religieuse égyptienne ancienne. --- Histoire religieuse --- Inscriptions, Egyptian Egypt Dandara. --- Dendérah (ville ancienne) --- Égypte --- Temple of Hathor (Dandara, Egypt). --- Egypt --- Temple d'Hathor. --- Religion 332 B.C.-640 A.D. --- Antiquities --- Mahgar Dendera Site (Egypt) --- Temple of Hathor (Dandera, Egypt). --- Architecture, Primitive --- Inscriptions, Egyptian - Egypt - Dandara --- Inscriptions, Egyptian - Translations into German --- Architecture - Egypt - Dandara --- Dandara (Egypt) - Antiquities --- Inscriptions égyptiennes --- Littérature religieuse égyptienne ancienne. --- Dendérah (ville ancienne) --- Égypte