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Plants experience water stress either when the water supply to their roots becomes limiting, or when the transpiration rate becomes intense. Water stress is primarily caused by a water deficit, such as a drought or high soil salinity. Each year, water stress on arable plants in different parts of the world disrupts agriculture and food supply with the final consequence: famine. Hence, the ability to withstand such stress is of immense economic importance. Plants try to adapt to the stress conditions with an array of biochemical and physiological interventions. This multi-authored edited compilation puts forth an all-inclusive picture on the mechanism and adaptation aspects of water stress. The prime objective of the book is to deliver a thoughtful mixture of viewpoints which will be useful to workers in all areas of plant sciences. We trust that the material covered in this book will be valuable in building strategies to counter water stress in plants.

Plants --- Effect of galactose on. --- Plants, Effect of galactose on --- Galactose --- Physiological effect --- Effect of sugars on --- Life Sciences --- Earth Science --- Hydrology --- Environmental Sciences

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Microalgae and seaweeds are a renewable source of potent bioactive ingredients with confirmed positive impacts on health and wellness. The interest in—and awareness of—the need to improve quality of life and well-being has led to a greater consumption of nutraceuticals, as well as the use of cosmeceuticals for “well-aging”. In this context, algae and microalgae are currently gaining immense popularity within the functional food, nutraceutical, and cosmeceutical industries. Recent advances in the characterization and evaluation of the biological properties of the whole material, fractions, or isolated compounds of algae and microalgae enable their use as ingredients for the development of novel nutraceutical and cosmeceutical products.

Medicine --- polysaccharides --- health benefits --- health risks --- biomedical --- polymer seasonal variation --- red seaweeds --- agarose --- agarotriose --- 3,6-anhydro-l-galactose --- prebiotics --- anti-colon cancer activity --- α-neoagarooligosaccharide hydrolase --- exo-acting 3,6-anhydro-α-(1,3)-L-galactosidase --- BpGH117 --- 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose --- human gut bacterium --- Bacteroides plebeius --- marine ingredients --- algae --- sensitive skin --- cosmetics --- seaweed --- protein --- extraction --- bioactive peptides --- industrial application --- marine macroalgae --- ingredients --- additives --- bioactives --- nutricosmetics --- Caulerpa racemosa --- Ulva lactuca --- nutritional --- potential --- SWE --- peloids --- microalgae --- cyanobacteria --- dermocosmetics --- mineral water --- seawater --- anti-obesity --- anti-inflammation --- anti-steatosis --- molecular networking

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The Special Issue “Marine Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidants Agents 2021” collected the latest research, both in vitro and in vivo, on natural compounds from a variety of deep-sea organisms with anti-inflammatory and/or antioxidant properties as potential candidates for new drug discovery, and more generally for the field of marine biotechnology. The research presented here discusses the potential benefits of certain peptides and proteins derived from oysters, blue mussels, and cyanobacteria, as well as the carotenoid pigment astaxanthin, which is found in a variety of marine organisms. This Special Issue has carved out an important space for crude extracts from marine products, such as microalgae and green algae, highlighting their potential benefits to human health. Finally, the Special Issue includes a review of the benefits of some natural compounds derived from the algal biome against inflammatory bowel diseases, as well as a research article identifying the presence of the OvoA gene in arthropods for the first time. Through an excursus of high-quality research, this Special Issue provides the entire scientific community with new tools and insights to catch a molecular treasure for human health from the sea.

Medicine --- Pharmacology --- algal biome --- polysaccharides --- bioactive entities --- engineered cues --- therapeutic attributes --- inflammatory bowel disease --- microalgae --- Tisochrysis lutea --- fucoxanthin --- inflammation --- RAW 264.7 --- microRNA --- astaxanthin --- dendritic cells --- sepsis --- immune dysfunction --- lipopolysaccharide --- oxidative stress --- Ulva lactuca --- polysaccharide --- D-galactose --- kidney --- oyster peptides --- spermatogenesis --- apoptosis --- hormone --- testis --- C-phycoerythrin --- Phormidium persicinum --- acute kidney injury --- mercury --- endoplasmic reticulum stress --- bioactive peptide --- cytoprotective --- endothelial dysfunction --- blue mussel --- acute liver injury --- ferroptosis --- oyster --- peptide --- pyroptosis --- zooplankton --- natural products --- antioxidant --- transcriptome mining

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The progress in the area of nanotechnology has opened the door for the fabrication of soft, biological, and composite nanomaterials for targeted applications. Nanomaterials are known to enhance the properties and functionality of composite materials several fold. The properties for the desired applications can often be achieved by the addition of small amounts of nanomaterials into soft materials such as polymers, gels, and biomaterials. This book condenses investigations by scientific groups from highly diverse research fields, which will be beneficial for the wider scientific community.

Technology: general issues --- oxygen nanobubbles --- phospholipids --- polyethylene glycol --- ultrasound imaging --- electrospinning --- nanocomposites --- porous TiO2 nanofiber --- light harvesting --- additive --- dye-sensitized solar cells --- graphene oxide --- Sertoli cells --- Leydig cells --- apoptosis --- oxidative stress --- mitochondrial membrane potential --- DNA damage --- chitosan --- polycaprolactone --- shape memory --- stretchability --- polyurethane --- biocomposite --- methotrexate --- cubic phase --- magnetocubosomes --- monoolein --- liquid crystalline phase --- drug delivery system --- alternating magnetic field --- laser ablation --- nanofibers --- poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) --- Au nanoparticles --- neutralization --- characterization of materials --- depth-sensing indentation --- adhesion --- the BG method --- non-destructive testing --- reagent-free colorimetric assay --- galactose determination --- nanoceria --- agarose gel --- galactosemia diagnosis --- nanodiamond --- composite --- 3D-printed scaffold

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This book collects 17 original research papers and 9 reviews that are part of the Special Issue “Cellular Oxidative Stress”, published in the journal Antioxidants. Oxidative stress on a cellular level affects the function of tissues and organs and may eventually lead to disease. Therefore, a precise understanding of how oxidative stress develops and can be counteracted is of utmost importance. The scope of the book is to emphasize the latest findings on the cellular targets of oxidative stress and the potential beneficial effect of antioxidants on human health.

Medicine --- neuroinflammation --- clinical --- palmitoylethanolamide --- luteolin --- co-ultramicronization --- CNS pathology --- adaptive immune response --- cell homeostasis --- legumes --- liver --- hepatic steatosis --- lipid dyshomeostasis --- ROS --- traumatic brain injury --- palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) --- therapeutic strategies --- oxidative stress. --- RNA-Seq --- RPE --- Retinitis pigmentosa --- A2E --- diabetes --- glucose exposure --- oxidative stress --- Band 3 protein --- erythrocytes --- SO42− --- 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal --- 3-glutathionyl-4-hydroxynonanal --- astrocytoma cells --- soy --- soybeans --- soy foods --- antioxidants --- reactive oxygen species --- cardiovascular diseases --- cancer --- paw edema --- cashew nuts --- antioxidant --- inflammation --- polyphenols --- analgesic --- d-Galactose --- glycation --- SO42− uptake --- anion exchange --- diseases --- immune system --- NF-κB --- cigarette smoke extract --- nasal fibroblasts --- tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases --- matrix metalloproteinase --- steroids --- Plasmodium falciparum --- syk kinase inhibitors --- artemisinin derivatives --- hemichromes --- cellular redox state --- mitochondrial function --- cisplatin nephrotoxicity --- acute pancreatitis --- obesity --- nitrosative stress --- PGC-1α --- microparticles --- vesiculation --- band 3 --- tert-Bytyl hydroperoxide t-BOOH --- nitric oxide donor --- calcium ionophore A23187 --- age-related macular degeneration (AMD) --- diet --- Substance-P --- adipose-derived stem cells --- paracrine factors --- epilepsy --- status epilepticus --- Trolox --- HeLa --- prooxidant --- AVD --- apoptosis --- neurodegeneration --- ncRNA --- miRNA --- tRNA fragments --- lncRNA --- circRNA --- preeclampsia --- hemostasis --- platelets --- coagulation --- fish --- mucosal immunity --- nasal immunity --- peroxide --- vitamin C --- NAC --- immunosenescence --- T cells --- vaccination --- aging --- microvascular permeability --- bradykinin --- interleukin 1β --- NADPH oxidase --- simvastatin --- molecular hydrogen --- autophagy --- matrix metalloproteinases --- reactive oxygen species (ROS) --- phytochemicals --- dietary chemicals --- natural compounds --- programmed cell death --- anoikis --- ferroptosis --- pyroptosis