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Due to a trend towards miniaturization of many MEMS devices and thus also the cavity volumes of inertial sensors, the influence of slight changes in the damping atmosphere in sensor cavities on the reliability of the sensors is increasing. In this work, mechanisms affecting the pressure stability of gyroscopes are investigated and countermeasures are presented. A focus is placed on desorption sources as well as gas diffusion paths in the sensor layer stack.

Mechanical engineering & materials --- MEMS-Sensor --- Drehratensensor --- Inertialsensor --- Dämpfung --- Q-Faktor --- MEMS sensor --- gyroscope --- inertial sensor --- damping atmosphere --- Q factor

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This book provides the latest theoretical analysis and design methodologies of different types of Coriolis vibratory gyroscopes (CVG). Together, the chapters analyze different types of sensitive element designs and their kinematics, derivation of motion equations, analysis of sensitive elements dynamics in modulated and demodulated signals, calculation and optimization of main performance characteristics, and signal processing and control. Essential aspects of numerical simulation of CVG using Simulink® are also covered. This is an ideal book for graduate students, researchers, and engineers working in fields that require gyroscope application, including but not limited to: inertial sensors and systems, automotive and consumer electronics, small unmanned aircraft control systems, personal mobile navigation systems and related software development, and augmented and virtual reality systems.

Gyroscopes. --- Gyroscopic instruments. --- Electrical Engineering --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Gyros (Gyroscopes) --- Gyroscope --- Gyroscopes --- Physical instruments --- Rotational motion (Rigid dynamics) --- Tops --- Electronics. --- Engineering. --- Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Nanoscale Science and Technology. --- Control and Systems Theory. --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Electrical engineering --- Physical sciences --- Microelectronics. --- Nanotechnology. --- Nanoscale science. --- Nanoscience. --- Nanostructures. --- Control engineering. --- Control engineering --- Control equipment --- Control theory --- Engineering instruments --- Automation --- Programmable controllers --- Nanoscience --- Physics --- Nano science --- Nanoscale science --- Nanosciences --- Science --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Microminiature electronic equipment --- Microminiaturization (Electronics) --- Electronics --- Microtechnology --- Semiconductors --- Miniature electronic equipment

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MEMS Vibratory Gyroscopes provides a solid foundation in the theory and fundamental operational principles of micromachined vibratory rate gyroscopes, and introduces structural designs that provide inherent robustness against structural and environmental variations. In part one, the dynamics of the vibratory gyroscope sensing element is developed, common micro-fabrication processes and methods commonly used in inertial sensor production are summarized, design of mechanical structures for both linear and torsional gyroscopes are presented, and electrical actuation and detection methods are discussed along with details on experimental characterization of MEMS gyroscopes. In part two, design concepts that improve robustness of the micromachined sensing element are introduced, supported by constructive computational examples and experimental results illustrating the material. MEMS Vibratory Gyroscopes is a must have book for engineers in both industry and academia who specialize in the design and manufacture of gyroscopes. Readers will find: A unique balance between theory and practical design issues. Comprehensive and detailed information outlining the mathematical models of the mechanical structure and system-level sensor design. Solid background Information on mechanical and electrical design, fabrication, packaging, testing and characterization. About The MEMs Reference Shelf: "The MEMs Reference Shelf is a series devoted to Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMs) which combine mechanical, electrical, optical, or fluidic elements on a common microfabricated substrate to create sensors, actuators, and microsystems. The series, authored by leading MEMs practitioners, strives to provide a framework where basic principles, known methodologies and new applications are integrated in a coherent and consistent manner." STEPHEN D. SENTURIA Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Professor of Electrical Engineering, Emeritus.

Cobordism theory. --- Differentiable mappings. --- Topological transformation groups. --- Mechanical Engineering - General --- Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Gyroscopes. --- Microelectromechanical systems. --- MEMS (Microelectromechanical systems) --- Micro-electro-mechanical systems --- Micro-machinery --- Microelectromechanical devices --- Micromachinery --- Micromachines --- Micromechanical devices --- Micromechanical systems --- Gyros (Gyroscopes) --- Gyroscope --- Engineering. --- Mechanical engineering. --- Automotive engineering. --- Electronics. --- Microelectronics. --- Electronic circuits. --- Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation. --- Circuits and Systems. --- Automotive Engineering. --- Mechanical Engineering. --- 51 --- 51 Mathematics --- Mathematics --- Mathematical analysis --- Electromechanical devices --- Microtechnology --- Mechatronics --- Rotational motion (Rigid dynamics) --- Tops --- Systems engineering. --- Engineering, Mechanical --- Engineering --- Machinery --- Steam engineering --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Engineering systems --- System engineering --- Industrial engineering --- System analysis --- Electrical engineering --- Physical sciences --- Design and construction --- Algebraic topology --- Topologie algébrique --- Transformation groups --- Transformations, Groupes de --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes --- Electronics --- Microminiature electronic equipment --- Microminiaturization (Electronics) --- Semiconductors --- Miniature electronic equipment --- Lie, Groupes de --- Géometrie différentielle --- Algebraic topology. --- Transformation groups. --- Géometrie différentielle --- Topologie algébrique --- Variétés topologiques --- Topologie differentielle --- Analyse harmonique

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The demographic shift of the population towards an increase in the number of elderly citizens, together with the sedentary lifestyle we are adopting, is reflected in the increasingly debilitated physical health of the population. The resulting physical impairments require rehabilitation therapies which may be assisted by the use of wearable sensors or body area network sensors (BANs). The use of novel technology for medical therapies can also contribute to reducing the costs in healthcare systems and decrease patient overflow in medical centers. Sensors are the primary enablers of any wearable medical device, with a central role in eHealth architectures. The accuracy of the acquired data depends on the sensors; hence, when considering wearable and BAN sensing integration, they must be proven to be accurate and reliable solutions. This book is a collection of works focusing on the current state-of-the-art of BANs and wearable sensing devices for physical rehabilitation of impaired or debilitated citizens. The manuscripts that compose this book report on the advances in the research related to different sensing technologies (optical or electronic) and body area network sensors (BANs), their design and implementation, advanced signal processing techniques, and the application of these technologies in areas such as physical rehabilitation, robotics, medical diagnostics, and therapy.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- fog computing --- cloud computing --- e-health --- healthcare --- Internet of Things --- paddle stroke analysis --- motion reconstruction --- inertial sensor --- data fusion --- body sensor network --- gait analysis --- gyroscope --- information fusion --- hidden Markov model --- human activity recognition --- out of distribution --- anomaly detection --- open set classification --- physiotherapy --- inertial sensors --- smart watch --- rehabilitation --- machine learning --- COPD --- wearable sensors --- SenseWear Armband --- physical activity --- weekday-to-weekend --- energy expenditure --- stress --- wearable device --- heart rate variability --- electrocardiogram --- scapula neuromuscular activity and control --- rotator cuff related pain syndrome --- anterior shoulder instability --- scapular dyskinesis --- electromyographic biofeedback --- cardio-respiratory monitoring --- wearable system --- smart textile --- IMU --- respiratory rate --- heart rate --- accelerometers --- Bland–Altman plots --- gait speed --- interclass correlation coefficient --- low frequency extension filter --- Stepwatch --- smart walker --- obstacle detection --- aging --- n/a --- Bland-Altman plots

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This book provides a collection of comprehensive research articles on data analytics and applications of wearable devices in healthcare. This Special Issue presents 28 research studies from 137 authors representing 37 institutions from 19 countries. To facilitate the understanding of the research articles, we have organized the book to show various aspects covered in this field, such as eHealth, technology-integrated research, prediction models, rehabilitation studies, prototype systems, community health studies, ergonomics design systems, technology acceptance model evaluation studies, telemonitoring systems, warning systems, application of sensors in sports studies, clinical systems, feasibility studies, geographical location based systems, tracking systems, observational studies, risk assessment studies, human activity recognition systems, impact measurement systems, and a systematic review. We would like to take this opportunity to invite high quality research articles for our next Special Issue entitled “Digital Health and Smart Sensors for Better Management of Cancer and Chronic Diseases” as a part of Sensors journal.

Humanities --- Social interaction --- eHealth --- wearable --- monitoring --- services --- integration --- IoT --- Telemedicine --- wearable sensors --- multivariate analysis --- longitudinal study --- functional decline --- exercise intervention --- accidental falls --- fall detection --- real-world --- signal analysis --- performance measures --- non-wearable sensors --- accelerometers --- cameras --- machine learning --- smart textiles --- healthcare --- talking detection --- activity recognition and monitoring --- patient health and state monitoring --- wearable sensing --- orientation-invariant sensing --- motion sensors --- accelerometer --- gyroscope --- magnetometer --- pattern classification --- artificial intelligence --- supervised machine learning --- predictive analytics --- hemodialysis --- non-contact sensor --- heart rate --- respiration rate --- heart rate variability --- time-domain features --- frequency-domain features --- principal component analysis --- behaviour analysis --- classifier efficiency --- personal risk detection --- one-class classification --- actigraphy --- encoding --- data compression --- denoising --- edge computing --- signal processing --- wearables --- activity monitoring --- citizen science --- cluster analysis --- physical activity --- sedentary behavior --- walking --- energy expenditure --- wearable device --- impedance pneumography --- neural network --- mechanocardiogram (MCG) --- smart clothes --- heart failure (HF) --- left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) --- technology acceptance model (TAM) --- physical activity classification --- free-living --- GENEactiv accelerometer --- Gaussian mixture model --- hidden Markov model --- wavelets --- skill assessment --- deep learning --- LSTM --- state space model --- probabilistic inference --- latent features --- human activity recognition --- MIMU --- genetic algorithm --- feature selection --- classifier optimization --- bispectrum --- entropy --- feature extraction --- heat stroke --- filtering algorithm --- physiological parameters --- exercise experiment --- biomedical signal processing --- wearable biomedical sensors --- wireless sensor network --- respiratory monitoring --- optoelectronic plethysmography --- biofeedback --- biomedical technology --- exercise therapy --- orthopedics --- mobile health --- qualitative --- human factors --- inertial measurement unit --- disease prevention --- occupational healthcare --- P-Ergonomics --- precision ergonomics --- musculoskeletal disorders --- wellbeing at work --- electrocardiogram --- conductive gels --- noncontact electrode --- myocardial ischemia --- pacemaker --- ventricular premature contraction --- upper extremity --- motion --- action research arm test --- activities of daily living --- IoT wearable monitor --- health --- posture analysis --- spinal posture --- wearable sensor --- embedded system --- recurrent neural networks --- physical workload --- wearable systems for healthcare --- machine learning for real-time applications --- actigraph --- body worn sensors --- clothing sensors --- cross correlation analysis --- healthcare movement sensing --- wearable devices --- calibration --- inertial measurement units --- human movement --- physical activity type --- real-life --- GPS --- GIS --- n/a