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The Messier Catalogue is a list of one hundred and ten galaxies, star clusters and nebulae, and includes many of the brightest and best-known objects in the sky. Amateur astronomers can challenge their abilities by attempting to find all the objects on the list in one night, and thus complete the Messier Marathon. This book contains over 90 easy-to-use star maps to guide the observer from one object to the next, and provides tips for a successful night of observing. The book also tells the story of the eighteenth-century astronomer, Charles Messier, and how he came to compile his extensive catalogue. This complete guide to the Messier Marathon will help the amateur astronomer to observe the Messier Objects throughout the year, using a small telescope or even a pair of binoculars.

Astronomy --- Galaxies --- Stars --- Nebulae --- Galactic nebulae --- Gaseous nebulae --- Nebulas --- Sidereal system --- Circumstellar matter --- Extragalactic nebulae --- Nebulae, Extragalactic --- Clusters --- Messier, Charles. --- 524.5 --- 524.5 Interstellar medium. Galactic nebulae --- Interstellar medium. Galactic nebulae

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The study of presolar meteoritic grains is a new inter-disciplinary field that brings together topics from nuclear physics to astronomy and chemistry. Traditionally, most of the information about the cosmos has been gathered by observing light through telescopes. However, with the recent discovery that some dust grains extracted from primitive meteorites were produced in stellar environments, we now have the opportunity to gather information about stars and our Galaxy from the laboratory analysis of tiny pieces of stardust. Stellar grains represent a unique and fascinating subject of study. Th

Cosmic grains. --- Interstellar matter. --- Interstellar medium --- Astrophysics --- Matter --- Space environment --- Interstellar reddening --- Grains, Cosmic --- Grains, Interstellar --- Interstellar grains --- Interstellar matter

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Most astronomers and physicists now believe that the matter content of the Universe is dominated by dark matter: hypothetical particles which interact with normal matter primarily through the force of gravity. Though invisible to current direct detection methods, dark matter can explain a variety of astronomical observations. This book describes how this theory has developed over the past 75 years, and why it is now a central feature of extragalactic astronomy and cosmology. Current attempts to directly detect dark matter locally are discussed, together with the implications for particle physics. The author comments on the sociology of these developments, demonstrating how and why scientists work and interact. Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND), the leading alternative to this theory, is also presented. This fascinating overview will interest cosmologists, astronomers and particle physicists. Mathematics is kept to a minimum, so the book can be understood by non-specialists.

Dark matter (Astronomy) --- History. --- Interstellar matter. --- Interstellar medium --- Astrophysics --- Matter --- Space environment --- Interstellar reddening --- Nonluminous matter (Astronomy) --- Unobserved matter (Astronomy) --- Unseen matter (Astronomy) --- Interstellar matter

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The study of dust in the universe is an exciting area in current astronomy. Dust formed during an earlier epoch could be different from that formed at a later time, but the nature and composition of dust is not presently understood in its entirety. The comprehensive study presented in this book provides a much needed critical analysis of different types of dust in the universe. The information derived from presolar grains from comets, meteorites and interplanetary dust particles as well as the relevant laboratory studies are discussed. This should help in our goal of understanding the evolutio

Cosmic dust. --- Interstellar matter. --- Interstellar medium --- Astrophysics --- Matter --- Space environment --- Interstellar reddening --- Dust --- Interstellar matter --- Cosmic dust --- Poussière cosmique --- Matière interstellaire

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Based on a number of new discoveries resulting from 10 years of Chandra and XMM-Newton observations and corresponding theoretical works, this is the first book to address significant progress in the research of the Hot Interstellar Matter in Elliptical Galaxies. A fundamental understanding of the physical properties of the hot ISM in elliptical galaxies is critical, because they are directly related to the formation and evolution of elliptical galaxies via star formation episodes, environmental effects such as stripping, infall, and mergers, and the growth of super-massive black holes. Thanks to the outstanding spatial resolution of Chandra and the large collecting area of XMM-Newton, various fine structures of the hot gas have been imaged in detail and key physical quantities have been accurately measured, allowing theoretical interpretations/predictions to be compared and tested against observational results. This book will bring all readers up-to-date on this essential field of research.

Elliptical galaxies. --- Interstellar matter. --- Interstellar matter --- Elliptical galaxies --- Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Astrophysics --- Astronomy - General --- Spheroidal galaxies --- Interstellar medium --- Astronomy. --- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology. --- Galaxies --- Matter --- Space environment --- Interstellar reddening --- Astrophysics. --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics