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The Special Issue “Nanostructured Materials Based on Noble Metals for Advanced Biological Applications” highlights the recent progress in gold and silver nanomaterials preparation/synthesis as well as their innovative applications in advanced applications, such as in nanomedicine and nanosensors. It is nowadays generally accepted that nanostructured noble metals allow the production of highly competitive materials. In fact, a specific design and rather simple and reliable preparation techniques can be used to obtain optimized material uses and possibilities for their reusability. One expects amazing future developments for these nanotechnologies from research laboratories to key industrial areas. The Guest Editor and the MDPI staff are therefore pleased to offer this Special Issue to interested readers, including researchers, graduate and PhD students as well as postdoctoral researchers, but also to the entire community interested in the wide world of nanomaterials.

gold --- nanostructure --- EDTA tetrasodium salt --- photothermal therapy --- silver nanoparticles --- biomedical applications --- biological interactions --- biofunctional performances --- intrinsic anti-inflammatory activity --- antimicrobial efficiency --- localized surface plasmon resonance --- dip-coating --- capillary force --- exosome --- gold nanoparticles --- copper(I) complexes --- conjugates --- drug delivery --- anticancer compounds --- niosomes --- liposomes --- plasmonic materials --- nanocarriers --- Hg2+ sensors --- heavy metal sensing --- plasmonic sensors --- optical sensors --- ecosafety --- nanoparticles --- interactions --- protein corona --- nanomedicine --- biomolecules --- nanomaterials --- noble metal nanoparticles --- gold nanomaterials --- silver nanomaterials --- hybrid metal–polymer nanoparticles --- biotechnological applications --- nanomaterials for drug delivery --- nanomaterials for sensing

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The book is devoted to the design, application and characterization of thin films and structures, with special emphasis on optical applications. It comprises ten papers—five featured and five regular—authored by scientists all over the world. Diverse materials are studied and their possible applications are demonstrated and discussed—transparent conductive coatings and structures from ZnO doped with Al and Ga and Ti-doped SnO2, polymers and nanosized zeolite thin films for optical sensing, TiO2 with linear and nonlinear optical properties, organic diamagnetic materials, broadband optical coatings, CrWN glass molding coatings, and silicon on insulator waveguides.

faraday rotation --- thin films --- magneto-optics --- organic material --- tolane derivatives --- optical coatings --- monitoring --- deposition --- titanium dioxide --- optical constants --- two-photon absorption --- nonlinear refraction --- scattering --- laser-induced deflection --- absorption measurement --- CrWN coatings --- microstructure evolution --- spinodal decomposition --- thermal stability --- hardness --- plasma enhanced magnetron sputtering --- sidewall roughness --- optical scattering loss --- silicon-on-insulator waveguide --- multilayer --- ZnO --- Ag --- TCO --- transmittance --- structure --- resistance --- SnO2 --- Ti-doped --- annealing temperature --- electrical resistivity --- optical sensors --- optical materials --- zeolites --- ellipsometry --- single wavelength ellipsometry --- spectroscopic ellipsometry --- poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymers --- humidity sensing --- Al-doped ZnO --- ALD technique --- transparent conductive layers --- LC display --- flexible PDLC devices --- transparent conductive coatings --- optical sensing --- broadband design --- linear and non-linear optical properties --- organic diamagnetic materials

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Sol-gel technology is a contemporary advancement in science that requires taking a multidisciplinary approach with regard to its various applications. This book highlights some applications of the sol-gel technology, including protective coatings, catalysts, piezoelectric devices, wave guides, lenses, high-strength ceramics, superconductors, synthesis of nanoparticles, and insulating materials. In particular, for biotechnological applications, biomolecules or the incorporation of bioactive substances into the sol-gel matrix has been extensively studied and has been a challenge for many researchers. Some sol-gel materials are widely applied in light-emitting diodes, solar cells, sensing, catalysis, integration in photovoltaic devices, and more recently in biosensing, bioimaging, or medical diagnosis; others can be considered excellent drug delivery systems. The goal of an ideal drug delivery system is the prompt delivery of a therapeutic amount of the drug to the proper site in the body, where the desired drug concentration can be maintained. The interactions between drugs and the sol-gel system can affect the release rate. In conclusion, the sol-gel synthesis method offers mixing at the molecular level and is able to improve the chemical homogeneity of the resulting composite. This opens new doors not only regarding compositions of previously unattainable materials, but also to unique structures with different applications.

silsesquioxanes --- thiol-ene click reaction --- conformal coating --- multi-layer --- oxyfluoride glass-ceramics --- nanocrystal --- lithium lanthanum titanium oxide --- surface plasmon resonance --- chlorogenic acid --- thin-disk laser --- biomedical applications --- biomaterials --- potential step voltammetry --- mechanical analysis --- metal oxides --- biocompatibility --- tungsten oxide --- Li-ion batteries --- sol-gel technique --- optical properties --- bioactivity --- LiMnxFe(1?x)PO4 --- computer-aided design (CAD) --- hybrid materials --- resistive random access memory (RRAM) --- poly(?-caprolactone) --- Yb-doped glasses --- electrochemical impedance spectroscopy --- organic–inorganic hybrid materials --- carbon coating --- ultrasonic spray deposition --- 1D structure --- hydrophobic coatings --- sol-gel --- organic-inorganic hybrids --- composites --- paper --- wettability --- pseudo-diffusion coefficient --- lithium-ion battery --- cytotoxicity --- X-ray diffraction analysis --- TG-FTIR --- Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis --- photoluminescence --- cell proliferation --- cell cycle --- aluminosilicate glasses --- finite element analysis (FEA) --- optical sensors --- hollow sphere --- TG-DSC --- NMR --- cotton fabric --- organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) --- one transistor and one resistor (1T1R) --- sol–gel method --- SiO2–based hybrids --- sol-gel method --- in situ water production

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The recent development in wireless networks and devices has led to novel services that will utilize wireless communication on a new level. Much effort and resources have been dedicated to establishing new communication networks that will support machine-to-machine communication and the Internet of Things (IoT). In these systems, various smart and sensory devices are deployed and connected, enabling large amounts of data to be streamed. Smart services represent new trends in mobile services, i.e., a completely new spectrum of context-aware, personalized, and intelligent services and applications. A variety of existing services utilize information about the position of the user or mobile device. The position of mobile devices is often achieved using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) chips that are integrated into all modern mobile devices (smartphones). However, GNSS is not always a reliable source of position estimates due to multipath propagation and signal blockage. Moreover, integrating GNSS chips into all devices might have a negative impact on the battery life of future IoT applications. Therefore, alternative solutions to position estimation should be investigated and implemented in IoT applications. This Special Issue, “Smart Sensor Technologies for IoT” aims to report on some of the recent research efforts on this increasingly important topic. The twelve accepted papers in this issue cover various aspects of Smart Sensor Technologies for IoT.

Internet of Things (IoT) --- ReRoute --- Multicast Repair (M-REP) --- internet of things (IoT) --- Fast Reroute --- bit repair (B-REP) --- failure repair --- WSN --- MANET --- DRONET --- multilayered network model --- 5G --- IoT --- smart sensors --- smart sensor --- IoT system --- Velostat --- pressure sensor --- convolutional neural network --- data classification --- position detection --- magnetometer --- traffic --- vehicle --- classification --- measurement --- detection --- Internet of Things --- Bluetooth --- indoor tracking --- mobile localization --- optical sensors --- vibration sensing --- quality of service differentiation --- wireless optical networks --- free space optics --- multiwavelength laser --- optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) --- underwater wireless sensor network --- energy-efficient --- clustering --- depth-based routing --- mm-wave radars --- GNSS-RTK positioning --- wireless technology --- electromagnetic scanning --- point cloud --- localization --- IMU --- Wi-Fi --- positioning --- dead reckoning --- particle filter --- fingerprinting --- Wi-Fi sensing --- human activity recognition --- location-independent --- meta learning --- metric learning --- few-shot learning --- ACR --- H.264/AVC --- H.265/HEVC --- QoE --- subjective assessment --- n/a

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The present Special Issue brings together recent research findings from renowned scientists in the field of water treatment and assembled contributions on advanced technologies applied to the treatment of wastewater and drinking water, with emphasis on novel membrane treatment technologies. 12 research contributions have highlighted various processes and technologies, which can achieve effective treatment and purification of wastewater and of drinking water, aiming (occasionally) for water reuse. The main topics which are analyzed are the use of novel type membranes in bioreactors, the use of modified membranes, for example using vacuum membrane distillation, the fouling of membranes, the problem of arsenic, antimony and chromium contamination in groundwaters and its removal and the use of novel technologies for more efficient ozonation.

hollow fiber membranes --- modeling --- small sized powdered ferric hydroxide --- ceramic membranes --- multiphase --- antimony treatment --- winery effluents --- fouling --- municipal wastewater sludge --- particle size distribution --- ultrafiltration --- coagulation --- HA–BSA mixtures --- Sb(III) --- water treatment --- chromate --- separation --- backwash duration --- water crisis --- adsorption --- dewatering --- hexavalent chromium --- arsenic adsorption --- polydimethylsiloxane --- vacuum membrane distillation --- co-treatment --- desalination --- arsenic --- mass transfer --- produced water treatment --- membranes --- process control --- membrane resistance --- granular ferric hydroxide --- ozonation --- Membrane Bioreactor --- hollow fibre --- crossflow membrane filtration --- microfiltration --- membrane filtration --- xDLVO theory --- Fe-based coagulants --- wastewater treatment --- cake resistance --- Sb(V) --- peroxone --- temperature --- drinking water --- trickling biofilter --- natural organic matter (NOM) --- antimony --- second cheese whey --- sodium alginate --- optical sensors --- bioethanol recovery --- membrane fouling --- interaction energy --- TMP --- adsorption kinetics --- water matrix --- multivariate statistics --- polluted waters --- natural organic matter --- operation --- solution conditions --- biofilm membrane bioreactor