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The Slovenian transition represents a slow but steady liberalization of constraints on competition. Using a unique longitudinal data set on all manufacturing firms in Slovenia over the period 1994-2001, Orazem and Vodopivec analyze how firm efficiency changed in response to changing competitive pressures, holding constant firm attributes. Results show that the period was one of atypically rapid growth of total factor productivity (TFP) relative to levels in OECD countries, and that the rise in firm efficiency occurs across almost all industries and firm types--large or small, state or private, and domestic or foreign-owned. Changes in firm ownership type have no impact on firm efficiency. Rather, competitive pressures that sort out inefficient firms of all types and retain the most efficient, coupled with the entry of new private firms that are at least as efficient as surviving firms, prove to be the major source of TFP gains. Market competition from new entrants, foreign-owned firms, and international trade also raise firm efficiency in the industry. Results strongly confirm that market competition fosters efficiency. This paper--a product of the Social Protection Team, Human Development Network--is part of a larger effort in the network to investigate sources of growth of labor market productivity.
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There's just not enough time--or is there? Most busy executives feel like they have their hands more than full trying to accomplish their basic duties. But Wall Street Journal bestselling author David Horsager offers proven productivity tips that enable you to work so efficiently that you'll actually have time left over for what he sees as an executive's most important tasks--building trusting relationships with people. In The Daily Edge, you'll learn strategies such as identifying the key "Difference-Making Actions" on which to focus your efforts and setting a personal or even company-wide "Power Hour," during which you do not attend meetings, answer the phone, or reply to emails, creating the time and space to really focus and get things done. The key is to do lots of little things every day that make you so effective that you have enough time for meaningful interaction with your people. The thirty-five high-impact ideas Horsager introduces in succinct, quick-read chapters are easily implemented and powerful on their own. Taken together, they form a solid wave of efficacy that will enable you to get more done, keep your energy up, and make sure that you're able to honor all your relationships, both personal and professional.
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Overloaded electrical systems are a major source of unreliable power (outages) in developing countries. Using a randomized saturation design, we estimate the impact of energy efficient lightbulbs on household electricity consumption and local electricity reliability in the Kyrgyz Republic. Receiving compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) significantly reduced household electricity consumption. Estimates not controlling for spillovers in take-up underestimate the impacts of the CFLs, as control households near the treated are likely to take-up CFLs themselves. Greater saturation of CFLs within a transformer leads to aggregate reliability impacts of two fewer days per month without electricity due to unplanned outages relative to pure controls. Increased electricity reliability permits households to consume more electricity services, suggesting that CFL treatment results in technological externalities. The spillovers in take-up and technological externalities may provide an additional explanation for the gap between empirical and engineering estimates of the impacts of energy efficient technologies.
Energy Efficiency --- Externalities --- Outages
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The objective of this document is to provide guidance for the development and implementation of a national energy efficiency (EE) investment program for public buildings in the Kyrgyz Republic. It begins by assessing the country's EE potential; analyzing its institutional, legislative and financial frameworks; reviewing the market for EE supply and services; and summarizing current barriers to EE implementation in the public sector. It then provides two forward-looking chapters: a vision 2040 list of medium- and long-term targets for a sustainable, climate-resilient, safe, and low-carbon stock of public buildings in the Kyrgyz Republic by 2040, with reference to the United Nation (UN) sustainable development goals and the draft concept for the development of the fuel and energy sector of the Kyrgyz Republic until 2040; and a roadmap and accompanying catalogue of recommended measures that sets out the steps and timeframe necessary to: improve the political and regulatory framework for EE; strengthen the delivery capacities of relevant institutions and sectoral stakeholders; and scale up the nation's EE investments in the country.
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Cement is paramount for economic development and poverty reduction in emerging markets. Along with aggregates and water, cement is the key ingredient in the production of concrete, and, as such, is an essential construction material that enables large infrastructure projects in energy, water, and transport, as well as, importantly, the construction of modern buildings and urban infrastructure. Given the rapid urbanization rates in developing countries, cement is crucial for delivering on the climate-smart cities agenda. Emerging markets have been rapidly increasing their cement use and now account for over ninety percent of cement consumption worldwide. This report and an accompanying report on alternative fuels provide a summary of international best practice experience in the cement sector and focus on specific technical measures that could be implemented by cement plants to reduce their operating costs and improve their carbon footprints. The reports provide a plethora of practical information from implemented projects and include detailed technical descriptions, capital and operating costs, and case studies and references from locations where the measures have been implemented. A combination of general and in-depth information will make these reports a helpful read to both management and technical and operating personnel of cement plants as well as to a larger range of stakeholders.
Energy --- Energy Efficiency --- Energy Finance --- Environment --- Environment and Energy Efficiency
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Floating solar photovoltaic (FPV) technology is considered commercially viable, given the number of largescale projects that have been implemented. Challenges to its deployment remain, however, including the lack of a robust track record; uncertainty about costs; uncertainty about the environmental impact; and the technical complexity of designing, building, and operating on and in water (especially electrical safety, anchoring and mooring issues, and operation and maintenance). This handbook provides developers, utilities, contractors, investors, regulators, and decision makers with practical guidelines on FPV projects. Most of the handbook focuses on technical aspects relating to developing and operating FPV projects; some sections focus on commercial and legal aspects. Most of the observations are made for inland water bodies or near-shore coastal FPV installations. Many observations incorporate learning and opinions from the industry, but they are also based on the experience from the 1 megawatt-peak (MWp) floating solar testbed in the Tengeh Reservoir in Singapore. The testbed has a comprehensive monitoring system that tracks more than 500 parameters in real time, ranging from electrical to meteorological and module-related factors. Given the early stage development of the technology, this handbook cannot answer all questions about FPV. Further studies and field data analysis are needed to better understand some of the risks of FPV systems, especially their environmental impact and long-term performance. All recommendations provided in this report are based on past and current experiences, which are limited to several years of operating data for most projects. A longer operating lifetime of FPV installations will lead to new and improved recommendations and best practices; new developments in technology,testing, certification, and equipment/materials deployed are likely to evolve as the industry grows and diversifies. An active dialogue among all stakeholders, public and private, is required to further the global understanding of FPV technologies and the development of well-designed projects while minimizing possible negative environmental and social impacts. Through this handbook, the World Bank Group, the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP), and the Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore (SERIS) hope to contribute to this goal and to disseminate lessons learned from early projects.
Energy --- Energy Efficiency --- Solar Energy
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This handbook's intention is to gather into a single reference the information related to the joint lean certification program of SME, AME, The Shingo Prize, and ASQ. This book will enhance your understanding of the certification's Body of Knowledge (BOK) as a whole and give you a more holistic look at lean. This comprehensive handbook covers all the topics included in the BOK: cultural enablers, continuous process improvement, consistent lean enterprise culture, and business results. Written by a team of lean experts with years of experience in the field, it will be indispensible to anyone in
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The Janus Performance Management System is a fully integrated online and paper-based resource package for any individual that is looking to get more out of the Performance Management process and to achieve better long term results - for themselves, the team and the organisation of which they are a part. The ten workbooks offered as part of the series, provide managers with essential tools and insights to help and guide them through this important process. This 32-page "Conducting a Performance Update Discussion" workbook offers a structured process by which managers and appraisees can enga
Industrial efficiency. --- Performance standards. --- Performance.
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This book describes how small ad hoc groups within firms can come together to perform a particular task and achieve extraordinary results, even in otherwise large and seemingly monolithic organisations.
Organizational effectiveness. --- Group decision making. --- Industrial efficiency.
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Organizational effectiveness. --- Industrial efficiency. --- Waste minimization.
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