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Few people in America today live with the dangers and deprivations that Appalachian coal mining families experience. But to the eighteen West Virginia women Carol Giesen interviewed for this book, hard times are just everyday life.These coal miners' wives, ranging in age from late teens to eighty-five, tell of a way of life dominated by coal mining -- and shadowed by a constant fear of death or injury to a loved one. From birth to old age, they experience the social and economic pressures of the coal mining industry. Few families in these communities earn their living in any job outside a coal

Women --- Coal miners' spouses --- Human females --- Wimmin --- Woman --- Womon --- Womyn --- Females --- Human beings --- Femininity --- Coal miners' wives --- Miners' spouses --- Social conditions. --- Social conditions --- E-books

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In a setting where husbands wield considerable coercive power, forms of marriage should adapt to protect the interests of women and their families. The authors study the pervasive marriage custom of watta satta in rural Pakistan, a bride exchange between families coupled with a mutual threat of retaliation. They show that watta satta may be a mechanism to coordinate the actions of two sets of in-laws, each of whom wish to restrain their sons-in-law but who only have the ability to restrain their sons. The authors' empirical results support this view. The likelihood of marital inefficiency, as measured by estrangement, domestic abuse, and wife's mental health, is significantly lower in watta satta arrangements as compared with conventional marriages, but only after properly accounting for selection.

Anthropology --- Child --- Culture & Development --- Divorce --- Domestic Abuse --- Domestic Violence --- Families --- Family --- Female --- Gender --- Gender and Law --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Home --- Husband --- Husbands --- Law --- Law and Development --- Laws --- Marriage --- Marriages --- Population and Development --- Population Policies --- Residence --- Social Development --- Social Inclusion and Institutions --- Wife --- Will --- Wives --- Woman --- Women

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This paper theoretically and empirically investigates the role of spousal labor in buffering transitory shocks to husbands' earnings. To measure the amount of the shock that spousal labor absorbs, an instrumented cross-sectional variance decomposition is developed. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, the paper finds that the smoothing resulting from the wives' labor response (both labor force participation and hours of work) is larger for households with limited access to credit. This finding, which is consistent with the model's prediction, indicates that because of the presence of liquidity constraints, the temporal change in family income (exclusive of wives' earnings) reinforces the substitution effect in explaining the effect of shocks to the husbands' earnings on spousal labor.

Married women --- Women --- Liquidity (Economics) --- Assets, Frozen --- Frozen assets --- Finance --- Human females --- Wimmin --- Woman --- Womon --- Womyn --- Females --- Human beings --- Femininity --- Married people --- Wives --- Employment --- Economic aspects --- Econometric models. --- Labor --- Macroeconomics --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General --- Labor Economics: General --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Demand and Supply of Labor: General --- Labour --- income economics --- Monetary economics --- Wages --- Income --- Credit --- Labor supply --- Labor economics --- Labor market --- United States --- Income economics

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What does well-being mean when we talk about men and women in the past? Their sheer chances of survival, their protection from want, their social status, their individual agency and their self-esteem were all strongly mediated by the family, the predominant social institution. Family laws and customs of family formation created differences between insiders and outsiders in terms of well-being. Within families, there were strong differences in autonomy, status and freedom between the genders and generations. The book offers a fascinating exploration of gender differences in well-being in many regions of historic Europe, with some comparative perspectives. It explores how historic family systems differed with respect to choosing a marriage partner, transmitting property, living and care conditions of widows and widowers and the position of children born out of wedlock.

Marriage --- Inheritance and succession --- Domestic relations --- Married women --- Mariage --- Successions et héritages --- Familles --- Femmes mariées --- Economic aspects --- History. --- Social aspects --- Social conditions. --- Aspect économique --- Histoire --- Droit --- Conditions sociales --- History --- Social conditions --- EUR / Europe - Europa --- 331.100 --- 331.20 --- 311.95 --- 172 --- Economische geschiedenis: algemeenheden. --- Sociale geschiedenis: algemeenheden. --- Bevolking naar het geslacht. --- Gezinsmoraal. Huwelijk. Echtscheiding. --- Successions et héritages --- Femmes mariées --- Aspect économique --- Married people --- Women --- Wives --- Married life --- Matrimony --- Nuptiality --- Wedlock --- Love --- Sacraments --- Betrothal --- Courtship --- Families --- Home --- Honeymoons --- Bequests --- Descent and distribution --- Descents --- Hereditary succession --- Intestacy --- Intestate succession --- Law of succession --- Succession, Intestate --- Real property --- Universal succession --- Trusts and trustees --- Family law --- Persons (Law) --- Sex and law --- Social aspects&delete& --- Economic aspects&delete& --- Gezinsmoraal. Huwelijk. Echtscheiding --- Bevolking naar het geslacht --- Economische geschiedenis: algemeenheden --- Sociale geschiedenis: algemeenheden --- Law and legislation --- Marriage - Economic aspects - Europe - History --- Inheritance and succession - Social aspects - Europe - History --- Domestic relations - Europe - History --- Married women - Europe - Social conditions --- Famille --- Aspects économiques --- Europe --- Aspects sociaux

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This companion volume to The Economics of Aging (1989) examines the economic consequences of an increasingly older population, focusing on the housing and living arrangements of the elderly, as well as their labor force participation and retirement.

Public economics --- Social policy and particular groups --- United States --- AA / International- internationaal --- US / United States of America - USA - Verenigde Staten - Etats Unis --- 311.0 --- 339.112.10 --- 311.6 --- 339.112.0 --- 332.832 --- 336.024 --- 368.40 --- 311.94 --- NBB congres --- Demografie. Algemene fenomenen: algemeenheden. --- Eigendom van grond en van onroerende goederen: algemeenheden. --- Gezondheidstoestand van de bevolking. --- Particulier vermogen: algemeenheden. --- Pensioen. Brugpensioen. --- Sociale begroting, rekeningen en uitgaven. Gezondheid. --- Sociale voorzorg en verzekeringen. Sociale zekerheid: algemeenheden. --- Verdeling van de bevolking naar leeftijd. Veroudering van de bevolking. --- Conferences - Meetings --- Old age --- Retirement --- Older people --- Economic aspects --- Housing --- Aged --- Aging people --- Elderly people --- Old people --- Older adults --- Older persons --- Senior citizens --- Seniors (Older people) --- Superannuation --- Termination of employment --- Later life (Human life cycle) --- Senescence --- Age groups --- Persons --- Gerontocracy --- Gerontology --- Leisure --- Adulthood --- Age --- Longevity --- Demografie. Algemene fenomenen: algemeenheden --- Gezondheidstoestand van de bevolking --- Verdeling van de bevolking naar leeftijd. Veroudering van de bevolking --- Pensioen. Brugpensioen --- Sociale begroting, rekeningen en uitgaven. Gezondheid --- Particulier vermogen: algemeenheden --- Eigendom van grond en van onroerende goederen: algemeenheden --- Sociale voorzorg en verzekeringen. Sociale zekerheid: algemeenheden --- political economy, economics of aging, consequences, older populations, housing, living arrangements, labor force participation, retirement, old age, elderly, united states, american culture, usa, equity, transitions, household dissolution, history, historical, cultural studies, nursing homes, healthcare, health, medical, medicine, pension, marriage, husbands, wives, expectations, life cycle, controls. --- United States of America