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The Cristero movement is an essential part of the Mexican Revolution. When in 1926 relations between Church and state, old enemies and old partners, eventually broke down, when the churches closed and the liturgy was suspended, Rome, Washington and Mexico, without ever losing their heads, embarked upon a long game of chess. These years were crucial, because they saw the setting up of the contemporary political system. The state established its omnipotence, supported by a bureaucratic apparatus and a strong privileged class. Just at the moment when the state thought that it was finally supreme, at the moment at which it decided to take control of the Church, the Cristero movement arose, a spontaneous mass movement, particularly of peasants, unique in its spread, its duration, and its popular character. For obvious reasons, the existing literature has both denied its reality and slandered it.

Church and state --- Cristero Rebellion, 1926-1929. --- History. --- History --- Catholic Church --- Mexico --- Cristero Rebellion, 1926-1929 --- 266 <72> --- Missies. Evangelisatie. Zending--Mexico --- History of Mexico --- anno 1920-1929 --- Church of Rome --- Roman Catholic Church --- Katholische Kirche --- Katolyt︠s︡ʹka t︠s︡erkva --- Römisch-Katholische Kirche --- Römische Kirche --- Ecclesia Catholica --- Eglise catholique --- Eglise catholique-romaine --- Katolicheskai︠a︡ t︠s︡erkovʹ --- Chiesa cattolica --- Iglesia Católica --- Kościół Katolicki --- Katolicki Kościół --- Kościół Rzymskokatolicki --- Nihon Katorikku Kyōkai --- Katholikē Ekklēsia --- Gereja Katolik --- Kenesiyah ha-Ḳatolit --- Kanisa Katoliki --- כנסיה הקתולית --- כנסייה הקתולית --- 가톨릭교 --- 천주교 --- Arts and Humanities

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In the sixteenth century Franciscan, Dominican, and Augustinian missionaries attempted to convert the native populations of central Mexico. The native peoples generally viewed the new religion in terms very different from that of the missionaries. As conflict broke out after 1550 as Spaniards invaded the Chichimeca frontier (the frontier between sedentary and nomadic natives), the missionaries faced new challenges on both sides of the frontier. Some sedentary natives resisted evangelization, and the missionaries saw themselves in a war against Satan and his minions. The Augustinians assumed a pivotal role in the evangelization campaign on both sides of the Chichimeca frontier, and employed different methods in the effort to convince the natives to embrace the new faith and to defeat Satan’s designs. They used graphic visual aids and the threat of an eternity of suffering in hell to bring recalcitrant natives, such as the Otomi of the Mezquital Valley, into the folded.

Chichimecs --- 266 <72> --- 271.4 <72> --- 271.4-9 --- Chichimeca War, 1550-1591 --- Chichimec Indians --- Indians of Mexico --- 271.4-9 Augustijnen: missies --- Augustijnen: missies --- 271.4 <72> Augustijnen--Mexico --- Augustijnen--Mexico --- Missions --- History --- Social conditions --- Wars, 1550-1591 --- Missies. Evangelisatie. Zending--Mexico --- Augustinians --- Ordo Eremitarum S. Augustini --- Eremitani --- Scalzi di S. Agostino --- Augustinereremitenorden --- Hermits of St. Augustine --- Religiosos Ermitaños de San Agustín --- Augustiniáni --- Ordo Eremitarum Sancti Augustini --- Scalzi di Sant'Agostino --- Hermits of Saint Augustine --- Agustinos --- Order of Saint Augustine --- Augustinian Order --- Zakon Augustjański --- OSA --- Augustinian Friars --- Austin Friars --- Order of Hermits of St. Augustine --- Order of Hermits of Saint Augustine --- Orden de San Agustín --- Agostiniani scalzi --- OESA --- O.E.S.A. --- Ordo Heremitarum S. Augustini --- Ordem dos Eremitas de Santo Agostinho --- Mexico --- Wars, 1550-1591. --- Social conditions.