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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
biocontrol --- induced resistance --- Fungi --- Management --- nematode --- plant growth promotion --- rhizosphere --- Plant-microbe interaction --- Soil --- virus
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This book reviews in a systematic crop by crop approach the state-of-the-art management strategies that have been developed to reduce nematode impact, and outlines their limitations.
Nematodes --- Nematode-plant relationships --- Plant nematodes --- Nematodes and plants --- Plant-nematode relationships --- Plants and nematodes --- Animal-plant relationships --- Control --- Phytopathogenic nematodes --- Plant parasitic nematodes --- Plant parasites --- Nematode diseases of plants --- 595.132 --- 632.6 --- 632.6 Animals injurious to plants (except Insecta) --- Animals injurious to plants (except Insecta) --- 595.132 Nematodes. Roundworms. Threadworm. Eelworm. Vinegar eel. Gapeworm. Hookworm --- Nematodes. Roundworms. Threadworm. Eelworm. Vinegar eel. Gapeworm. Hookworm --- Plant nematodes.
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The cell wall is a complex structure mainly composed of cellulose microfibrils embedded in a cohesive hemicellulose and pectin matrix. Cell wall structural proteins, enzymes and their inhibitors are also essential components of plant cell walls. They are involved in the cross-link of cell wall polysaccharides, wall structure, and the perception and signaling of defense-related elicitors at the cell surface. In the outer part of the epidermal cells, the polysaccharides are coated by the cuticle, consisting of hydrophobic cutin, suberin and wax layers. Lignin, a macromolecule composed of highly cross-linked phenolic molecules, is a major component of the secondary cell wall. The cell wall is the first cell structure on which interactions between plants and a wide range of other organisms, including insects, nematodes, pathogenic or symbiotic micro-organisms take place. It not only represents a barrier that limits access to the cellular contents that provide a rich nutrient source for pathogens but serves as a source of elicitors of plant defense responses released upon partial enzymatic degradation of wall polysaccharides during infection. Modification of the plant cell wall can also occur at the level of plasmodesmata during virus infection as well as during abiotic stresses. The fine structure and composition of the plant cell wall as well as the regulation of its biosynthesis can thus strongly influence resistance and susceptibility to pathogens. This Research Topic provides novel insights and detailed overviews on the dynamics of the plant cell wall in plant defence, parasitism and symbiosis and describes experimental approaches to study plant cell wall modifications occurring during interaction of plants with different organisms.
Plant cell walls. --- Botany. --- callose --- plant cell wall integrity --- susceptibility factors --- Plant Symbioses --- Cell wall degrading enzymes --- plant pathogens --- Plant Parasitic Nematode --- Methanol
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This book collects six papers published in the Agronomy Special Issue "New Advances on Nutrients Recovery from Agro-Industrial and Livestock Wastes for Sustainable Farming" that aim to furnish new information on nutrients recovery from organic wastes.
Capsicum annuun L. --- compost tea --- bio-stimulant --- plant nutrients --- biocontrol --- pathogens --- wastewater --- rice straw --- cow manure --- Eisenia fetida --- biological parameters --- vermicomposting --- waste management --- germination --- microbial community --- organic fertilization --- wheat --- potatoes --- legume-cereal mix --- corn --- yield --- organic waste --- manure --- nematode community --- 16S --- bacterial community --- biological treatments --- biomass --- nutrients recovery --- recycle --- waste treatment --- n/a
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Nématode des plantes --- plant nematodes --- Relation hôte parasite --- Host parasite relations --- Réponse de la plante --- Plant response --- Corrélation génétique --- Genetic correlation --- Sciences and engineering --- biological sciences --- biology --- genetics --- agriculture --- plant pathology --- 632.651 --- 577.15 --- 577.15 Enzymes. Catalysts of biological reactions. Enzymology --- Enzymes. Catalysts of biological reactions. Enzymology --- Helminths. Nematodes --- Theses --- 576.314 --- Cell membrane --- 576.314 Cell membrane --- genetics. --- plant pathology. --- Biological sciences --- Agriculture --- Plant pathology. --- Biology --- Genetics.
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Forest tree improvement has mainly been implemented to enhance the productivity of artificial forests. However, given the drastically changing global environment, improvement of various traits related to environmental adaptability is more essential than ever. This book focuses on genetic information, including trait heritability and the physiological mechanisms thereof, which facilitate tree improvement. Nineteen papers are included, reporting genetic approaches to improving various species, including conifers, broad-leaf trees, and bamboo. All of the papers in this book provide cutting-edge genetic information on tree genetics and suggest research directions for future tree improvement.
early selection --- stomatal characteristics --- water stress --- water relations --- specific leaf area --- Eucalyptus clones --- LTR-retrotransposon --- Ty3-gypsy --- Ty1-copia --- IRAP --- molecular markers --- bamboo --- Phyllostachys --- genetic diversity --- populations structure --- AMOVA --- central-marginal hypothesis --- cline --- Pinaceae --- trailing edge population --- Sakhalin fir --- sub-boreal forest --- gibberellin --- male strobilus induction --- transcriptome --- conifer --- Cryptomeria japonica --- linkage map --- male sterility --- marker-assisted selection --- C. fortunei --- differentially expressed genes --- phenylpropanoid metabolism --- candidate genes --- Camellia oleifera --- leaf senescence --- transcriptome analysis --- senescence-associated genes --- physiological characterization --- cpDNA --- next generation sequencing --- northern limit --- nucleotide diversity --- phylogeny --- In/Del --- SNP --- SSR --- Chinese fir --- heartwood --- secondary metabolites --- widely targeted metabolomics --- flavonoids --- amplicon sequencing --- AmpliSeq --- genomic selection --- Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) --- multiplexed SNP genotyping --- spatial autocorrelation error --- pine wood disease --- resistance to pine wood nematode --- inoculation test --- multisite --- cumulative temperature --- Pinus thunbergii --- Thujopsis dolabrata --- EST-SSR markers --- varieties --- population structure --- pine wilt disease --- Bursaphelenchus xylophilus --- genotype by environment interaction --- Japanese black pine --- variance component --- local adaptation --- silviculture --- seed zone --- tree improvement program --- breeding --- genotype × environment interaction --- mast seeding --- seed production --- thinning --- forest tree breeding --- high-throughput phenotyping --- epigenetics --- genotyping --- genomic prediction models --- quantitative trait locus --- breeding cycle --- Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis --- demographic history --- RAD-seq --- ancient tree --- conservation --- infrared thermography --- chlorophyll fluorescence --- cumulative drought stress --- genetic conservation --- genetic management --- pine wood nematode --- pine wood nematode-Pinus thunbergii resistant trees --- n/a
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People around the world are living longer. For the first time in history, most humans will live to be sixty and beyond. By 2050, the world's population aged 60 and over will reach a total of 2 billion, up from 900 million in 2015. Today, 125 million people are 80 years of age or older. By 2050, there will be 434 million people in this age group worldwide. In addition, the pace of aging of the world population is also increasing. However, there is not enough evidence to show that older people have better health than their parents. While rates of severe disability have declined over the past 30 years (but only in high-income countries), there have been no significant changes in mild to moderate disability over the same period of time. Indeed, the increase in the duration of life (lifespan) does not coincide with the increase in the duration of health (healthspan), that is, the period of life free from serious chronic diseases and disabilities. Therefore, the identification of the factors that predispose to a long and healthy life, as discussed in the papers of this book, is of enormous interest for translational medicine.
aging --- alternative therapy --- composition of royal jelly --- dietary interventions --- healthspan --- lifespan --- longevity --- royal jelly --- IGF-1 --- oxidative stress --- ageing --- nematode --- immunosenescence --- probiotic bacteria --- pathogen protection --- food allergy --- elderly --- hypersensitivity --- gut --- allergy --- inflammation --- redoxomics --- glutathione --- meniere’s disease --- neurodegenerative diseases --- healthy aging --- DNA methylation --- epigenetic clocks --- telomere length --- centenarians --- exosomes --- serum --- functional enrichment analysis --- ingenuity pathway analysis --- miRNA-mRNA networks --- aging-related disease --- Di (2-Ethylhexyl) pthalate --- Hericium erinaceus --- vitagenes --- apoptosis --- mitochondrial respiratory complexes --- C. elegans --- polyphenols --- olive oil --- Parkinson’s disease --- β-Dystroglycan --- cellular senescence --- lamin B1 --- DNA-damage response --- defective mitosis --- n/a --- meniere's disease --- Parkinson's disease
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Numerous pathogens affect animal health and wellbeing and production efficiency. These pathogens also have a considerable impact on social economics, food safety and security, and human health. Infectious diseases that originate from both domesticated animals and wildlife represent one of the greatest threats to human health. Recent studies show that domesticated species harbor approximately 84 times more zoonotic viruses than wild species. Eight of the top 10 mammalian species with the highest number of zoonotic viruses are domestic, such as pigs, cattle, and horses. Many animal parasites are also zoonotic, constituting an additional burden on human health. Furthermore, the rapid emergence and spread of drug-resistant pathogen strains pose new threats to animal and human health. Climate changes will undoubtedly alter the interactions between animals and between animals and humans, which will have a huge impact on the transmission rate of existing pathogens and the emergence of new pathogens or the reemergence of old pathogens. In this special collection, interactions of all major pathogen types, including viruses, bacteria, mites and flies, protozoans, and helminths, and their hosts, such as wild and companion animals and livestock species, are discussed. Further, anthelmintic activities of natural products are evaluated. The relevance and utility of cutting-edge tools, such as immunology, genomics and genetics, microbiome studies and metabolomics, and molecular epidemiology, in dissecting host-pathogen interactions are also discussed. This special collection provides a broad knowledge base that encourages dialogue across a wide distribution of the research community in veterinary microbiology and parasitology.
dietary treatments --- plant bioactive compounds --- egg counts --- UHRMS --- Haemonchus contortus --- Crotalus ravus --- Crotalus triseriatus --- venom --- antibacterial activity --- Pseudomonas aeruginosa --- hemolytic activity --- maedi-visna virus --- ovine progressive pneumonia --- small ruminant lentivirus --- dairy sheep --- horse --- colic --- gastrointestinal disease --- Strongylus vulgaris --- Anoplocephala perfoliata --- cyathostominae --- D. gallinae --- hematophagous ectoparasite --- poultry red mite --- antibody titre --- lymphocyte subpopulation --- Sarcocystis spp. --- COX1 --- Camelus dromedarius --- post-mortem microbiology --- veterinary forensic pathology --- sudden death --- young dogs --- bovine digital dermatitis --- cattle lameness --- microbiome --- Treponema spp --- Ancylostoma ceylanicum --- community dogs --- ITS region --- cox1 --- Thailand --- population diversity --- Sarcoptes scabiei --- host-parasite interaction --- molecular characterization --- lipid profile --- antioxidant --- rodent --- helminth --- cestode --- trematode --- nematode --- Middle East --- meta-analysis --- Brugia pahangi --- Dirofilaria immitis --- PCR-RFLP --- spatial distribution --- altitude --- myiasis --- prevalence --- Oestrus ovis --- mtCOI --- sheep --- goats --- Saudi Arabia --- anoplocephala perfoliata --- equine --- gut microbiome --- volatile organic compounds (VOCs) --- omics integration --- tick-borne fever --- Anaplasma phagocytophilum-like 1 --- small ruminant
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This Special Issue contributes to filling knowledge gaps regarding NUS in horticultural and ornamental systems, as well as in landscapes, by collecting original research papers dealing with the relevance of NUS to the following topics: biodiversity and conservation; genetics and breeding; characterization, propagation, and ecophysiology; cultivation techniques and systems; landscape protection and restoration; product and process innovations; biochemistry and composition; and postharvest factors affecting their end-use quality.
Pinus koraiensis --- EST-SSRs --- genetic diversity --- population structure --- population differentiation --- gene flow --- nutraceuticals --- breeding --- Solanum aethiopicum --- neglected and underutilized --- phytochemicals --- dune spinach --- NaCl --- functional food --- salt tolerance --- underexploited vegetable --- dandelion --- common brighteyes --- wild edible greens --- chemical composition --- nutrient contents --- soilless cultivation --- minerals content --- saline conditions --- NUS --- sustainable food supply --- nutritional security --- Apulia Region --- Portulaca olearacea --- Borago officinalis --- yield --- antioxidants --- phenolics --- flavonoids --- Ginkgo biloba --- trace elements --- starch --- terpene trilactones --- ginkgotoxin --- ginkgolik acid --- antimicrobial --- wood apple --- fatty acid profile --- tocopherol --- nutritional --- GC-MS --- HPLC --- MaxEnt --- ecological niche modeling (ENM) --- endangered species --- Cyatheaceae --- environmental factors --- plant-based biostimulants --- foliar application --- bottle gourd landraces --- greenhouse cultivation --- crop production --- NUE --- fatty acids --- free sugars --- organic acids --- UPLC --- salinity --- microbial growth --- sensory quality --- floating system --- ready-to-eat --- root knot nematode --- Punica granatum --- bioagents --- nematicides --- neemcake --- climate resilient --- arid zone fruits --- adaptation --- nutritional quality --- n/a
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Consumers in the EU and beyond are increasingly concerned about the impact of pesticides on the environment and human health. In the context of EU phytosanitary and environmental policies, the common EU challenge is to reduce dependence on chemicals, improve food quality and increase the potential for developing more bio-based production systems. Therefore, novel control methods and new strategies that reduce the current dependence on insecticides need to be developed, applied and disseminated among stakeholders. As a cornerstone of sustainable agriculture, integrated pest management (IPM) aims to improve farmers' practices to achieve higher profits while improving environmental quality. Implementing the principles of IPM in agricultural production requires new and up-to-date knowledge generated by science and accepted by farmers. In this Special Issue, we focus on recent advances and methods for IPM in field crops. It contains eight original research articles and two review articles dealing with different aspects of IPM in some of the major field crops: Potato, Maize, Soybean, Sugar Beet, Barley, Rice, Eggplant and Quinoa as well as farmer education issues on IPM. The studies published refer to all the basic principles of IPM and give examples of their implementation in different crops and cropping systems. Research on various aspects of the implementation of IPM in crop production is a continuous need. The research presented helps to provide a mosaic picture with examples of how crop-specific, site-specific and knowledge-intensive IPM practices should be considered and translated into workable practices.
Spodoptera frugiperda --- farmers’ knowledge --- perception --- pest management practices --- maize yield losses --- damage severity --- fall armyworm --- sugar beet --- degradation --- residues --- neonicotinoids --- imidacloprid --- thiamethoxam --- malt barley --- barley net blotch --- barley leaf scald --- nitrogen rate --- genotype --- crop residues --- biodiversity --- biopesticides --- conventional insecticides --- crop farming --- ecosystem health --- environmental protection --- insect ecology --- natural enemies --- pest control --- sustainable agriculture --- quinoa --- Eurysacca melanocampta --- Macrosiphum euphorbiae --- Liriomyza huidobrensis --- Frankliniella occidentalis --- IPM --- Peru --- antibiosis --- antixenosis --- tolerance --- eggplant cultivars --- green peach aphid --- alien pest --- Italy --- Oryza sativa --- phytosanitary measures --- rice root-knot nematode --- trap crop technique --- upland rice cultivation --- click beetle --- crop damage --- integrated pest management --- risk assessment --- pest monitoring --- biocontrol --- landscape feature --- habitat manipulation --- companion plant --- mutual fund --- soybean --- pre-sowing soil activities --- soil fauna --- ground beetles --- dominance --- frequency --- Diabrotica virgifera virgifera --- Bt toxins --- resistance --- geometric morphometrics --- SNPs --- n/a --- farmers' knowledge
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