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Für die Herstellung von 1,4-Butandiol haben neben dem technisch ausgereiften Reppe-Prozess in den letzten Jahren neue Synthesetechnologien an Bedeutung gewonnen. Hierzu zählt die Gasphasenhydrierung von Dimethylmaleat, der Davy-Prozess.Vorteile sind die milden Reaktionsbedingungen und die kombinierte Herstellung von 1,4-Butandiol mit den Folgeprodukten g-Butyrolacton und Tetrahydrofuran. Gegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit war die gezielte Vermeidung von ungewollter Polymerbildung bei der einstufigen Prozessführung der Gasphasenhydrierung von Dimethylmaleat. Zudem wurden mit einem Cu/ZnO/Al2O3-Katalysator detaillierte kinetische Messungen durchgeführt und eine qualitative und quantitative Beschreibung der Reaktionskinetik mit Hilfe eines möglichst einfachen Reaktionsnetzes realisiert.

Industrial organization (Economic theory)

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This open access book addresses relationships that develop from the complex set of legislative, regulatory, and institutional arrangements that arise in the governance of high-hazard industries, especially those connected with safety. It analyses the difference in practices between high-hazard sectors such as nuclear power, chemical processing, and transport with those in the finance and healthcare sectors. The relationship between regulating and regulated entities is important in ensuring that safety is not subordinated to other concerns and in maintaining public confidence. As a result, the brief addresses various pressures and trade-offs inherent in that relationship, trade-offs between such considerations as: cost of the oversight activity and its effectiveness; regulator independence and its level of competency and understanding of the risks involved; ability to provide advice on meeting regulatory goals and being able to criticize decisions made; and effectiveness and intrusion in operational activities. The contributors show how, over time, a more horizontal or “decentred” approach to regulatory oversight has appeared, with a larger degree of delegation of certain decisions to industry and a greater role for a range of third parties such as certification bodies, auditors, insurers, industry associations and NGOs. This book is of interest to academics working in the fields of safety science or organizational management and to practitioners, regulators and policy-makers concerned with health and safety and critical infrastructure.

Industrial Management. --- Industrial policy. --- Industrial organization. --- Regulation and Industrial Policy. --- Industrial Organization. --- Industrial management.

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The EU Industrial Structure analyzes the competitiveness of the EU economy from a sectoral perspective. It provides evidence of performance across Member States and sectors. It yields insights into the competitiveness of different sectors and how they are affected by business fluctuations. It covers the EU industries and compares them to some other key countries like the US, Japan or the BRIC countries. The production of EU industrial structure is a response to the increasing interest in analysing the competitiveness of the EU economy from a sectoral perspective. This publication provides insight into the relative performance of individual industries, and contributes to explaining the competitiveness of the EU economy at large. The publication covers market sectors, from mining to market services, although, wherever necessary, it refers to the whole economy, including primary sectors and non-market services. The work is empirical and data oriented and consists of the creation and analysis of a system of statistical indicators on various facets of sectoral performance and competitiveness. The indicators cover fields of relevance to gain insight into the economics and policy issues of EU sectors. The publication applies the same set of indicators to all sectors and uses input–output data to go beyond the analysis of individual sectors separately buy capturing sectoral interrelations, such as those between manufacturing and services sectors. From a geographical point of view the publication covers the EU-27 as a whole and individual Member States and it also makes comparisons with other countries, such as the US, Japan and BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China), wherever possible. The 2011 edition of EU industrial structure covers the following topics: the recent economic downturn and its fragile recovery, EU sectoral structure, EU sectoral growth and the international competitiveness of EU industry. This publication follows the path laid by EU sectoral competitiveness indicators (2005) and EU industrial structure 2007 and EU industrial structure 2009.

Industrial organization --- Economic history. --- Industrial organization. --- European Union --- European Union. --- European Union countries --- Europe --- Economic conditions --- Yearbooks --- Industrial economics --- Union européenne --- Industrial policy --- Economic policy --- Commercial policy

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Dieser Open-Access-Band fokussiert das „magische Dreieck“ aus Arbeit, Zivilgesellschaft und Politik. Wie diese Drei den gesellschaftlichen Entwicklungen eine transformativ-demokratische Grundrichtung geben können, darauf suchen die Autorinnen und Autoren Antworten. Die Essays reflektieren das drohende Scheitern des Projekts der Moderne, das im Zeichen von Aufklärung und Fortschritt, mit Visionen von Freiheit, Gleichheit und Brüderlichkeit aufbrach. Heute stehen die Nationen, alles andere als vereint, erneut unter dem Eindruck von Krise, Krieg und Katastrophe. Die Bevölkerung sieht sich konfrontiert mit zerstörten Umwelten, Hunger und Flucht, sozialen Existenzängsten in vielen Familien und unermesslichen Reichtümern in wenigen Händen. Die wissenschaftlichen Analysen, schriftstellerischen Exkursionen und politisch-utopischen Skizzen des Bandes wenden sich an alle in Wissenschaft, Politik und Kultur, deren Interesse an engagierten, undogmatischen Diskursen und emanzipatorischen Praktiken ungebrochen ist. Die Herausgeber Jupp Legrand ist Geschäftsführer der Otto Brenner Stiftung in Frankfurt am Main. Benedikt Linden ist wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter im Referat Wissenschaftsförderung und Projektsteuerung der Otto Brenner Stiftung in Frankfurt am Main. Prof. Dr. Hans-Jürgen Arlt arbeitet als Publizist und Sozialwissenschaftler zu den Themenschwerpunkten Kommunikation, Arbeit und Kommunikationsarbeit und lehrt strategische Kommunikationsplanung an der Universität der Künste Berlin.

Industrial sociology. --- Sociology of Work. --- Sociology --- Industrial organization --- Industries --- Social aspects --- Transformation. --- Leipziger Beiträge zu Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft

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At present, how to develop industries is a burning issue in Africa, where population growth remains high and economic development has thus far failed to provide sufficient jobs for many, especially young people and women. The creation of productive jobs through industrial development ought to be a central issue in steering economic activity across the continent. The authors of this book, consisting of two development economists and five practitioners, argue that the adoption of Kaizen management practices, which originated in Japan and have become widely used by manufacturers in advanced and emerging economies, is decisively the most effective first step for industrial development in Africa. This open access book discusses what Kaizen management is, why it is applicable to Africa, and why it can provide Africa with a springboard for sustainable economic growth and employment generation. Keijiro Otsuka is Professor at the Graduate School of Economics, Kobe University, Japan, and Chief Senior Researcher at the Institute of Developing Economies, Japan. Kimiaki Jin is Senior Assistant Director of the Industrial Development and Public Policy Department at the Japan International Cooperation Agency, Japan. Tetsushi Sonobe is Vice President and Chair of the PhD Program Committee, Director of the GRIPS Global Governance Program and Professor of Development Economics at the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS), Japan.

Industrial organization. --- Leadership. --- Development economics. --- Africa—Economic conditions. --- Labor economics. --- Industrial Organization. --- Business Strategy/Leadership. --- Development Economics. --- African Economics. --- Labor Economics. --- Economics --- Economic development --- Ability --- Command of troops --- Followership --- Industries --- Organization --- Industrial concentration --- Industrial management --- Industrial sociology --- Africa --- Economic conditions. --- Management science --- Industrial organization --- Leadership --- Development economics --- Africa—Economic conditions --- Labor economics