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Sécurité des patients, qualité des soins et sérénité des soignants sont articulées dans un contexte évolutif marqué de besoins et d'aspirations mais aussi de ressources et de tensions qui impliquent des choix et des engagements. La médecine est complexe, délicate et noble. Elle n'est pas une science exacte, mais une relation d'aide centrée sur le patient et impliquant du savoir, des outils et des techniques, et surtout des personnes. Si les soignants sont compétents, fiables et utilisables, ils n'en restent pas moins humains, faillibles, perfectibles et respectables, et enfin vulnérables et précieux. Lorsqu'ils sont impliqués à tort ou à raison dans une erreur médicale ou un événement indésirable associé aux soins, ils sont aussi, souvent, en souffrance, confrontés à un véritable « accident du travail » qui doit être accompagné et traité comme tel. Or, s'intéresser au vécu des soignants relève d'un véritable tabou. À l'ère de la prévention, de l'autonomie et de la responsabilité, une approche pro active et lucide est nécessaire et il faut aider les patients à (re) devenir acteurs de leurs soins et les soignants à aborder « sans peur et sans reproches », leurs fragilités et difficultés. À cette condition, ils redeviendront non plus secondes victimes, mais bien, premiers acteurs.

burn-out --- preventieve gezondheidszorg --- gezondheidsvoorzieningen --- gezondheidszorg --- gezondheidspromotie --- Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- Medical Errors --- Burnout, Professional. --- Professional-Patient Relations. --- Medical errors --- Burn out (Psychology) --- Medical personnel and patient --- Erreurs médicales --- Epuisement professionnel --- Relations personnel médical-patient --- prevention & control. --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVMEDEC SPRINGER-B --- Burnout, Professional --- Patient Care --- Physician-Patient Relations

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Il paziente dei nostri servizi sanitari è una persona o un numero? Un soggetto o un oggetto? Una persona sofferente o un insieme di meccanismi da aggiustare in una catena di montaggio di tanti specialisti? A ragione si parla oggi di umanizzazione della medicina e di demedicalizzazione dei servizi. Ci sono oltre venti lauree sanitarie ognuna delle quali dovrebbe comportare una professione diversa da quella del medico, e "più umana": nel percorso formativo di queste lauree sono previste diverse discipline psicologiche e sociali. Ma l’impresa è difficile. Giustamente definite sanitarie, anziché mediche, anzi meglio "della salute", o "di aiuto", queste professioni dovrebbero essere diverse da quella medica: sono di fatto diventate altrettante "altre" professioni mediche. La "mente medica", nel collettivo delle Organizzazioni si è appropriata di queste professioni come fossero "sue". Le diverse scienze psicologiche in primis la Psicologia Clinica e la Psicosomatica, dovrebbero essere al centro della formazione, anzi di una nuova forma mentis, di questi nuovi operatori. Ma come viene applicato l’intento del legislatore nell’Università Italiana e nella cultura sanitaria? Il grande mantello della medicina, di una certa medicina, copre gli scopi che erano stati intuiti come necessari per le differenti professione della Salute. Il presente testo intende chiarire misconoscimenti e riduzionismi che paralizzano il pur auspicato mutamento della medicina e le sue articolazioni in differenti professionalità. La Psicologia Clinica si pone come chiave per leggere la mentalità collettiva che sottende l’attuale cultura sanitaria medicalizzante, che si scontra con le esigenze della persona umana, negando, oltretutto, quanto la psicosomatica oggi ci dice circa la costante modulazione psichica di tutti i processi organici, nella salute così come in tutte le malattie. L’umanizzazione della medicina non è un surplus eticamente giusto per il malato: è un indispensabile agente terapeutico. La sua mancanza è iatrogena.

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