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Batavi (Germanic people) --- Plant remains (Archaeology) --- Romans --- Bataves --- Wijk bij Duurstede (Netherlands) --- Antiquities, Roman --- Batavi (Germanic people). --- 902 <492 DUURSTEDE> --- -Romans --- -Ethnology --- Italic peoples --- Latini (Italic people) --- Archaeobotanical assemblages --- Archaeobotanical material --- Archaeobotanical remains --- Archaeobotany --- Archaeological plant remains --- Archaeology, Botanical --- Assemblages, Archaeobotanical --- Botanical archaeology --- Botany in archaeology --- Material, Archaeobotanical --- Phytoarchaeology --- Remains, Archaeobotanical --- Remains, Plant (Archaeology) --- Remains, Vegetal (Archaeology) --- Vegetal remains (Archaeology) --- Archaeology --- Paleobotany --- Anthracology --- Batavians --- Ethnology --- Germanic peoples --- Archeologie--Nederland--DUURSTEDE --- Methodology --- -Antiquities, Roman --- -Batavians --- 902 <492 DUURSTEDE> Archeologie--Nederland--DUURSTEDE --- Antiquities, Roman. --- archaeobotany --- Archeology --- Wijk bij Duurstede --- Romans - Netherlands - Wijk bij Duurstede. --- Plant remains (Archaeology) - Netherlands - Wijk bij Duurstede.

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Animals, Fossil --- Fossil hominids --- Human evolution --- Human remains (Archaeology) --- Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site (South Africa)

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Archeology --- Bronze age --- Stede Broec --- Animal remains (Archaeology) --- Bovenkarspel Het Valkje Site (Netherlands) --- Netherlands --- Antiquities. --- -Animal remains (Archaeology) --- -Netherlands --- -Archaeozoology --- Zooarchaeology --- Zoology in archaeology --- Archaeology --- Bones --- Animal paleopathology --- Civilization --- Methodology --- Antiquities --- Theses --- -Bovenkarspel Het Valkje Site (Netherlands) --- Bovenkarspel Het Valkje Site (Netherlands). --- archaeozoology --- Archaeozoology --- Bronze age - Netherlands --- Animal remains (Archaeology) - Netherlands

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It is commonly believed that in medieval and post-medieval towns and cities death outnumbered births and that these urban centres could only survive through the influx of migrants; a concept which has come to be known as the urban graveyard effect. Whether this was indeed the case for all cities and towns is still debated, but it is certain that urban citizens were more used to death that we are today. The medieval graveyards in which the deceased were interred, then still located within town limits, are an invaluable source of knowledge for reconstructing past lives. Systematic archaeological and osteoarchaeological research of urban graveyards has become the norm in the Netherlands and Belgium since the 1980s. However, many of the studies remain unpublished and larger, overarching publications in which comparisons are made between different studies are still lacking.0'The urban graveyard' presents several studies in which the results of older archaeological and osteoarchaeological research are compared to more recent excavation data from several Dutch, Belgian and Danish cities and towns. Both the archaeological data concerning burial position, orientation, and grave goods as well as osteoarchaeological data such as demographic information and pathological observations are discussed.

Archaeological physics. --- Physical archaeology --- Physics, Archaeological --- Archaeology --- Physics --- Methodology --- Cemeteries --- Human remains (Archaeology) --- Bioarchaeology --- Skeletal remains (Archaeology) --- Human skeleton --- Primate remains (Archaeology) --- Burial grounds --- Burying-grounds --- Churchyards --- Graves --- Graveyards --- Memorial gardens (Cemeteries) --- Memorial parks (Cemeteries) --- Memory gardens (Cemeteries) --- Necropoleis --- Necropoles --- Necropoli --- Necropolises --- Burial --- Death care industry --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- Urban archaeology --- History

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Animal remains (Archaeology) --- Batavi (Germanic people). --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- Romans --- Batavi (Germanic people) --- 56:591 <492.7> --- -Batavi (Germanic people) --- -Romans --- -Ethnology --- Italic peoples --- Latini (Italic people) --- Archaeological digs --- Archaeological excavations --- Digs (Archaeology) --- Excavation sites (Archaeology) --- Ruins --- Sites, Excavation (Archaeology) --- Archaeology --- Batavians --- Ethnology --- Germanic peoples --- Archaeozoology --- Zooarchaeology --- Zoology in archaeology --- Bones --- Animal paleopathology --- Palaeontology-:-General zoology--?<492.7> --- Methodology --- Nijmegen Region (Netherlands) --- -Antiquities, Roman --- Theses --- -Palaeontology-:-General zoology--?<492.7> --- 56:591 <492.7> Palaeontology-:-General zoology--?<492.7> --- Archeology --- archaeozoology --- anno 1-499 --- Netherlands: East --- -Batavians --- Antiquities, Roman. --- Excavations (Archaeology) - Netherlands - Nijmegen (Region) --- Animal remains (Archaeology) - Netherlands - Nijmegen (Region) --- Romans - Netherlands - Nijmegen (Region)