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Le complexe granulome à éosinophiles du chat est une maladie à composante immunitaire dont l'étiologie reste obscure. Un dysfonctionnement des éosinophiles semble impliqué, générant des lésions cutanées (plaques, ulcères). Plusieurs traitements existent chez le chat. Chez l'humain, un syndrome proche existe, le syndrome de Wells, assez rare. Des traitements existent, au cas par cas, sans systématique, ni guidelines. Les traitements humains suivent-ils les mêmes mécanismes, et peuvent-ils donc être appliqués au chat ? Feline eosinophilic granuloma complex is a disease with an immune component, the aetiology of which remains unclear. A dysfunction of eosinophils seems to be involved, generating skin lesions (plaques, ulcers). Several treatments exist in cats. In humans, a similar syndrome exists, Wells' syndrome, which is quite rare. Treatments exist, on a case-by-case basis, with no systematic approach or guidelines. Do human treatments follow the same mechanisms, and can they therefore be applied to cats?

eosinophils --- feline --- treatments --- Well's syndrom --- skin --- éosinophiles --- chat --- traitements --- Syndrome de Well --- peau --- Sciences du vivant > Médecine vétérinaire & santé animale

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Doelstelling: In deze scriptie wordt onderzocht hoe Engelse discourse markers in de animatiefilm 'Cars' vertaald werden in de gedubde Vlaamse versie van de film. Er wordt nagegaan welke betekenissen de vijf meest voorkomende discourse markers hebben in de film, hoe die vertaald werden in de Vlaamse versie en of er zich in de vertaling verschuivingen voordoen in de betekenissen. Middelen of methode: Op basis van eerdere studies wordt nagegaan hoe discourse markers gedefinieerd worden en welke betekenissen deze woorden en woordgroepen kunnen hebben. Om de betekenissen van de discourse markers in 'Cars' te analyseren, wordt een corpus samengesteld dat bestaat uit het script van de originele Engelse versie van de film en de transcriptie van de Vlaamse versie. Het Engelse script wordt aangepast aan wat echt in de film gezegd wordt. In de analyse wordt onderzocht hoe vaak de Engelse discourse markers voorkomen in het corpus en welke betekenissen ze hebben. Verder wordt nagegaan hoe de discourse markers vertaald werden in de Vlaamse versie en wordt op basis van bestaande literatuur geanalyseerd welke betekenissen die vertalingen hebben. Resultaten: Uit het onderzoek blijkt dat discourse markers over het algemeen vertaald en niet weggelaten worden, wat verschilt van de resultaten in eerder onderzoek door Chaume. ‘Now', ‘well' en ‘oh' blijken meestal letterlijk vertaald te worden, ‘you know' en ‘look' meestal niet. Als ‘well', ‘oh' en ‘look' niet letterlijk vertaald worden, zijn er weinig verschuivingen in de betekenissen, maar als ‘now' en ‘you know' niet letterlijk vertaald worden, zijn er wel verschuivingen in de betekenissen. Waar betekenisverschuivingen zich voordoen, heeft dat vooral tot gevolg dat de (inter)persoonlijke betekenis van de uiting explicieter wordt. De vertaler expliciteert dus vaker dan de schrijver van de brontekst. Wat het meest opvalt, is de vertaling van ‘look'. Die discourse marker wordt meestal als ‘luister' vertaald in plaats van als ‘kijk', wat verschilt met de bevindingen van Van Olmen (2010), maar wat wel duidelijk de expliciterende strategie van de vertaler illustreert.

Audiovisuele vertaling. --- Cars. --- Discourse markers. --- Dubben. --- John Lasseter. --- Look. --- Now. --- Oh. --- Well. --- You know.

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In the scope of polluted site management, the heterogeneity of the subsoil is an important factor
to take into account in the sizing of a remediation plan. This thesis aims at assessing the heterogeneity of an alluvial aquifer through the use of push-pull tests. Push pull tests are single-well tracer tests consisting in the injection of a tracing substance in the aquifer ("push"), followed by the extraction of the mixture of tracing substance and groundwater from the same well ("pull").
These tests are especially suited to polluted sites considering their ease of implementation and
the small volume of potentially polluted water involved. Four tests were performed, during which a potassium chloride tracing solution was injected and then withdrawn from the aquifer. The differences between the tests was either the resting time that separated the injection and extraction phases, the injection rate or the injected volume. The influence of the resting period, of the injected volume and of the injection rate were studied. The mass recovery ratio was computed for each test and ranged between 70 and 80 %, ensuring a good representativity of the results. An analytical expression of a retardation coefficient was established, taking into account the natural flow in the aquifer. This expression is based on the recovery of the centre of mass of the tracer. Considering that the chosen tracer does not sorb on solid surface and that the dispersion effect is minimised in push-pull tests due to the flow reversal, the computed retardation highlights the importance of diffusion or immobile water effects. Indeed, the tracer recovery will be delayed as mass exchanges develop between high permeability zones and immobile water zones. Theses effects will be greater as the heterogeneity in the medium is important. The estimated retardation coefficients were comprised between 1 and 2.3 for the different tests but are expected to stabilise to a value of 2.4 as the elapsed time between the injection and extraction period increased. The stabilised value of the retardation is expected to correspond to the reaching of the equilibrium between the tracer concentration in high and in low permeability zones. The retardation coefficient is however highly dependant on the estimation of several parameters that are strongly correlated: the pore water velocity, the effective porosity and the dispersivity coefficient. Several propositions to make these estimations more robust have been presented.

Push-pull tests --- Single well injection-withdrawal tests --- Single well tracer tests --- Heterogeneity --- Pollutant mass fluxes --- Site remediation --- Alluvial aquifer --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Géologie, ingénierie du pétrole & des mines

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Diversity and inclusion have nowadays known a growing consideration in the education process. However, diversity seems to remain a huge problem in our society in view of discrimination and inequalities about difference. Mattel released a new line of Barbie Dolls, the Fashionistas Dolls. These dolls are an example of new inclusive and diverse toys, which would allow teaching diversity and inclusion to children. By understanding customers’ perceptions about the benefits of diverse and inclusive toys on children, toy companies will be provided with some recommendations to introduce these kinds of toys on the market. Through a literature review and a qualitative study consisting in a thematic analysis based on 15 in-depth interviews, this study aims to understand parents' perceptions on the long-term benefits of playing with Fashionistas Dolls on children's EWB, their self-acceptance and their sense of inclusion. In addition to this, this study identifies parents' motives to purchase these dolls and the link between these motives and the long-term benefits identified. SDT was used as a theoretical framework to explain the influence of playing with the Fashionistas Dolls on the different elements of children’s EWB. The results showed that playing long-term with Fashionistas Dolls contributes to the child’s EWB; self-acceptance and personal growth are improved, while the feeling of inclusion is reinforced for children already familiar with diversity. Also, some factors have an impact on the child’s well-being, regarding the play with the Fashionistas Dolls. Then, parents’ motives to buy Fashionistas Dolls only match the long-term benefit generated through playing with the dolls for the self-acceptance EWB’s dimension. Finally, this study concludes with a discussion of overall implications and limitations of this specific study, as well as suggestions for future research.

Barbie Fashionistas --- Eudaimonic well-being --- Self-realization --- Diverse and inclusive toys --- Inclusion --- Diversity --- Long-term benefits --- Children's eudaimonic well-being --- Parents'perceptions --- Self-determination theory --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Marketing

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GaN, A1GaN/GaN, A1GaAs/GaAs, mobility, scattering, dislocation density, electron concentration, qantum well, heterostructure, esonance current, non-resonance current. --- Electron transport.