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Cytochromes --- Mitochondria --- Oxidoreductases --- Ubiquinone --- Mitochondries --- Mitochondria. --- Cytochromes. --- Oxidoreductases. --- Ubiquinone. --- Chondriosomes --- Cell organelles --- Protoplasm

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The subject for a volume on the fat-soluble vitamins needs no justification considering the importance of this group of nutrients and the rate of expan­ sion of our knowledge of its role in cell biology, genetics, and disease. The level of our understanding has clearly moved from knowing what fat­ soluble vitamins do to how they perform their functions. Hand in hand with a knowledge of their molecular mechanisms of action is the recognition that vitamins are used sparingly, and regeneration processes operate in certain cases to recycle vitamins from their metabolites. We have divided the volume into alphabetical sections beginning with vitamin A and the carotenoids through vitamins D, E, F, and K, and ending with coenzyme Q. The contributors are all acknowledged experts in their particular fields and have made significant contributions to published research results. All have worked assiduously to deliver the product of their labors on a restricted time scale and to provide the most up-to­ date information on their respective topics. We are truly grateful for their indulgence.

General biochemistry --- Pharmacology. Therapy --- Fat-soluble vitamins --- Lipooplosbare vitaminen --- Vitaminen [Lipooplosbare ] --- Vitamines liposolubles --- Vitamins [Fat-soluble ] --- Vitamins, Fat-soluble. --- Vitamins. --- Vitamin A. --- Vitamin D. --- Vitamin E. --- Arachidonic Acid. --- Vitamin K. --- Ubiquinone. --- Vitamines liposolubles. --- Biochemistry. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition --- Tocopherol --- Isopentenoids --- Vitamins, Fat-soluble --- Calcium regulating hormones --- Steroid hormones --- Retinol --- Carotenes --- Retinoids --- Beta carotene --- Retinal (Visual pigment)

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Cosmetic products undergo nowadays rigorous Quality Control testing to ensure that they are safe and stable and that their claims are substantiated by scientifically robust data. Quality Control tests used in the pharmaceutical industry can be applicable also for cosmetic formulations. However, claim substantiation testing is unique to cosmetic products. To enable time- and cost-effective quality control testing, assessment methodologies constantly keep evolving. This Special Issue includes manuscripts that explore all stages of Quality Control testing for cosmetic products, i.e., (1) physicochemical stability testing; (2) microbial stability testing; (3) efficacy testing including objective/subjective claim substantiation testing and the evaluation of sensorial properties; (4) toxicological/safety testing with emphasis on current and evolving methodologies that replace animal testing.

Research & information: general --- Chemistry --- Physical chemistry --- safety --- cosmetics --- botanicals --- toxicology --- TTC --- solar elastosis --- collagen type I --- solar radiation --- non-melanoma skin cancers --- photoaging --- tattoos --- permanent makeup --- PMU --- colorants --- pigments --- cosmetic product safety --- non-animal-testing methodologies --- dermal absorption --- skin irritation --- skin sensitization --- genotoxicity --- endocrine disruptors --- active compounds --- assay --- cosmeceutics --- functional cosmetics --- HPLC-UV --- labelling --- retinoids --- tocopherol --- ubiquinone --- β carotene --- stability testing --- stability protocol --- accelerated ageing --- shelf life --- minimally disruptive formulas --- direct to consumer --- retail model --- sensory testing --- refractive index --- critical wavelength --- turbidity --- skin hydration --- creams --- safety --- cosmetics --- botanicals --- toxicology --- TTC --- solar elastosis --- collagen type I --- solar radiation --- non-melanoma skin cancers --- photoaging --- tattoos --- permanent makeup --- PMU --- colorants --- pigments --- cosmetic product safety --- non-animal-testing methodologies --- dermal absorption --- skin irritation --- skin sensitization --- genotoxicity --- endocrine disruptors --- active compounds --- assay --- cosmeceutics --- functional cosmetics --- HPLC-UV --- labelling --- retinoids --- tocopherol --- ubiquinone --- β carotene --- stability testing --- stability protocol --- accelerated ageing --- shelf life --- minimally disruptive formulas --- direct to consumer --- retail model --- sensory testing --- refractive index --- critical wavelength --- turbidity --- skin hydration --- creams