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As users, we require more and more reliable and longer operation of electronic devices. Most often, the efforts of scientists and engineers related to energy management, energy conversion, and energy storage are overlooked. The PowerMEMS slogan in its meaning hides the science of materials enabling the construction of modern accumulators and batteries, so important for the developing consumer electronics and electromobility; energy harvesters used wherever conventional power sources cannot be used; and finally the methods and algorithms of energy processing and management that increase the efficiency of the devices they operate. This Special Issue contains six research papers selected from those presented at the 19th International Conference on Micro and Nanotechnology for Power Generation and Energy Conversion Applications (Power MEMS 2019), as and representative of all papers presented during the Conference.

History of engineering & technology --- coils --- wireless power transfer --- electrically small antennas --- e-textiles --- internet of things --- wireless energy harvesting --- thermoelectrics --- GeTe --- LiI as dopant --- enhanced power factor --- suppressed thermal transport --- triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) --- mechanical energy harvesting --- single-electrode --- tapping --- flexibility --- porous/rough PDMS --- parylene C --- hermetic packaging --- IoT --- MEMS --- microbattery --- battery --- harvester --- tracker --- wildlifetracking --- heat flux --- thermal resistance --- thermal conductance --- thermal energy harvesting --- endothermic animal --- fur --- 3D printing --- energy harvester --- coils --- wireless power transfer --- electrically small antennas --- e-textiles --- internet of things --- wireless energy harvesting --- thermoelectrics --- GeTe --- LiI as dopant --- enhanced power factor --- suppressed thermal transport --- triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) --- mechanical energy harvesting --- single-electrode --- tapping --- flexibility --- porous/rough PDMS --- parylene C --- hermetic packaging --- IoT --- MEMS --- microbattery --- battery --- harvester --- tracker --- wildlifetracking --- heat flux --- thermal resistance --- thermal conductance --- thermal energy harvesting --- endothermic animal --- fur --- 3D printing --- energy harvester

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As users, we require more and more reliable and longer operation of electronic devices. Most often, the efforts of scientists and engineers related to energy management, energy conversion, and energy storage are overlooked. The PowerMEMS slogan in its meaning hides the science of materials enabling the construction of modern accumulators and batteries, so important for the developing consumer electronics and electromobility; energy harvesters used wherever conventional power sources cannot be used; and finally the methods and algorithms of energy processing and management that increase the efficiency of the devices they operate. This Special Issue contains six research papers selected from those presented at the 19th International Conference on Micro and Nanotechnology for Power Generation and Energy Conversion Applications (Power MEMS 2019), as and representative of all papers presented during the Conference.

coils --- wireless power transfer --- electrically small antennas --- e-textiles --- internet of things --- wireless energy harvesting --- thermoelectrics --- GeTe --- LiI as dopant --- enhanced power factor --- suppressed thermal transport --- triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) --- mechanical energy harvesting --- single-electrode --- tapping --- flexibility --- porous/rough PDMS --- parylene C --- hermetic packaging --- IoT --- MEMS --- microbattery --- battery --- harvester --- tracker --- wildlifetracking --- heat flux --- thermal resistance --- thermal conductance --- thermal energy harvesting --- endothermic animal --- fur --- 3D printing --- energy harvester

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Energy harvesting is the conversion of unused or wasted energy in the ambient environment into useful electrical energy. It can be used to power small electronic systems such as wireless sensors and is beginning to enable the widespread and maintenance-free deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) technology. This Special Issue is a collection of the latest developments in both fundamental research and system-level integration. This Special Issue features two review papers, covering two of the hottest research topics in the area of energy harvesting: 3D-printed energy harvesting and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). These papers provide a comprehensive survey of their respective research area, highlight the advantages of the technologies and point out challenges in future development. They are must-read papers for those who are active in these areas. This Special Issue also includes ten research papers covering a wide range of energy-harvesting techniques, including electromagnetic and piezoelectric wideband vibration, wind, current-carrying conductors, thermoelectric and solar energy harvesting, etc. Not only are the foundations of these novel energy-harvesting techniques investigated, but the numerical models, power-conditioning circuitry and real-world applications of these novel energy harvesting techniques are also presented.

piezoelectric harvester --- orthoplanar spring --- trapezoidal leg --- vibration energy --- acoustic resonance --- closed side branch --- DDES --- wind energy harvester --- Autonomous Internet of Things --- vibration energy harvesting --- electromagnetic–mechanical modeling --- autonomous sensors --- self-powered device --- battery-less modules --- energy harvesting --- Wiegand sensor --- self-oscillating boost converter --- power management --- connected vehicles --- smart cities --- electric vehicle --- IoT --- Tesla --- triboelectric nanogenerators --- ocean wave --- artificial intelligence --- structural health monitoring --- TEG --- thermoelectricity --- thermal energy harvesting --- tracker --- wildlife --- animal --- ultra low power --- 3D printed --- vibration harvester --- electromagnetic --- hybrid --- photovoltaics --- solar panel --- highway --- urban street --- experimental investigation --- water --- solar still --- absorber --- silicon --- temperature --- dual resonance frequencies --- vibration electromagnetic energy harvester --- wide harvested frequency range --- enhanced “band-pass” harvested power --- independent resonant frequencies --- autonomous wireless sensor --- passive energy management --- weak vibration --- electromagnetic converter --- wideband --- planar spring --- voltage multiplier --- rectifier --- predictive maintenance --- failure detection --- WSN --- n/a --- electromagnetic-mechanical modeling --- enhanced "band-pass" harvested power

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Energy harvesting is the conversion of unused or wasted energy in the ambient environment into useful electrical energy. It can be used to power small electronic systems such as wireless sensors and is beginning to enable the widespread and maintenance-free deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) technology. This Special Issue is a collection of the latest developments in both fundamental research and system-level integration. This Special Issue features two review papers, covering two of the hottest research topics in the area of energy harvesting: 3D-printed energy harvesting and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). These papers provide a comprehensive survey of their respective research area, highlight the advantages of the technologies and point out challenges in future development. They are must-read papers for those who are active in these areas. This Special Issue also includes ten research papers covering a wide range of energy-harvesting techniques, including electromagnetic and piezoelectric wideband vibration, wind, current-carrying conductors, thermoelectric and solar energy harvesting, etc. Not only are the foundations of these novel energy-harvesting techniques investigated, but the numerical models, power-conditioning circuitry and real-world applications of these novel energy harvesting techniques are also presented.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- piezoelectric harvester --- orthoplanar spring --- trapezoidal leg --- vibration energy --- acoustic resonance --- closed side branch --- DDES --- wind energy harvester --- Autonomous Internet of Things --- vibration energy harvesting --- electromagnetic-mechanical modeling --- autonomous sensors --- self-powered device --- battery-less modules --- energy harvesting --- Wiegand sensor --- self-oscillating boost converter --- power management --- connected vehicles --- smart cities --- electric vehicle --- IoT --- Tesla --- triboelectric nanogenerators --- ocean wave --- artificial intelligence --- structural health monitoring --- TEG --- thermoelectricity --- thermal energy harvesting --- tracker --- wildlife --- animal --- ultra low power --- 3D printed --- vibration harvester --- electromagnetic --- hybrid --- photovoltaics --- solar panel --- highway --- urban street --- experimental investigation --- water --- solar still --- absorber --- silicon --- temperature --- dual resonance frequencies --- vibration electromagnetic energy harvester --- wide harvested frequency range --- enhanced "band-pass" harvested power --- independent resonant frequencies --- autonomous wireless sensor --- passive energy management --- weak vibration --- electromagnetic converter --- wideband --- planar spring --- voltage multiplier --- rectifier --- predictive maintenance --- failure detection --- WSN --- piezoelectric harvester --- orthoplanar spring --- trapezoidal leg --- vibration energy --- acoustic resonance --- closed side branch --- DDES --- wind energy harvester --- Autonomous Internet of Things --- vibration energy harvesting --- electromagnetic-mechanical modeling --- autonomous sensors --- self-powered device --- battery-less modules --- energy harvesting --- Wiegand sensor --- self-oscillating boost converter --- power management --- connected vehicles --- smart cities --- electric vehicle --- IoT --- Tesla --- triboelectric nanogenerators --- ocean wave --- artificial intelligence --- structural health monitoring --- TEG --- thermoelectricity --- thermal energy harvesting --- tracker --- wildlife --- animal --- ultra low power --- 3D printed --- vibration harvester --- electromagnetic --- hybrid --- photovoltaics --- solar panel --- highway --- urban street --- experimental investigation --- water --- solar still --- absorber --- silicon --- temperature --- dual resonance frequencies --- vibration electromagnetic energy harvester --- wide harvested frequency range --- enhanced "band-pass" harvested power --- independent resonant frequencies --- autonomous wireless sensor --- passive energy management --- weak vibration --- electromagnetic converter --- wideband --- planar spring --- voltage multiplier --- rectifier --- predictive maintenance --- failure detection --- WSN

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This book is devoted to energy harvesting from smart materials and devices. It focusses on the latest available techniques recently published by researchers all over the world. Energy Harvesting allows otherwise wasted environmental energy to be converted into electric energy, such as vibrations, wind and solar energy. It is a common experience that the limiting factor for wearable electronics, such as smartphones or wearable bands, or for wireless sensors in harsh environments, is the finite energy stored in onboard batteries. Therefore, the answer to the battery “charge or change” issue is energy harvesting because it converts the energy in the precise location where it is needed. In order to achieve this, suitable smart materials are needed, such as piezoelectrics or magnetostrictives. Moreover, energy harvesting may also be exploited for other crucial applications, such as for the powering of implantable medical/sensing devices for humans and animals. Therefore, energy harvesting from smart materials will become increasingly important in the future. This book provides a broad perspective on this topic for researchers and readers with both physics and engineering backgrounds.

magnetostrictive --- energy harvesting --- wearable --- magnetostrictive materials --- Galfenol --- finite element model --- iron–gallium --- measurements --- preisach model --- piezoelectric ceramics --- lead-free piezoceramics --- virtual instrument --- 3D electrospinning --- PVDF fibers --- piezoelectricity --- piezoelectric sensing --- wind energy harvesting --- snap-through motion --- dynamic stability --- variable-speed --- double-clamped --- width shapes --- piezoelectric energy harvester --- electrodes pair --- MEMS structure --- finite element method --- open circuit voltage --- moving load --- layered double hydroxide solar cell (LDHSC) --- photoactive material --- UV-Vis absorption --- dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) --- photoactive layered double hydroxide (LDH) --- transition metal modification --- optical bandgap analysis --- renewable energy --- photovoltaic device design --- iron (Fe) modified MgFeAl LDH --- triboelectric effect --- polymer and composites --- low-power devices --- thermomagnetic energy generators --- power generation --- waste heat recovery --- lumped-element modelling --- magnetic shape memory films --- Ni-Mn-Ga film --- magnetization change --- Curie temperature --- finite element simulation --- piezoelectric unit distributions --- electrical potential and energy --- von Mises stress --- PVDF --- piezoelectric material --- human body movements --- glass fiber-reinforced polymer composite --- multifunctional structural laminate --- thermal energy harvesting --- through-thickness thermal gradient --- thermoelectric generator (TEG) --- n/a --- iron-gallium