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HIV Seropositivity --- HIV Seroprevalence. --- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome --- HIV Infections --- Seroprevalence, HIV --- HIV Testing --- AIDS Serodiagnosis --- epidemiology. --- Semiology. Diagnosis. Symptomatology --- Infectious diseases. Communicable diseases --- HIV Seroprevalence --- epidemiology

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HIV infections --- Epidemiology --- Health surveys --- HIV Seroprevalence. --- Cross-Sectional Studies. --- Epidemiologic Factors. --- Health Surveys. --- Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice. --- Risk factors --- Africa South of the Sahara. --- Africa, Sub-Saharan.

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Objectif : Les employés d’un service de prévention et de protection au travail représentent une population pouvant être exposée au SARS-CoV-2 dans le cadre de leur métier. L’objectif de la recherche est d’identifier si la séroprévalence Covid-19 des employés d’un service de prévention et de protection au travail est influencée ou non par des conditions d’exposition professionnelle.
Matériel et méthodes : Les données ont été récoltées auprès des employés volontaires de Cohezio (service externe de prévention et de protection au travail) au cours de trois campagnes réalisées à intervalles réguliers entre juin 2020 et janvier 2021. La récolte des données s’est opérée via un test sérologique et un questionnaire en ligne. Les données ont été analysées au travers du statut sérologique Covid-19, de la sérologie Covid-19 et d’une analyse des cas dont le statut sérologique est devenu positif au cours de l’étude.
Résultats : Les résultats montrent que l’unique facteur de risque lié aux conditions d’exposition professionnelle est la réalisation de prélèvements nasopharyngés pour des tests PCR par les employés, présentant un odds ratio de 2,77 (IC 95% : 1,40 – 5,50). Aucun facteur d’exposition professionnelle ne présente d’association statistiquement significative avec la sérologie Covid-19 des employés. Le second facteur de risque identifié est d’ordre privé : le diagnostic Covid-19 d’un membre de la famille du travailleur présente un odds ratio de 6,21 (IC 95% : 2,88 – 13,35).
Conclusion : L’étude tend à démontrer que le milieu professionnel au sein d’un service externe de prévention et de protection au travail ne présente pas un risque augmenté de contamination au SARS-CoV-2. Par leur métier, les employés sont régulièrement amenés à appliquer des mesures d’hygiène et de sécurité : ce qui explique probablement les raisons pour lesquelles peu de facteurs liés au milieu professionnel influencent la séroprévalence Covid-19. Cette recherche tend également à confirmer qu’un autre facteur de risque pour la transmission du SARS-CoV-2 se situe dans la sphère familiale où les personnes ont tendance à diminuer les précautions contre la transmission du coronavirus.

SARS-CoV-2 --- Covid-19 --- séroprévalence --- service externe de prévention et de protection au travail --- exposition professionnelle --- Sciences de la santé humaine > Santé publique, services médicaux & soins de santé

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Throughout history, wildlife has been an important source of infectious diseases transmissible to humans. Today, zoonoses with a wildlife reservoir constitute a major public health problem, affecting all continents. The importance of such zoonoses is increasingly recognized, and the need for more attention in this area is being addressed. The total number of zoonoses is unknown, some 1,415 known human pathogens have been catalogued, and 62% are of zoonotic origin [1]. With time, more and more human pathogens are found to be of animal origin. Moreover, most emerging infectious diseases in humans are zoonoses. Wild animals seem to be involved in the epidemiology of most zoonoses and serve as major reservoirs for transmission of zoonotic agents to domestic animals and humans [2]. The concept of the ‘One Health’ approach involving collaboration between veterinary and medical scientists, policy makers, and public health officials, is necessary to foster joint cooperation and control of emerging zoonotic diseases [3]. Zoonotic diseases caused by a wide range of arthropods, bacteria, helminths, protozoans, and viruses can cause serious and even life-threatening clinical conditions in animals, with a number of them also affecting the human population due to their zoonotic potential. The aim of the current Special Issue is to cover recent and novel research trends in zoonotic diseases in wildlife, including the relevant topics related to wildlife, zoonosis, public health, emerging diseases, infectious diseases and parasitic diseases.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Zoology & animal sciences --- west nile virus --- arbovirus --- zoonotic --- macaque --- bats --- c-ELISA --- RT-PCR --- Anaplasma phagocytophilum --- zoonosis --- tick --- wild ungulates --- phylogenesis --- molecular epidemiology --- Coxiella burnetii --- Q fever --- serology --- epidemiology --- wildlife --- European bison --- micromammals --- Cryptosporidium --- Giardia --- Blastocystis --- Enterocytozoon bieneusi --- Balantioides coli --- Troglodytella --- non-human primates --- rats --- zoological garden --- one health --- Helicobacter spp. --- PCR --- Sus scrofa --- Meles meles --- badger --- tuberculosis --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex --- P22 ELISA --- isolation --- cattle --- Atlantic Spain --- filter card --- faeces --- transportation --- storage --- preservation --- Giardia duodenalis --- Cryptosporidium hominis --- seroprevalence --- ruminants --- humans --- dust --- aerosols --- Salmonella --- turtles --- wildlife rescue centres --- camera-traps --- interactions --- wildlife-livestock interface --- non-tuberculous mycobacteria --- Leptospira interrogans --- microscopic agglutination test --- Slovenia --- n/a

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The increased international transportation and trade over the last few decades have increased the risk of the introduction of pathogens into new areas. Global climate change has influenced environmental conditions and the ability of pathogens to survive, and has changed the habitats of certain vectors and hosts. These processes have led to the emergence or re-emergence of various pathogens in different parts of the world, including those affecting horses. This Special Issue features some aspects regarding several well recognized as well as some new and emerging equine viral pathogens, highlighting the need for updated epidemiological data. Such surveillance is crucial for proper decision making by clinicians and by regulatory authorities. Also demonstrated by the recent global emergence of SARS-CoV-2, the development of an effective infrastructure for the rapid and effective detection and control of novel viral pathogens, as well as re-emerging ones, is essential. Horses should play an important role in such surveillance systems, not only for equine pathogens but also as sentinels to other viruses and arboviruses. As was demonstrated in several examples in this Special Issue, it is important to remember, both as clinicians and as researchers, that when facing clinical cases, even when those are common, we should remain alert to the possibility of the intrusion of unknown pathogens and, therefore, should seek a definitive diagnosis. This may allow for the early detection of emerging or re-emerging pathogens.

equine coronavirus --- horse --- enteric disease --- ECoV --- seroprevalence --- equine --- viruses --- loop-mediated isothermal amplification --- insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction --- field-deployable --- point-of-care testing --- Huculs --- viral status --- immunological status --- equine viral diseases --- EHV-1 --- EHV-4 --- ELISA --- VNT --- Morocco --- equine parvoviruses --- equine parvovirus hepatitis --- equine parvovirus CSF --- equine copivirus --- nasal fluid --- blood --- qPCR --- sick equids --- healthy horses --- gammaherpesvirus --- horses --- respiratory disease --- equine herpesvirus 1, -2, -4, -5 --- equine influenza --- quantitative PCR --- equine encephalosis virus --- EEV --- epidemiology --- clinical disease --- control --- Culicoides --- SARS-CoV-2 --- nasal secretions --- n/a