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Russian formalism --- Structuralism --- Russian formalism --- Structuralism

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Literary theory flourished in Central and Eastern Europe throughout the twentieth century, but its relation to Western literary scholarship is complex. This book sheds light on the entangled histories of exchange and influence both within the region known as Central and Eastern Europe, and between the region and the West. The exchange of ideas between scholars in the East and West was facilitated by both personal and institutional relations, both official and informal encounters. For the longest time, however, intellectual exchange was thwarted by political tensions that led to large parts of Central and Eastern Europe being isolated from the West. A few literary theories nevertheless made it into Western scholarly discourses via exiled scholars. Some of these scholars, such as Mikhail Bakhtin, become widely known in the West and their thought was transposed onto new, Western cultural contexts; others, such as Ol’ga Freidenberg, were barely noticed outside of Russian and Poland. This volume draws attention to the schools, circles, and concepts that shaped the development of theory in Central and Eastern Europe as well as the histoire croisée – the history of translations, transformations, and migrations – that conditioned its relationship with the West.

LITERARY CRITICISM / European / Eastern (see also Russian & Former Soviet Union). --- Mikhail Bakhtin. --- Russian formalism. --- Structuralism and Semiotics. --- Yuri Lotman.

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Summary: Defamiliarisation or ostrannenie, the artistic technique of forcing the audience to see common things in an unfamiliar or strange way, in order to enhance perception of the familiar, ihas become one of the central concept of modern artistic practice, ranging over movements including Dada, postmodernism, epic theatre, and science fiction, as well as our response to arts. Coined by the Soviet literary critic Victor Shklovskii in 1917, ostrannenie has come to resonate deeply in film studies, where it entered into dialogue with the French philosopher Derrida's concept of differance, bordering on 'differing' and 'deferring'. Striking, provocative and incisive, the essays of the distinguished film scholars in this volume recall the range and depth of a concept that since 1917 changed the trajectory of theoretical inquiry.

Philosophy --- Film --- Motion pictures --- Cinéma --- History. --- Histoire --- History and criticism --- ostrannenie --- defamiliarisation --- Avant-garde --- Bertolt Brecht --- Distancing effect --- Futurism --- History of film --- Russian formalism --- Viktor Shklovsky

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Literature, Modern --- Formalism (Literary analysis) --- Formalism (Russian literature) --- Russian formalism (Literary analysis) --- Criticism --- History and criticism. --- 82.09 --- 82.09 Literaire kritiek --- Literaire kritiek --- History and criticism

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The Russian formalists emerged from the Russian Revolution with ideas about the independence of literature. They enjoyed that independence until Stalin shut them down. By then, however, they had produced essays that remain among the best defenses ever written for both literature and its theory. Included here are four essays representing key points in the formalists' short history. Victor Shklovsky's pioneering "Art as Technique" (1917) defines the literary as a way to make us see familiar things as if for the first time. His 1921 essay on Tristram Shandy makes that eccentric novel the centerpiece for a theory of narrative. A section from Boris Tomashevsky's "Thematics" (1925) inventories the elements of stories. In "The Theory of the 'Formal Method'" (1927), Boris Eichenbaum defends Russian Formalism against various attacks. An able champion, he describes Formalism's evolution, notes its major figures and works, clears away decayed axioms, and rescues literature from "primitive historicism" and other dangers. These essays set a course for literary studies that led to Prague structuralism, French semiotics, and postmodern poetics. Russian Formalist Criticism has been honored as a Choice Outstanding Academic Book of the Year by the American Library Association.

Formalism (Literary analysis) --- Literature, Modern. --- ספרות מודרנית --- الأدب، الحديث --- Modern literature --- Arts, Modern --- פורמליזם (ניתוח ספרותי) --- Formalism (Russian literature) --- Russian formalism (Literary analysis) --- Criticism