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The overarching goal of this book is to provide a current picture of the latest developments in the capabilities of biomedical photoacoustic imaging and sensing in an affordable setting, such as advances in the technology involving light sources, and delivery, acoustic detection, and image reconstruction and processing algorithms. This book includes 14 chapters from globally prominent researchers , covering a comprehensive spectrum of photoacoustic imaging topics from technology developments and novel imaging methods to preclinical and clinical studies, predominantly in a cost-effective setting. Affordability is undoubtedly an important factor to be considered in the following years to help translate photoacoustic imaging to clinics around the globe. This first-ever book focused on biomedical photoacoustic imaging and sensing using affordable resources is thus timely, especially considering the fact that this technique is facing an exciting transition from benchtop to bedside. Given its scope, the book will appeal to scientists and engineers in academia and industry, as well as medical experts interested in the clinical applications of photoacoustic imaging.

Medicine --- photoacoustic microscopy --- ultrasonic transducer --- optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy --- transparent ultrasound transducer --- ultrasound stimulation --- photoacoustic --- LED --- clinic --- optical imaging --- tomography --- ultrasound --- small animal --- liver --- fibrosis --- optoacoustic --- spectral imaging --- blind source separation --- unsupervised unmixing --- photoacoustic imaging --- 3-D printed photoacoustic probe holder --- light delivery optimization --- LED divergence --- illumination scheme --- in vivo --- mouse --- Monte Carlo --- linear array --- tumor imaging --- LED-based photoacoustic imaging --- hair follicles --- FUE --- FUT --- photoacoustic computed tomography --- light-emitting diodes --- laser diodes --- oxygen saturation imaging --- photoacoustics --- fluence compensation --- hypoxia --- deep tissue imaging --- hemangioma --- laser --- light-emitting diodes (LED) --- mobile health --- peripheral arterial disease --- stroke --- vascular malformations --- signal enhancement --- pre-illumination --- photo-thermal effect --- heat capacity --- remote sensing --- endoscopy --- speckle

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Infrared (IR) technologies—from Herschel’s initial experiment in the 1800s to thermal detector development in the 1900s, followed by defense-focused developments using HgCdTe—have now incorporated a myriad of novel materials for a wide variety of applications in numerous high-impact fields. These include astronomy applications; composition identifications; toxic gas and explosive detection; medical diagnostics; and industrial, commercial, imaging, and security applications. Various types of semiconductor-based (including quantum well, dot, ring, wire, dot in well, hetero and/or homo junction, Type II super lattice, and Schottky) IR (photon) detectors, based on various materials (type IV, III-V, and II-VI), have been developed to satisfy these needs. Currently, room temperature detectors operating over a wide wavelength range from near IR to terahertz are available in various forms, including focal plane array cameras. Recent advances include performance enhancements by using surface Plasmon and ultrafast, high-sensitivity 2D materials for infrared sensing. Specialized detectors with features such as multiband, selectable wavelength, polarization sensitive, high operating temperature, and high performance (including but not limited to very low dark currents) are also being developed. This Special Issue highlights advances in these various types of infrared detectors based on various material systems.

microbolometer --- infrared sensor --- complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) --- high sensitivity --- temperature sensor --- microresonator --- MEMS --- clamped–clamped beam --- thermal detector --- Infrared detector --- strained layer superlattice --- InAs/InAsSb --- absorption coefficient --- barrier detector --- high operating temperature --- manganite --- heterostructure --- photodetector --- heterostructures --- split-off band --- wavelength extension --- device performance --- ultrasound transducer --- photoacoustic imaging --- piezoelectric --- micromachined --- CMUT --- PMUT --- optical ultrasound detection --- type-II superlattice --- infrared detector --- mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) --- unipolar barrier --- InAs/GaSb --- T2SL --- IR --- TE-cooled --- spectroscopy --- RoHS --- MCT --- n/a --- clamped-clamped beam

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To mark the recent advances in nanomaterials and nanotechnology in biomedical imaging and cancer therapy, this book, entitled Application of Nanomaterials in Biomedical Imaging and Cancer Therapy includes a collection of important nanomaterial studies on medical imaging and therapy. The book covers recent works on hyperthermia, external beam radiotherapy, MRI-guided radiotherapy, immunotherapy, photothermal therapy, and photodynamic therapy, as well as medical imaging, including high-contrast and deep-tissue imaging, quantum sensing, super-resolution microscopy, and three-dimensional correlative light and electron microscopy. The significant research results and findings explored in this work are expected to help students, researchers and teachers working in the field of nanomaterials and nanotechnology in biomedical physics, to keep pace with the rapid development and the applications of nanomaterials in precise imaging and targeted therapy.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- nanoparticles --- anisotropy --- plasmonic photothermal therapy --- surface plasmon resonance --- light scattering --- cancer treatment --- drug release --- microgels --- gold nanorods --- cancer therapy --- photothermal therapy --- photoacoustic imaging --- lung cancer --- EGFR-targeting --- nanoparticle --- cancer --- immunotherapy --- pH-responsive --- drug delivery --- application --- biomedical imaging --- correlative microscopy --- 3D CLEM --- volume imaging --- NIR-triggered --- photothermal agent --- deep tissue --- upconversion nanoparticles --- silica-coated UCNPs --- bio-imaging --- bio-application --- gold nanoparticles --- spiky nanoparticles --- phototheranostics --- colon cancer cells --- NIR triggering --- gold nanoparticle --- nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy --- MR-guided radiotherapy --- DNA damage --- Monte Carlo simulation --- dose enhancement --- magnetic field --- phototherapy --- photodynamic therapy --- Co-Fe ferrite nanoparticles --- magnetic hyperthermia --- specific loss power --- optimization --- alternative therapy --- n/a

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Photoacoustic (or optoacoustic) imaging, including photoacoustic tomography (PAT) and photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), is an emerging imaging modality with great clinical potential. PAI’s deep tissue penetration and fine spatial resolution also hold great promise for visualizing physiology and pathology at the molecular level. PAI combines optical contrast with ultrasonic resolution, and is capable of imaging at depths of up to 7 cm with a real-time scalable spatial resolution of 10 to 500 µm. PAI has demonstrated applications in brain imaging and cancer imaging, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer etc. This Special Issue focuses on the novel technological developments and pre-clinical and clinical biomedical applications of PAI. Topics include but are not limited to: brain imaging; cancer imaging; image reconstruction; quantitative imaging; light source and delivery for PAI; photoacoustic detectors; nanoparticles designed for PAI; photoacoustic molecular imaging; photoacoustic spectroscopy.

photoacoustic imaging --- tomography --- thermoacoustic --- radio frequency --- image quality assessment --- image formation theory --- image reconstruction techniques --- sparsity --- signal processing --- deconvolution --- empirical mode decomposition --- signal deconvolution --- photoacoustics --- tissue characterization --- absorption --- Photoacoustic Computed Tomography (PACT) --- ring array --- fast imaging --- low cost --- photoacoustic tomography --- full-field detection --- wave equation --- final time inversion --- uniqueness --- stability --- iterative reconstruction --- 3D photoacoustic tomography --- full-view illumination and ultrasound detection --- photoacoustic coplanar --- quartz bowl --- correlation matrix filter --- time reversal operator --- photo-acoustic tomography --- reflection artifacts --- deep learning --- convolutional neural network --- time reversal --- Landweber algorithm --- U-net --- optoacoustic imaging --- respiratory gating --- motion artifacts --- full-ring illumination --- diffused-beam illumination --- point source illumination --- ultrasound tomography (UST) --- photoacoustic tomography (PAT) --- n/a

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To mark the recent advances in nanomaterials and nanotechnology in biomedical imaging and cancer therapy, this book, entitled Application of Nanomaterials in Biomedical Imaging and Cancer Therapy includes a collection of important nanomaterial studies on medical imaging and therapy. The book covers recent works on hyperthermia, external beam radiotherapy, MRI-guided radiotherapy, immunotherapy, photothermal therapy, and photodynamic therapy, as well as medical imaging, including high-contrast and deep-tissue imaging, quantum sensing, super-resolution microscopy, and three-dimensional correlative light and electron microscopy. The significant research results and findings explored in this work are expected to help students, researchers and teachers working in the field of nanomaterials and nanotechnology in biomedical physics, to keep pace with the rapid development and the applications of nanomaterials in precise imaging and targeted therapy.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- nanoparticles --- anisotropy --- plasmonic photothermal therapy --- surface plasmon resonance --- light scattering --- cancer treatment --- drug release --- microgels --- gold nanorods --- cancer therapy --- photothermal therapy --- photoacoustic imaging --- lung cancer --- EGFR-targeting --- nanoparticle --- cancer --- immunotherapy --- pH-responsive --- drug delivery --- application --- biomedical imaging --- correlative microscopy --- 3D CLEM --- volume imaging --- NIR-triggered --- photothermal agent --- deep tissue --- upconversion nanoparticles --- silica-coated UCNPs --- bio-imaging --- bio-application --- gold nanoparticles --- spiky nanoparticles --- phototheranostics --- colon cancer cells --- NIR triggering --- gold nanoparticle --- nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy --- MR-guided radiotherapy --- DNA damage --- Monte Carlo simulation --- dose enhancement --- magnetic field --- phototherapy --- photodynamic therapy --- Co-Fe ferrite nanoparticles --- magnetic hyperthermia --- specific loss power --- optimization --- alternative therapy