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Household carbon dioxide emissions have been an increasing function of income and distance from the city. Richer suburbanites drive more and consume more electricity and natural gas at home. In recent years, richer people in California have been more likely to buy electric vehicles and to install solar panels in their homes. The electricity grid has become less carbon intensive over time. Using several California datasets, we document that these ongoing shifts in consumer behavior have flattened household transportation carbon dioxide Engel curves over the years 2018 to 2022. While household electricity emissions as a function of income have flattened, the natural gas Engel curves have not. We explore the political economy implications of the ongoing decarbonization of the private vehicle fleet. Based on voting data from California, we document that communities tend to support higher fuel taxes when their vehicle fleet is more fuel efficient.

Carbon offsetting.

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Emissions trading --- Carbon offsetting

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Market-based solutions to environmental problems offer great promise, but require complex public policies that take into account the many institutional factors necessary for the market to work and that guard against the social forces that can derail good public policies. Using insights about markets from the new institutional economics, this book sheds light on the institutional history of the emissions trading concept as it has evolved across different contexts. It makes accessible the policy design and practical implementation aspects of a key tool for fighting climate change: emissions t

Emissions trading. --- Carbon offsetting.

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"The supreme challenge of our time is tackling climate change. We urgently need to curtail our use of fossil fuels - but how can we do so in a just and feasible way? In this compelling book, leading economist James Boyce shows that the key to solving this conundrum is to put a price on carbon emissions, thereby generating powerful incentives for clean energy. But there is a formidable hurdle: how do we secure broad public support for a policy that increases fuel costs for consumers? Boyce powerfully argues that carbon pricing can only be made just and politically durable if linked to returning the revenue to the public as carbon dividends. Founded on the principle that the gifts of nature belong to us all, not to corporations or governments, this bold reform could spark a 21st century clean energy revolution. Essential reading for all concerned citizens, policy-makers, and students of public policy and environmental economics, this book will be a transformative contribution to one of the most important policy debates of our era"-- "In this compelling book, leading economist James Boyce shows that the key to curtailing our use of fossil fuels is to put a price on carbon emissions. But how do we secure broad public support for a policy that increases fuel costs for consumers? This book's proposed solution is essential reading for all concerned citizens and policy-makers"--

Carbon offsetting --- Carbon offsetting --- Carbon offsetting --- Emissions trading --- Emissions trading --- Economic aspects --- Law and legislation --- Economic aspects

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"The scientific evidence draws a clear picture: To limit global warming to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels, Green House Gas (GHG) emissions need to peak before 2025 and be reduced by 43 per cent by 2030, while net zero emissions need to be achieved globally in the early 2050s (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)). The international climate change legal framework is also clear. It requires all countries to adopt climate change mitigation measures in order to achieve the common objective of limiting the increase in global temperatures to "well below" 2°C but leaves each country free to choose the specific measures and policies to meet their individual emissions reduction targets. This report focuses on carbon pricing as one policy strand used to tackle global GHG emissions. It gives an overview of implemented and forthcoming domestic and cross-border carbon pricing mechanisms, as well as their implications for GHG emissions, international trade and development. It lays out the characteristics of various approaches, including the potential pitfalls and unintended economic and environmental side effects which need to be addressed for these approaches to work."--

Carbon offsetting. --- Carbon taxes. --- Greenhouse gas mitigation.