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Cable tension monitoring is essential to ensure the continuous safety of cable structures throughout their entire lifetime. The present paper aims at developing a frequency-based identification procedure of the axial forces for a network of two cross-cables with non-negligible bending stiffness anchored to possible flexible supports. Physical models relying on the in-plane and out-of-plane dynamic behavior are presented through a Finite Element Method. The previous results are then compared to the outcomes of an analytical approach for validation purposes. To acquire a first set of observed eigenfrequencies, experimental measurements performed on a reduced scale model of the structural network are carried out. The latter shows during the inverse approach a certain limitation, namely that the bending stiffness of the cable is too small to be accurately identified. However, these measurements allow the validation of the inverse identification approach. To perform these identifications, the use of a non-linear Bayesian regression turned out to be a powerful tool to get overall ranges of estimated parameter values with their own probability to be observed. As second method, the function exttt{fminsearch} from the optimization toolbox of exttt{Matlab} proves to be effective in the identification strategy to obtain a single optimal value of the unknown parameters. The use of the Laplace approximation allows to complete this last method by providing a Gaussian PDF around the optimal value. Finally, the validation of the identification method is achieved through the experimental natural frequencies acquired on one selected cable network on the Milsaucy bridge in Liège, leading among other things to the consideration of flexible anchor supports.

cross-cable network --- nverse identification approach --- tension monitoring --- Metropolis-Hastings algorithm --- natural frequencies --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Ingénierie mécanique

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The use of composite materials in the design process allows one to tailer a component’s mechanical properties, thus reducing its overall weight. On the one hand, the possible combinations of matrices, reinforcements, and technologies provides more options to the designer. On the other hand, it increases the fields that need to be investigated in order to obtain all the information requested for a safe design. This Applied Sciences Special Issue, “Composite Materials in Design Processes”, collects recent advances in the design methods for components made of composites and composite material properties at a laminate level or using a multi-scale approach.

Technology: general issues --- laser etching --- water jet --- polycrystalline silicon --- orthogonal test --- physical conditions --- electrodeposition --- SiC whisker --- texture --- morphology --- self-healing --- epoxy resin --- microcapsule --- insulating composite --- breakdown strength --- physical damage --- electrical tree --- analytical model --- fabrics --- weave pattern --- shear deformation --- tension-shear coupling --- RTM --- composites --- FEM simulation --- permeability characterization --- design optimization --- solar vehicles --- photovoltaic roof --- lightweight structures --- carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) --- natural frequencies --- stiffness --- heat exchange --- Ansys ACP --- constructal design --- resin flow --- porous media --- numerical simulation --- filling time --- composite ship --- composite structure --- glass fiber content --- void volume --- burn-off test --- calcination test --- composite laminates --- nanofibers --- fracture --- polyvinylidene fluoride --- polysulfone --- CFRP laminate --- thin composite panel --- viscoelastic material --- vibration response --- damping --- experimental modal analysis --- slamming --- damage --- viscoelastic layer --- prepreg --- OoA --- n/a

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In the past, when elements in sructures were composed of perishable materials, such as wood, the maintenance of houses, bridges, etc., was considered of vital importance for their safe use and to preserve their efficiency. With the advent of materials such as reinforced concrete and steel, given their relatively long useful life, periodic and constant maintenance has often been considered a secondary concern. When it was realized that even for structures fabricated with these materials that the useful life has an end and that it was being approached, planning maintenance became an important and non-negligible aspect. Thus, the concept of structural health monitoring (SHM) was introduced, designed, and implemented as a multidisciplinary method. Computational mechanics, static and dynamic analysis of structures, electronics, sensors, and, recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) are required, but it is also important to consider new materials, especially those with intrinsic self-diagnosis characteristics, and to use measurement and survey methods typical of modern geomatics, such as satellite surveys and highly sophisticated laser tools.

Medicine --- structural health monitoring --- jointless bridge --- high-speed railway --- bearing --- expansion device --- displacement analysis --- structural reliability estimation --- modal identification --- finite element model updating --- cyber-physical systems --- crowdsourcing --- temperature effects --- time-lag effect --- Fourier series expansion --- box-girder bridges --- structural engineering --- overall deformation monitoring --- perspective transformation --- edge detection --- close-range photogrammetry --- railway embankment --- condition assessment --- ground penetrating radar --- multi-attribute utility theory --- laser scanner --- line scanner --- structure monitoring --- deformation --- dynamic measurements --- scan-to-BIM --- point cloud --- HBIM --- FEM --- Rhinoceros --- terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) --- ground-based real aperture radar (GB-RAR) --- vibration frequency --- spectral analysis --- displacement --- structural health monitoring (SHM) --- vibration-based damage detection --- system identification --- subspace system identification (SSI) --- tie rod --- natural frequencies --- mode shapes --- root-mean-square error (RMSE) --- environmental monitoring --- long-range mapping --- MMS --- sub-millimetric EDM geodetic techniques --- damage detection --- damage localization --- hybrid approach --- neural network --- timber bridges --- stress-laminated timber decks --- monitoring --- humidity-temperature sensors --- wood moisture content --- multi-phase models --- finite element method --- moving load identification --- strain influence line --- load transverse distribution --- strain integral coefficient --- identification error --- structural health monitoring --- jointless bridge --- high-speed railway --- bearing --- expansion device --- displacement analysis --- structural reliability estimation --- modal identification --- finite element model updating --- cyber-physical systems --- crowdsourcing --- temperature effects --- time-lag effect --- Fourier series expansion --- box-girder bridges --- structural engineering --- overall deformation monitoring --- perspective transformation --- edge detection --- close-range photogrammetry --- railway embankment --- condition assessment --- ground penetrating radar --- multi-attribute utility theory --- laser scanner --- line scanner --- structure monitoring --- deformation --- dynamic measurements --- scan-to-BIM --- point cloud --- HBIM --- FEM --- Rhinoceros --- terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) --- ground-based real aperture radar (GB-RAR) --- vibration frequency --- spectral analysis --- displacement --- structural health monitoring (SHM) --- vibration-based damage detection --- system identification --- subspace system identification (SSI) --- tie rod --- natural frequencies --- mode shapes --- root-mean-square error (RMSE) --- environmental monitoring --- long-range mapping --- MMS --- sub-millimetric EDM geodetic techniques --- damage detection --- damage localization --- hybrid approach --- neural network --- timber bridges --- stress-laminated timber decks --- monitoring --- humidity-temperature sensors --- wood moisture content --- multi-phase models --- finite element method --- moving load identification --- strain influence line --- load transverse distribution --- strain integral coefficient --- identification error

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Modelling and simulation in acoustics is currently gaining importance. In fact, with the development and improvement of innovative computational techniques and with the growing need for predictive models, an impressive boost has been observed in several research and application areas, such as noise control, indoor acoustics, and industrial applications. This led us to the proposal of a special issue about “Modelling, Simulation and Data Analysis in Acoustical Problems”, as we believe in the importance of these topics in modern acoustics’ studies. In total, 81 papers were submitted and 33 of them were published, with an acceptance rate of 37.5%. According to the number of papers submitted, it can be affirmed that this is a trending topic in the scientific and academic community and this special issue will try to provide a future reference for the research that will be developed in coming years.

Research & information: general --- noise barrier --- insertion loss --- vehicle frequencies --- diffraction --- flow speed --- Analytical solutions --- FDTD --- EMATs --- beam directivity --- perforate tube silencer --- transmission loss (TL) --- pressure loss --- computational fluid dynamics (CFD) --- temperature --- air flow velocity --- graphical bilinear method --- seismic survey --- dynamic cone penetration test --- soil depth --- time-distance curve --- KZK equation --- fractional order derivative --- ultrasound hyperthermia --- HIFU --- acoustic simulation --- Kramers–Kronig relation --- stereo audio coding --- Principal Component Analysis (PCA) --- multi-frame --- Pyramid Vector Quantization (PVQ) --- bowel sound --- bowel motility --- automatic detection/evaluation --- power-normalized cepstral coefficients --- noncontact instrumentation --- acoustic localization --- cross array --- moving sound source --- discrete sampling --- error analysis --- open-air theatres --- acoustical measurements --- prediction models --- historical acoustics --- Direction of Arrival (DOA) --- time-frequency (TF) mask --- speech sparsity --- speech enhancement (SE) --- acoustic vector sensor (AVS) --- intelligent service robot --- voice generation --- multichannel electroglottograph --- larynx acoustics --- fingerprinting acoustic localization --- iterative interpolation --- K-Means clustering --- Two-stage matching --- Adjacent RPs --- dynamic tissue property --- Westervelt equation --- thermal damage zone --- submerged floating tunnel (SFT) --- mooring line --- coupled dynamics --- hydro-elastic responses --- wet natural frequencies --- mooring tension --- seismic excitation --- wave excitation --- seaquake --- thick annular circular plate --- Rayleigh integral --- finite element modeling --- rectangular and concentric stiffener patches --- taper ratio --- thickness variation --- MRI --- Zone Plates --- ultrasonic lenses --- piano playing --- vibrotactile feedback --- interaction --- musical performance --- auditory perception --- sensors --- actuators --- crack growth --- acoustic echo --- COSMO --- p-value --- l1-regularized RLS --- sparsity --- room impulse response --- total least squares --- regularization factor --- fluid-filled polyethylene (PE) pipeline --- noise control --- acoustic propagation --- cutoff phenomenon --- UWA communication --- channel modelling --- OFDM --- channel estimation --- simulation platform --- minimum variance distortionless response --- signal self-cancellation --- direction estimation --- underwater acoustic source --- spatial power spectrum --- cochlear implant --- coding strategy --- Fixed-Channel --- Channel-Picking --- vocoder simulation --- normal-hearing --- point mass --- parabolic thickness variation --- landmine detection --- lumped parameter model --- prodder --- resonance frequency --- noised-induced hearing loss --- powered surgical instruments --- ultrasonic aspirator --- transcanal endoscopic ear surgery --- balanced armature receiver --- lumped parameter method --- finite element method and Boundary element method --- focused transducer --- acoustic field --- nonuniform radiation distribution --- Bessel radiation distribution --- spherically curved uniform radiator --- rim radiation --- Lamb waves --- wooden constructions --- acoustics --- low frequency noise --- modelling --- ultrasonic guided waves --- SAFE --- rail defect detection --- mode excitation --- solid dielectrics --- acoustic emission --- artificial neural networks --- electrical treeing --- wavelets --- non-destructive testing --- high-voltage insulating systems --- boundary element method --- Helmholtz equation --- structural health monitoring --- mooring chain --- fatigue crack growth --- structural integrity --- n/a --- Kramers-Kronig relation

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Modelling and simulation in acoustics is currently gaining importance. In fact, with the development and improvement of innovative computational techniques and with the growing need for predictive models, an impressive boost has been observed in several research and application areas, such as noise control, indoor acoustics, and industrial applications. This led us to the proposal of a special issue about “Modelling, Simulation and Data Analysis in Acoustical Problems”, as we believe in the importance of these topics in modern acoustics’ studies. In total, 81 papers were submitted and 33 of them were published, with an acceptance rate of 37.5%. According to the number of papers submitted, it can be affirmed that this is a trending topic in the scientific and academic community and this special issue will try to provide a future reference for the research that will be developed in coming years.

Research & information: general --- noise barrier --- insertion loss --- vehicle frequencies --- diffraction --- flow speed --- Analytical solutions --- FDTD --- EMATs --- beam directivity --- perforate tube silencer --- transmission loss (TL) --- pressure loss --- computational fluid dynamics (CFD) --- temperature --- air flow velocity --- graphical bilinear method --- seismic survey --- dynamic cone penetration test --- soil depth --- time-distance curve --- KZK equation --- fractional order derivative --- ultrasound hyperthermia --- HIFU --- acoustic simulation --- Kramers-Kronig relation --- stereo audio coding --- Principal Component Analysis (PCA) --- multi-frame --- Pyramid Vector Quantization (PVQ) --- bowel sound --- bowel motility --- automatic detection/evaluation --- power-normalized cepstral coefficients --- noncontact instrumentation --- acoustic localization --- cross array --- moving sound source --- discrete sampling --- error analysis --- open-air theatres --- acoustical measurements --- prediction models --- historical acoustics --- Direction of Arrival (DOA) --- time-frequency (TF) mask --- speech sparsity --- speech enhancement (SE) --- acoustic vector sensor (AVS) --- intelligent service robot --- voice generation --- multichannel electroglottograph --- larynx acoustics --- fingerprinting acoustic localization --- iterative interpolation --- K-Means clustering --- Two-stage matching --- Adjacent RPs --- dynamic tissue property --- Westervelt equation --- thermal damage zone --- submerged floating tunnel (SFT) --- mooring line --- coupled dynamics --- hydro-elastic responses --- wet natural frequencies --- mooring tension --- seismic excitation --- wave excitation --- seaquake --- thick annular circular plate --- Rayleigh integral --- finite element modeling --- rectangular and concentric stiffener patches --- taper ratio --- thickness variation --- MRI --- Zone Plates --- ultrasonic lenses --- piano playing --- vibrotactile feedback --- interaction --- musical performance --- auditory perception --- sensors --- actuators --- crack growth --- acoustic echo --- COSMO --- p-value --- l1-regularized RLS --- sparsity --- room impulse response --- total least squares --- regularization factor --- fluid-filled polyethylene (PE) pipeline --- noise control --- acoustic propagation --- cutoff phenomenon --- UWA communication --- channel modelling --- OFDM --- channel estimation --- simulation platform --- minimum variance distortionless response --- signal self-cancellation --- direction estimation --- underwater acoustic source --- spatial power spectrum --- cochlear implant --- coding strategy --- Fixed-Channel --- Channel-Picking --- vocoder simulation --- normal-hearing --- point mass --- parabolic thickness variation --- landmine detection --- lumped parameter model --- prodder --- resonance frequency --- noised-induced hearing loss --- powered surgical instruments --- ultrasonic aspirator --- transcanal endoscopic ear surgery --- balanced armature receiver --- lumped parameter method --- finite element method and Boundary element method --- focused transducer --- acoustic field --- nonuniform radiation distribution --- Bessel radiation distribution --- spherically curved uniform radiator --- rim radiation --- Lamb waves --- wooden constructions --- acoustics --- low frequency noise --- modelling --- ultrasonic guided waves --- SAFE --- rail defect detection --- mode excitation --- solid dielectrics --- acoustic emission --- artificial neural networks --- electrical treeing --- wavelets --- non-destructive testing --- high-voltage insulating systems --- boundary element method --- Helmholtz equation --- structural health monitoring --- mooring chain --- fatigue crack growth --- structural integrity --- noise barrier --- insertion loss --- vehicle frequencies --- diffraction --- flow speed --- Analytical solutions --- FDTD --- EMATs --- beam directivity --- perforate tube silencer --- transmission loss (TL) --- pressure loss --- computational fluid dynamics (CFD) --- temperature --- air flow velocity --- graphical bilinear method --- seismic survey --- dynamic cone penetration test --- soil depth --- time-distance curve --- KZK equation --- fractional order derivative --- ultrasound hyperthermia --- HIFU --- acoustic simulation --- Kramers-Kronig relation --- stereo audio coding --- Principal Component Analysis (PCA) --- multi-frame --- Pyramid Vector Quantization (PVQ) --- bowel sound --- bowel motility --- automatic detection/evaluation --- power-normalized cepstral coefficients --- noncontact instrumentation --- acoustic localization --- cross array --- moving sound source --- discrete sampling --- error analysis --- open-air theatres --- acoustical measurements --- prediction models --- historical acoustics --- Direction of Arrival (DOA) --- time-frequency (TF) mask --- speech sparsity --- speech enhancement (SE) --- acoustic vector sensor (AVS) --- intelligent service robot --- voice generation --- multichannel electroglottograph --- larynx acoustics --- fingerprinting acoustic localization --- iterative interpolation --- K-Means clustering --- Two-stage matching --- Adjacent RPs --- dynamic tissue property --- Westervelt equation --- thermal damage zone --- submerged floating tunnel (SFT) --- mooring line --- coupled dynamics --- hydro-elastic responses --- wet natural frequencies --- mooring tension --- seismic excitation --- wave excitation --- seaquake --- thick annular circular plate --- Rayleigh integral --- finite element modeling --- rectangular and concentric stiffener patches --- taper ratio --- thickness variation --- MRI --- Zone Plates --- ultrasonic lenses --- piano playing --- vibrotactile feedback --- interaction --- musical performance --- auditory perception --- sensors --- actuators --- crack growth --- acoustic echo --- COSMO --- p-value --- l1-regularized RLS --- sparsity --- room impulse response --- total least squares --- regularization factor --- fluid-filled polyethylene (PE) pipeline --- noise control --- acoustic propagation --- cutoff phenomenon --- UWA communication --- channel modelling --- OFDM --- channel estimation --- simulation platform --- minimum variance distortionless response --- signal self-cancellation --- direction estimation --- underwater acoustic source --- spatial power spectrum --- cochlear implant --- coding strategy --- Fixed-Channel --- Channel-Picking --- vocoder simulation --- normal-hearing --- point mass --- parabolic thickness variation --- landmine detection --- lumped parameter model --- prodder --- resonance frequency --- noised-induced hearing loss --- powered surgical instruments --- ultrasonic aspirator --- transcanal endoscopic ear surgery --- balanced armature receiver --- lumped parameter method --- finite element method and Boundary element method --- focused transducer --- acoustic field --- nonuniform radiation distribution --- Bessel radiation distribution --- spherically curved uniform radiator --- rim radiation --- Lamb waves --- wooden constructions --- acoustics --- low frequency noise --- modelling --- ultrasonic guided waves --- SAFE --- rail defect detection --- mode excitation --- solid dielectrics --- acoustic emission --- artificial neural networks --- electrical treeing --- wavelets --- non-destructive testing --- high-voltage insulating systems --- boundary element method --- Helmholtz equation --- structural health monitoring --- mooring chain --- fatigue crack growth --- structural integrity