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Regular physical activity (PA) is both a preventive measure and a cure for non-communicable diseases. Moreover, PA improves mental health, quality of life, and well-being. Conversely, physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyles have negative impacts on individuals, families, and society, as evidenced in particular by the spread of the obesity epidemic. PA has proven to be a low-cost alternative for the treatment and prevention of disease. Therefore, interventions to prevent avoidable diseases by increasing the proportion of physically active people are fundamental. The Special Issue “Physical Activity, Wellness and Health: Challenges, Benefits and Strategies” was collected research articles on anthropometric determinants of health and performance, PA and healthy habits, exercise and diet, exercise and body composition, interventions to promote PA for people of all ages, strategies for the implementation of an active life, and the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolic syndrome. A total of 20 articles were published, falling mainly into the following three areas: anthropometry, health, and sport; health benefits of exercise; population studies and strategies for an active life. All of the studies support strategies to promote PA and reduce sedentary behavior among adolescents, adults and the elderly. There is no doubt that regular exercise is beneficial to health, but the general population should be encouraged to engage in more of it.

Research & information: general --- handgrip strength --- anthropometry --- handedness --- body composition --- physical activity --- sports practice --- breast cancer --- bioimpedance --- adolescent --- adolescent health --- exercise --- health surveillance --- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia --- National Fitness Programs --- per capita area --- school sports facilities --- urban parks --- rural sports venues --- depression --- mortality --- cardiovascular diseases --- cardiovascular risk factors --- public health --- aging --- dose-response --- cardiorespiratory fitness --- agility test --- executive function --- strength --- older adults --- cardiovascular disease --- healthy ageing --- Ingwavuma --- KwaZulu-Natal --- modifiable behaviour --- rural --- South Africa --- medical diagnostic --- decision tree --- logistic regression --- machine learning --- adolescents --- students --- goal orientation --- emotional intelligence --- burnout --- multiple sclerosis --- accelerometer --- gender differences --- fitness --- foresight --- delphi study --- Europe --- healthy eating intention --- physical activity intention --- emotions --- aversive state --- reinforcement --- social support --- self-concept --- health utility --- quality of life --- rehabilitation --- stroke --- sleep quality --- perceived stress --- mediating effect --- Chinese college students --- dog walking --- health behavior change --- stealth health --- pet ownership --- human–animal interaction --- animal-assisted intervention --- targeted learning --- youth athletes --- soccer --- injury --- overuse --- maturation --- exercise participation --- physical self-concept --- self-esteem --- mental well-being --- mobile phone addiction --- procrastination --- college students --- China --- pandemic --- coronavirus --- physical exercise --- general health --- biopsychosocial model of health --- life course perspective --- university students --- multivariate analysis --- wellbeing --- n/a --- human-animal interaction

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• Reference Manager
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Regular physical activity (PA) is both a preventive measure and a cure for non-communicable diseases. Moreover, PA improves mental health, quality of life, and well-being. Conversely, physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyles have negative impacts on individuals, families, and society, as evidenced in particular by the spread of the obesity epidemic. PA has proven to be a low-cost alternative for the treatment and prevention of disease. Therefore, interventions to prevent avoidable diseases by increasing the proportion of physically active people are fundamental. The Special Issue “Physical Activity, Wellness and Health: Challenges, Benefits and Strategies” was collected research articles on anthropometric determinants of health and performance, PA and healthy habits, exercise and diet, exercise and body composition, interventions to promote PA for people of all ages, strategies for the implementation of an active life, and the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolic syndrome. A total of 20 articles were published, falling mainly into the following three areas: anthropometry, health, and sport; health benefits of exercise; population studies and strategies for an active life. All of the studies support strategies to promote PA and reduce sedentary behavior among adolescents, adults and the elderly. There is no doubt that regular exercise is beneficial to health, but the general population should be encouraged to engage in more of it.

handgrip strength --- anthropometry --- handedness --- body composition --- physical activity --- sports practice --- breast cancer --- bioimpedance --- adolescent --- adolescent health --- exercise --- health surveillance --- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia --- National Fitness Programs --- per capita area --- school sports facilities --- urban parks --- rural sports venues --- depression --- mortality --- cardiovascular diseases --- cardiovascular risk factors --- public health --- aging --- dose-response --- cardiorespiratory fitness --- agility test --- executive function --- strength --- older adults --- cardiovascular disease --- healthy ageing --- Ingwavuma --- KwaZulu-Natal --- modifiable behaviour --- rural --- South Africa --- medical diagnostic --- decision tree --- logistic regression --- machine learning --- adolescents --- students --- goal orientation --- emotional intelligence --- burnout --- multiple sclerosis --- accelerometer --- gender differences --- fitness --- foresight --- delphi study --- Europe --- healthy eating intention --- physical activity intention --- emotions --- aversive state --- reinforcement --- social support --- self-concept --- health utility --- quality of life --- rehabilitation --- stroke --- sleep quality --- perceived stress --- mediating effect --- Chinese college students --- dog walking --- health behavior change --- stealth health --- pet ownership --- human–animal interaction --- animal-assisted intervention --- targeted learning --- youth athletes --- soccer --- injury --- overuse --- maturation --- exercise participation --- physical self-concept --- self-esteem --- mental well-being --- mobile phone addiction --- procrastination --- college students --- China --- pandemic --- coronavirus --- physical exercise --- general health --- biopsychosocial model of health --- life course perspective --- university students --- multivariate analysis --- wellbeing --- n/a --- human-animal interaction

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Internet use-related addiction problems (e.g., Internet addiction, problem mobile phone use, problem gaming, and social networking) have been defined according to the same core element: the addictive symptomatology presented by individuals who excessively and problematically behave using the technology. Online activity is the most important factor in their lives, causing them the loss of control by stress and difficulties in managing at least one aspect of their daily life, affecting users’ wellbeing and health. In 2018, Gaming Disorder was included as a mental disease in the 11th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases by the World Health Organization. In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association requested additional research on Internet Gaming Disorder. The papers contained in this e-Book provide unique and original perspectives on the concept, development, and early detection of the prevention of these health problems. They are diverse in the nature of the problems they deal with, methodologies, populations, cultures, and contain insights and a clear indication of the impact of individual, social, and environmental factors on Internet use-related addiction problems. The e-Book illustrates recent progress in the evolution of research, with great emphasis on gaming and smartphone problems, signaling areas in which research would be useful, even cross-culturally.

phubbing --- CERM --- smartphone --- technological addictions --- CERI --- mobile phone use --- gambling --- teenagers --- behavioural addictions --- video-game addiction --- review --- suppression --- gaming disorder --- generalised versus specific problem Internet uses --- young children --- Internet Use Disorder --- measurement invariance --- immersion --- latent profile analysis --- adolescents --- emotional regulation --- deep approach to learning --- Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS) --- comorbid psychopathology --- adolescence --- smartphone use --- gender --- self-control --- internet gaming disorder --- personality traits --- expectancies --- prevalence --- screen addiction --- surface approach to learning --- Internet-use disorder --- expectations --- early childhood education --- stress --- smartphone addiction --- convergent design --- mobile phone addiction --- Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) --- mobile phone (or smartphone) use --- comorbidity --- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-5) --- focus group --- emergent bilinguals --- psychometric testing --- approaches to learning --- problematic Internet use --- social networking --- commuting --- mixed methods research --- interpersonal relationships --- Internet gaming disorder --- self-efficacy --- Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS) --- Internet literacy --- parenting --- Dickman Impulsivity Inventory-Short Version (DII) --- well-being --- problematic smartphone use --- coping strategies --- addiction --- anxiety --- cognitive distortion --- fear of missing out (FOMO) --- impulsivity --- survey --- propensity score --- game device usage pattern --- hostility --- young people --- cognitive reappraisal --- Internet addiction --- university students --- epidemiology --- problematic social media use (PSMU) --- personality --- behavioral addictions --- China --- cultural differences --- problematic mobile phone use --- mobile phone dependence --- interpersonal relations --- social media --- online social network --- Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire --- Internet Gaming Disorder --- IGD --- intergenerational language transmission --- internet addiction --- Problematic Mobile Phone Use --- pathological video-game use --- serial mediation --- depression --- time --- phubbing --- CERM --- smartphone --- technological addictions --- CERI --- mobile phone use --- gambling --- teenagers --- behavioural addictions --- video-game addiction --- review --- suppression --- gaming disorder --- generalised versus specific problem Internet uses --- young children --- Internet Use Disorder --- measurement invariance --- immersion --- latent profile analysis --- adolescents --- emotional regulation --- deep approach to learning --- Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS) --- comorbid psychopathology --- adolescence --- smartphone use --- gender --- self-control --- internet gaming disorder --- personality traits --- expectancies --- prevalence --- screen addiction --- surface approach to learning --- Internet-use disorder --- expectations --- early childhood education --- stress --- smartphone addiction --- convergent design --- mobile phone addiction --- Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) --- mobile phone (or smartphone) use --- comorbidity --- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-5) --- focus group --- emergent bilinguals --- psychometric testing --- approaches to learning --- problematic Internet use --- social networking --- commuting --- mixed methods research --- interpersonal relationships --- Internet gaming disorder --- self-efficacy --- Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS) --- Internet literacy --- parenting --- Dickman Impulsivity Inventory-Short Version (DII) --- well-being --- problematic smartphone use --- coping strategies --- addiction --- anxiety --- cognitive distortion --- fear of missing out (FOMO) --- impulsivity --- survey --- propensity score --- game device usage pattern --- hostility --- young people --- cognitive reappraisal --- Internet addiction --- university students --- epidemiology --- problematic social media use (PSMU) --- personality --- behavioral addictions --- China --- cultural differences --- problematic mobile phone use --- mobile phone dependence --- interpersonal relations --- social media --- online social network --- Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire --- Internet Gaming Disorder --- IGD --- intergenerational language transmission --- internet addiction --- Problematic Mobile Phone Use --- pathological video-game use --- serial mediation --- depression --- time