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In this fascinating study, Carol Hakim presents a new and original narrative on the origins of the Lebanese national idea. Hakim's study reconsiders conventional accounts that locate the origins of Lebanese nationalism in a distant legendary past and then trace its evolution in a linear and gradual manner. She argues that while some of the ideas and historical myths at the core of Lebanese nationalism appeared by the mid-nineteenth century, a coherent popular nationalist ideology and movement emerged only with the establishment of the Lebanese state in 1920. Hakim reconstructs the complex process that led to the appearance of fluid national ideals among members of the clerical and secular Lebanese elite, and follows the fluctuations and variations of these ideals up until the establishment of a Lebanese state. The book is an essential read for anyone interested in the evolution of nationalism in the Middle East and beyond.

Nationalism --- Elite (Social sciences) --- Political culture --- Maronites --- Druzes --- Culture --- Political science --- Elites (Social sciences) --- Leadership --- Power (Social sciences) --- Social classes --- Social groups --- Consciousness, National --- Identity, National --- National consciousness --- National identity --- International relations --- Patriotism --- Autonomy and independence movements --- Internationalism --- Political messianism --- History. --- Political activity --- Lebanon --- Mount Lebanon (Lebanon : Province) --- Liban --- République libanaise --- Libanon --- Lubnān --- Libanan --- Livan --- Mont-Liban (Turkey : Mutaṣarrifīyah) --- Jabal Lubnān (Turkey : Mutaṣarrifīyah) --- Levanon --- Líbano --- Livanos --- Grand Lebanon --- Grand Liban --- Lebanese Republic --- Jumhūrīyah al Lubnānīyah --- Jumhouriya al-Lubnaniya --- Republic of Lebanon --- لبنان --- جمهورية اللبنانية --- Ліван --- Ліванская Рэспубліка --- Livanskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Ливан --- Република Ливан --- Republika Livan --- Λίβανος --- Δημοκρατία του Λιβάνου --- Dēmokratia tou Livanou --- Jumhūrīyyah al-Lubnānīyyah --- 레바논 --- לבנון --- רפובליקה הלבנונית --- Republiḳah ha-Levanonit --- Либан --- Либанска Република --- Libanska Republika --- レバノン --- Rebanon --- レバノン共和国 --- Rebanon Kyōwakoku --- Ливанская Республика --- Республіка Ліван --- Respublika Livan --- Ліванська Республика --- Livansʹka Respublyka --- Levonen --- 黎巴嫩 --- Libanen --- Politics and government --- Politics and government. --- Ethnic relations --- History of Asia --- anno 1800-1899 --- anno 1900-1909 --- anno 1910-1919 --- 1920. --- academic. --- bashir ii. --- clerical elite. --- fascinating study. --- historical myths. --- history. --- lebanese national idea. --- lebanese nationalism. --- lebanese state. --- lebanese. --- lebanon history. --- lebanon. --- mid 19th century. --- middle east history. --- middle east. --- middle eastern history. --- middle eastern states. --- national ideals. --- nationalism. --- nationalist ideology. --- nationalist movements. --- original narrative. --- popular nationalist ideology. --- secular lebanese elite. --- world history.