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Book
JCM-Advances in Cardiology
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Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Cardiology and cardiovascular sciences are two rapidly growing areas in medicine, with heart diseases being the number one cause of death worldwide. The last four decades have witnessed many developments in various cardiological sciences, including coronary artery disease, valve disease, heart failure, congenital heart diseases, and cardiovascular imaging, with a number of newly developed concepts, such as cardio-oncology, cardio-renal diseases, and preventive cardiology. This Special Issue (SI) of the Journal of Clinical Medicine, entitled “JCM-Advances in Cardiology”, focuses on recent advances in the cardiological sciences. It published 8 research articles of significant clinical and scientific value.


Book
JCM-Advances in Cardiology
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Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Cardiology and cardiovascular sciences are two rapidly growing areas in medicine, with heart diseases being the number one cause of death worldwide. The last four decades have witnessed many developments in various cardiological sciences, including coronary artery disease, valve disease, heart failure, congenital heart diseases, and cardiovascular imaging, with a number of newly developed concepts, such as cardio-oncology, cardio-renal diseases, and preventive cardiology. This Special Issue (SI) of the Journal of Clinical Medicine, entitled “JCM-Advances in Cardiology”, focuses on recent advances in the cardiological sciences. It published 8 research articles of significant clinical and scientific value.


Book
JCM-Advances in Cardiology
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Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Cardiology and cardiovascular sciences are two rapidly growing areas in medicine, with heart diseases being the number one cause of death worldwide. The last four decades have witnessed many developments in various cardiological sciences, including coronary artery disease, valve disease, heart failure, congenital heart diseases, and cardiovascular imaging, with a number of newly developed concepts, such as cardio-oncology, cardio-renal diseases, and preventive cardiology. This Special Issue (SI) of the Journal of Clinical Medicine, entitled “JCM-Advances in Cardiology”, focuses on recent advances in the cardiological sciences. It published 8 research articles of significant clinical and scientific value.


Book
Bioactive Compounds from Brown Algae
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Brown algae comprise approx. 2040 species grown in various climatic conditions. They represent a reservoir of various bioactive compounds, including fucoidan, alginate, phlorotannins, and fucoxanthins. They have shown an array of applications in pharmaceutical and medical fields. Hence, the Guest Editor invites all interested authors to submit their contributions to the current issue in Marine Drugs entitled “Bioactive Compounds from Brown Algae”. It aims to highlight different aspects of bioactive compounds found in brown algae, in either research or review articles. Specifically, we are interested in downstream processes, chemistry, biotechnology, and applications of, for example, heteropolysaccharides and other brown algae bioactives. In addition, the structure elucidation and enzymatic modification of these components are also within the scope of the present Issue.


Book
Bioactive Compounds from Brown Algae
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Brown algae comprise approx. 2040 species grown in various climatic conditions. They represent a reservoir of various bioactive compounds, including fucoidan, alginate, phlorotannins, and fucoxanthins. They have shown an array of applications in pharmaceutical and medical fields. Hence, the Guest Editor invites all interested authors to submit their contributions to the current issue in Marine Drugs entitled “Bioactive Compounds from Brown Algae”. It aims to highlight different aspects of bioactive compounds found in brown algae, in either research or review articles. Specifically, we are interested in downstream processes, chemistry, biotechnology, and applications of, for example, heteropolysaccharides and other brown algae bioactives. In addition, the structure elucidation and enzymatic modification of these components are also within the scope of the present Issue.

Keywords

Medicine --- hepatic steatosis --- lipogenesis --- seaweed --- polyphenol --- fucoidans --- fucoidanases --- glycosidic linkages --- molecular masses --- NMR --- structure–activity relationships --- fucoidan --- cancer --- VEGF --- gene expression --- toxicity --- Dictyosiphon foeniculaceus --- retinal pigment epithelium --- glioblastoma --- astrocytes --- uveal melanoma --- 7-phloro-eckol --- HepG2/CYP2E1 cells --- oxidative stress --- apoptosis --- anti-lung cancer --- brown algae --- human lung carcinoma A-549 cells --- oversulfation --- Sargassum aquifolium --- phlorotannins --- antifungal --- larvicidal --- brown seaweeds --- biological activities --- anti-inflammatory --- antioxidant --- coastal area --- crude lipid extract --- Sargassum ilicifolium --- gut microbiota --- bioaccessibility --- short-chain fatty acids --- prebiotics --- gastrointestinal tract --- noise --- hearing loss --- dieckol --- PFF-A --- alginate --- laminarin --- bioactivity --- hepatic steatosis --- lipogenesis --- seaweed --- polyphenol --- fucoidans --- fucoidanases --- glycosidic linkages --- molecular masses --- NMR --- structure–activity relationships --- fucoidan --- cancer --- VEGF --- gene expression --- toxicity --- Dictyosiphon foeniculaceus --- retinal pigment epithelium --- glioblastoma --- astrocytes --- uveal melanoma --- 7-phloro-eckol --- HepG2/CYP2E1 cells --- oxidative stress --- apoptosis --- anti-lung cancer --- brown algae --- human lung carcinoma A-549 cells --- oversulfation --- Sargassum aquifolium --- phlorotannins --- antifungal --- larvicidal --- brown seaweeds --- biological activities --- anti-inflammatory --- antioxidant --- coastal area --- crude lipid extract --- Sargassum ilicifolium --- gut microbiota --- bioaccessibility --- short-chain fatty acids --- prebiotics --- gastrointestinal tract --- noise --- hearing loss --- dieckol --- PFF-A --- alginate --- laminarin --- bioactivity


Book
The Effect of Diet and Nutrition on Postprandial Metabolism
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Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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The postprandial period is the metabolic phase that directly follows the ingestion of a meal. This period is critical to the handling of nutrients to feed the body throughout the whole day but it is also a time of challenge for the body’s metabolism, which has to be flexible and adaptable regarding the quantity and the quality of the nutrient intake. Changes in postprandial metabolism have been considered to be potential early markers in the pathophysiological course, finally leading to an increased risk of disease development. This book aimed to broaden and add to the research on the importance of postprandial metabolism in nutrition. The book includes literature reviews that cover the broad state of the art of our knowledge about postprandial metabolism, fine original studies of the complex changes in metabolism, and the physiological processes that are considered to drive the onset of pathogenesis. Finally, a series of examples on how nutrient content (especially proteins, sucrose, and lipids) can influence the postprandial metabolism over a wide range of phenomena operating during the postprandial period and how they could contribute to tipping the body towards adverse health processes.

Keywords

Medicine --- peripheral blood mononuclear cells --- postprandial metabolism --- high fat–high sugar diet --- minipig --- adipose tissue --- biomarkers --- glucose --- human --- night --- postprandial --- wheat albumin --- energy expenditure --- fat oxidation --- respiratory quotient --- sucrose overfeeding --- hepatic steatosis --- intramyocellular lipids --- intrahepatocellular lipids --- dietary protein content --- dietary fat content --- plasma triglyceride --- liver --- gut --- obesity --- amino acid --- lactate --- nutrient flux --- short chain fatty acid --- aging --- catabolic state --- anabolic resistance --- protein synthesis --- energy bolus --- postprandial lipemia --- coconut oil --- butter --- canola oil --- olive oil --- lipid --- triglycerides --- dietary fat --- saturated fat --- cardiovascular disease --- carbohydrates --- cholesterol --- fibers --- food structure --- lipids --- polyphenols --- proteins --- vitamins --- ADMA --- arginine --- SDMA --- DMA --- PRMT --- alpha-glucosidase inhibitor --- biopeptides --- blood glucose --- glycemic control --- hyperglycemia --- milk peptides --- prediabetes --- pre-meal --- type 2 diabetes --- metabolic syndrome --- endothelial function --- oxidative stress --- nuts --- berries --- LBP --- sCD14 --- postprandial kinetics --- high-fat diet --- peripheral blood mononuclear cells --- postprandial metabolism --- high fat–high sugar diet --- minipig --- adipose tissue --- biomarkers --- glucose --- human --- night --- postprandial --- wheat albumin --- energy expenditure --- fat oxidation --- respiratory quotient --- sucrose overfeeding --- hepatic steatosis --- intramyocellular lipids --- intrahepatocellular lipids --- dietary protein content --- dietary fat content --- plasma triglyceride --- liver --- gut --- obesity --- amino acid --- lactate --- nutrient flux --- short chain fatty acid --- aging --- catabolic state --- anabolic resistance --- protein synthesis --- energy bolus --- postprandial lipemia --- coconut oil --- butter --- canola oil --- olive oil --- lipid --- triglycerides --- dietary fat --- saturated fat --- cardiovascular disease --- carbohydrates --- cholesterol --- fibers --- food structure --- lipids --- polyphenols --- proteins --- vitamins --- ADMA --- arginine --- SDMA --- DMA --- PRMT --- alpha-glucosidase inhibitor --- biopeptides --- blood glucose --- glycemic control --- hyperglycemia --- milk peptides --- prediabetes --- pre-meal --- type 2 diabetes --- metabolic syndrome --- endothelial function --- oxidative stress --- nuts --- berries --- LBP --- sCD14 --- postprandial kinetics --- high-fat diet


Book
The Effect of Diet and Nutrition on Postprandial Metabolism
Authors: ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The postprandial period is the metabolic phase that directly follows the ingestion of a meal. This period is critical to the handling of nutrients to feed the body throughout the whole day but it is also a time of challenge for the body’s metabolism, which has to be flexible and adaptable regarding the quantity and the quality of the nutrient intake. Changes in postprandial metabolism have been considered to be potential early markers in the pathophysiological course, finally leading to an increased risk of disease development. This book aimed to broaden and add to the research on the importance of postprandial metabolism in nutrition. The book includes literature reviews that cover the broad state of the art of our knowledge about postprandial metabolism, fine original studies of the complex changes in metabolism, and the physiological processes that are considered to drive the onset of pathogenesis. Finally, a series of examples on how nutrient content (especially proteins, sucrose, and lipids) can influence the postprandial metabolism over a wide range of phenomena operating during the postprandial period and how they could contribute to tipping the body towards adverse health processes.


Book
Cellular Oxidative Stress
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This book collects 17 original research papers and 9 reviews that are part of the Special Issue “Cellular Oxidative Stress”, published in the journal Antioxidants. Oxidative stress on a cellular level affects the function of tissues and organs and may eventually lead to disease. Therefore, a precise understanding of how oxidative stress develops and can be counteracted is of utmost importance. The scope of the book is to emphasize the latest findings on the cellular targets of oxidative stress and the potential beneficial effect of antioxidants on human health.

Keywords

Medicine --- neuroinflammation --- clinical --- palmitoylethanolamide --- luteolin --- co-ultramicronization --- CNS pathology --- adaptive immune response --- cell homeostasis --- legumes --- liver --- hepatic steatosis --- lipid dyshomeostasis --- ROS --- traumatic brain injury --- palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) --- therapeutic strategies --- oxidative stress. --- RNA-Seq --- RPE --- Retinitis pigmentosa --- A2E --- diabetes --- glucose exposure --- oxidative stress --- Band 3 protein --- erythrocytes --- SO42− --- 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal --- 3-glutathionyl-4-hydroxynonanal --- astrocytoma cells --- soy --- soybeans --- soy foods --- antioxidants --- reactive oxygen species --- cardiovascular diseases --- cancer --- paw edema --- cashew nuts --- antioxidant --- inflammation --- polyphenols --- analgesic --- d-Galactose --- glycation --- SO42− uptake --- anion exchange --- diseases --- immune system --- NF-κB --- cigarette smoke extract --- nasal fibroblasts --- tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases --- matrix metalloproteinase --- steroids --- Plasmodium falciparum --- syk kinase inhibitors --- artemisinin derivatives --- hemichromes --- cellular redox state --- mitochondrial function --- cisplatin nephrotoxicity --- acute pancreatitis --- obesity --- nitrosative stress --- PGC-1α --- microparticles --- vesiculation --- band 3 --- tert-Bytyl hydroperoxide t-BOOH --- nitric oxide donor --- calcium ionophore A23187 --- age-related macular degeneration (AMD) --- diet --- Substance-P --- adipose-derived stem cells --- paracrine factors --- epilepsy --- status epilepticus --- Trolox --- HeLa --- prooxidant --- AVD --- apoptosis --- neurodegeneration --- ncRNA --- miRNA --- tRNA fragments --- lncRNA --- circRNA --- preeclampsia --- hemostasis --- platelets --- coagulation --- fish --- mucosal immunity --- nasal immunity --- peroxide --- vitamin C --- NAC --- immunosenescence --- T cells --- vaccination --- aging --- microvascular permeability --- bradykinin --- interleukin 1β --- NADPH oxidase --- simvastatin --- molecular hydrogen --- autophagy --- matrix metalloproteinases --- reactive oxygen species (ROS) --- phytochemicals --- dietary chemicals --- natural compounds --- programmed cell death --- anoikis --- ferroptosis --- pyroptosis --- neuroinflammation --- clinical --- palmitoylethanolamide --- luteolin --- co-ultramicronization --- CNS pathology --- adaptive immune response --- cell homeostasis --- legumes --- liver --- hepatic steatosis --- lipid dyshomeostasis --- ROS --- traumatic brain injury --- palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) --- therapeutic strategies --- oxidative stress. --- RNA-Seq --- RPE --- Retinitis pigmentosa --- A2E --- diabetes --- glucose exposure --- oxidative stress --- Band 3 protein --- erythrocytes --- SO42− --- 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal --- 3-glutathionyl-4-hydroxynonanal --- astrocytoma cells --- soy --- soybeans --- soy foods --- antioxidants --- reactive oxygen species --- cardiovascular diseases --- cancer --- paw edema --- cashew nuts --- antioxidant --- inflammation --- polyphenols --- analgesic --- d-Galactose --- glycation --- SO42− uptake --- anion exchange --- diseases --- immune system --- NF-κB --- cigarette smoke extract --- nasal fibroblasts --- tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases --- matrix metalloproteinase --- steroids --- Plasmodium falciparum --- syk kinase inhibitors --- artemisinin derivatives --- hemichromes --- cellular redox state --- mitochondrial function --- cisplatin nephrotoxicity --- acute pancreatitis --- obesity --- nitrosative stress --- PGC-1α --- microparticles --- vesiculation --- band 3 --- tert-Bytyl hydroperoxide t-BOOH --- nitric oxide donor --- calcium ionophore A23187 --- age-related macular degeneration (AMD) --- diet --- Substance-P --- adipose-derived stem cells --- paracrine factors --- epilepsy --- status epilepticus --- Trolox --- HeLa --- prooxidant --- AVD --- apoptosis --- neurodegeneration --- ncRNA --- miRNA --- tRNA fragments --- lncRNA --- circRNA --- preeclampsia --- hemostasis --- platelets --- coagulation --- fish --- mucosal immunity --- nasal immunity --- peroxide --- vitamin C --- NAC --- immunosenescence --- T cells --- vaccination --- aging --- microvascular permeability --- bradykinin --- interleukin 1β --- NADPH oxidase --- simvastatin --- molecular hydrogen --- autophagy --- matrix metalloproteinases --- reactive oxygen species (ROS) --- phytochemicals --- dietary chemicals --- natural compounds --- programmed cell death --- anoikis --- ferroptosis --- pyroptosis


Book
Entropy in Image Analysis
Author:
ISBN: 3039210939 3039210920 Year: 2019 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Image analysis is a fundamental task for extracting information from images acquired across a range of different devices. Since reliable quantitative results are requested, image analysis requires highly sophisticated numerical and analytical methods—particularly for applications in medicine, security, and remote sensing, where the results of the processing may consist of vitally important data. The contributions to this book provide a good overview of the most important demands and solutions concerning this research area. In particular, the reader will find image analysis applied for feature extraction, encryption and decryption of data, color segmentation, and in the support new technologies. In all the contributions, entropy plays a pivotal role.

Keywords

keyframes --- time-delay --- whale optimization algorithm --- multilevel thresholding --- multi-exposure image fusion --- additive manufacturing --- patch structure decomposition --- ultra-sound images --- 3D scanning --- Arimoto entropy --- contrast enhancement --- spatial filling factor --- depth maps --- image processing --- 3D prints --- differential evolution --- field of experts --- normalized divergence measure --- image privacy --- multiscale top-hat transform --- q-exponential --- texture information entropy --- diffusion --- hybrid algorithm --- Weibull statistics --- adaptive selection --- nonextensive entropy --- computer aided diagnostics --- fatty liver --- random forest --- DNA encoding --- low contrast --- entropy --- Minkowski island --- fuzzy entropy --- free-form deformations --- person re-identification --- chaotic system --- DNA computing --- pavement --- information entropy --- discrete entropy --- Tsallis statistics --- video skimming --- prime-indexed primes --- natural scene statistics (NSS) --- Hénon map --- q-sigmoid --- image entropy --- Shannon entropy --- macrotexture --- Shannon’s entropy --- binary image --- multi-feature fusion --- image analysis --- uncertainty assessment --- non-rigid registration --- hash layer --- Cantor set --- dynamic filtering --- deep neural network --- security analysis --- multiple-image encryption --- Hamming distance --- blind image quality assessment (BIQA) --- q-Gaussian --- remote sensing --- decay trend --- chaotic cryptography --- chaotic strategy --- cross-entropy loss --- random insertion --- metabolic syndrome --- sign languages --- generalized entropies --- relevance feedback --- image retrieval --- two-dimensional chaotic economic map --- cryptanalysis --- infrared images --- 3D Latin cube --- SHA-256 hash value --- gradient distributions --- structural entropy --- discrete cosine transform (DCT) --- chaotic map --- hepatic steatosis --- machine vision --- electromagnetic field optimization --- security --- image segmentation --- quantization loss --- colonoscopy --- video summarization --- permutation --- Kapur’s entropy --- surface quality assessment --- permutation-diffusion --- Ramanujan primes --- Rényi entropies --- chosen-plaintext attack --- image encryption --- dynamic index --- color image segmentation --- ultrasound --- Otsu method --- sigmoid --- reconstruction --- image information entropy --- 3-D digital imaging --- positron emission tomography --- medical imaging


Book
Cellular Oxidative Stress
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

This book collects 17 original research papers and 9 reviews that are part of the Special Issue “Cellular Oxidative Stress”, published in the journal Antioxidants. Oxidative stress on a cellular level affects the function of tissues and organs and may eventually lead to disease. Therefore, a precise understanding of how oxidative stress develops and can be counteracted is of utmost importance. The scope of the book is to emphasize the latest findings on the cellular targets of oxidative stress and the potential beneficial effect of antioxidants on human health.

Keywords

Medicine --- neuroinflammation --- clinical --- palmitoylethanolamide --- luteolin --- co-ultramicronization --- CNS pathology --- adaptive immune response --- cell homeostasis --- legumes --- liver --- hepatic steatosis --- lipid dyshomeostasis --- ROS --- traumatic brain injury --- palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) --- therapeutic strategies --- oxidative stress. --- RNA-Seq --- RPE --- Retinitis pigmentosa --- A2E --- diabetes --- glucose exposure --- oxidative stress --- Band 3 protein --- erythrocytes --- SO42− --- 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal --- 3-glutathionyl-4-hydroxynonanal --- astrocytoma cells --- soy --- soybeans --- soy foods --- antioxidants --- reactive oxygen species --- cardiovascular diseases --- cancer --- paw edema --- cashew nuts --- antioxidant --- inflammation --- polyphenols --- analgesic --- d-Galactose --- glycation --- SO42− uptake --- anion exchange --- diseases --- immune system --- NF-κB --- cigarette smoke extract --- nasal fibroblasts --- tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases --- matrix metalloproteinase --- steroids --- Plasmodium falciparum --- syk kinase inhibitors --- artemisinin derivatives --- hemichromes --- cellular redox state --- mitochondrial function --- cisplatin nephrotoxicity --- acute pancreatitis --- obesity --- nitrosative stress --- PGC-1α --- microparticles --- vesiculation --- band 3 --- tert-Bytyl hydroperoxide t-BOOH --- nitric oxide donor --- calcium ionophore A23187 --- age-related macular degeneration (AMD) --- diet --- Substance-P --- adipose-derived stem cells --- paracrine factors --- epilepsy --- status epilepticus --- Trolox --- HeLa --- prooxidant --- AVD --- apoptosis --- neurodegeneration --- ncRNA --- miRNA --- tRNA fragments --- lncRNA --- circRNA --- preeclampsia --- hemostasis --- platelets --- coagulation --- fish --- mucosal immunity --- nasal immunity --- peroxide --- vitamin C --- NAC --- immunosenescence --- T cells --- vaccination --- aging --- microvascular permeability --- bradykinin --- interleukin 1β --- NADPH oxidase --- simvastatin --- molecular hydrogen --- autophagy --- matrix metalloproteinases --- reactive oxygen species (ROS) --- phytochemicals --- dietary chemicals --- natural compounds --- programmed cell death --- anoikis --- ferroptosis --- pyroptosis --- n/a

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