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This Special Issue on molecular genetics, genomics, and biotechnology in crop plant breeding seeks to encourage the use of the tools currently available. It features nine research papers that address quality traits, grain yield, and mutations by exploring cytoplasmic male sterility, the delicate control of flowering in rice, the removal of anti-nutritional factors, the use and development of new technologies for non-model species marker technology, site-directed mutagenesis and GMO regulation, genomics selection and genome-wide association studies, how to cope with abiotic stress, and an exploration of fruit trees adapted to harsh environments for breeding purposes. A further four papers review the genetics of pre-harvest spouting, readiness for climate-smart crop development, genomic selection in the breeding of cereal crops, and the large numbers of mutants in straw lignin biosynthesis and deposition.
Wx --- transgenic cereals --- GWAS --- anther --- cytoplasmic male sterility --- mutants --- oleic acid --- QTL --- plant breeding --- QTL/genes --- lignin --- maintainer --- Japanese plum --- pre-harvest sprouting --- mutations --- RNA-seq --- fertility restoration --- Rf1 gene --- association mapping --- estimated breeding value --- non-open hull 1(noh1) --- protein --- gene mapping --- electrospray ionisation --- climate change --- genome editing --- fatty acid composition --- phloem metabolites --- ISSR --- gold hull and internode --- genotyping by sequencing --- gibberellin --- cultivar --- GmDof4 --- bioinformatics --- CRISPR/Cas9 site directed mutagenesis --- quality groups --- linkage map --- ddRAD sequencing --- breeding scheme --- mutation breeding --- PPR genes --- genetic structure --- genetic resources --- Pentatricopeptide Repeats --- crops --- amylose content --- genetic value --- seed dormancy --- diversity --- mapping populations --- cytoplasmic male sterile --- genomic prediction --- SNP --- TGW6 --- mass spectrometry --- abscisic acid --- wheat --- lodicule --- genome-wide association scan --- genomic selection --- RNA editing --- CRISPR/Cas9 --- nitrogen --- faba bean --- next generation sequencing --- zt-1 --- grass family --- differentially expressed genes --- rice --- brown midrib --- sunflower --- pedigree --- genotyping-by-sequencing --- “omics” data --- quantitative genetics --- orange lemma --- F1 hybrids --- SSR --- drought --- candidate genes --- Brassica napus --- GmDof11 --- new plant breeding techniques --- mutational breeding --- genetic modification --- cell wall --- monolignol pathway
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The development of new plant varieties is a long and tedious process involving the generation of large seedling populations for the selection of the best individuals. While the ability of breeders to generate large populations is almost unlimited, the selection of these seedlings is the main factor limiting the generation of new cultivars. Molecular studies for the development of marker-assisted selection (MAS) strategies are particularly useful when the evaluation of the character is expensive, time-consuming, or with long juvenile periods. The papers published in the Special Issue “Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding” report highly novel results and testable new models for the integrative analysis of genetic (phenotyping and transmission of agronomic characters), physiology (flowering, ripening, organ development), genomic (DNA regions responsible for the different agronomic characters), transcriptomic (gene expression analysis of the characters), proteomic (proteins and enzymes involved in the expression of the characters), metabolomic (secondary metabolites), and epigenetic (DNA methylation and histone modifications) approaches for the development of new MAS strategies. These molecular approaches together with an increasingly accurate phenotyping will facilitate the breeding of new climate-resilient varieties resistant to abiotic and biotic stress, with suitable productivity and quality, to extend the adaptation and viability of the current varieties.
n/a --- GA2ox7 --- cabbage --- OsGPAT3 --- oleic acid --- OsCDPK1 --- nutrient use efficiency --- stem borer --- yellow-green-leaf mutant --- branching --- epigenetics --- NPK fertilizers --- particle bombardment --- stress tolerance --- overexpression --- glycine --- heat-stress --- bulk segregant RNA-seq --- Prunus --- protein-protein interaction --- AdRAP2.3 --- plant architecture --- waterlogging stress --- genes --- Cucumis sativus L. --- Flower color --- resistance --- Tobacco --- gynomonoecy --- drought stress --- Brassica oleracea --- starch biosynthesis --- Overexpression --- WUS --- agronomic traits --- Ghd7 --- the modified MutMap method --- cry2A gene --- light-induced --- gene expression --- breeding --- Heterodera schachtii --- ABA --- Green tissue-specific expression --- subcellular localization --- squamosa promoter binding protein-like --- transcriptome --- FAD2 --- As3+ stress --- metallothionein --- flowering --- bisulfite sequencing --- tomato --- quantitative trait loci --- Promoter --- marker–trait association --- DEGs --- cytoplasmic male sterile --- Rosa rugosa --- MADS transcription factor --- yield --- P. suffruticosa --- CYC2 --- common wild rice --- Actinidia deliciosa --- gene-by-gene interaction --- Aechmea fasciata --- hybrid rice --- soybean --- R2R3-MYB --- bread wheat --- BRANCHED1 (BRC1) --- linoleic acid --- differentially expressed genes --- complex traits --- transgenic chrysanthemum --- D-genome --- Brassica --- candidate gene --- SmJMT --- gene expression pattern --- RNA-Seq --- candidate genes --- leaf shape --- Brassica napus --- recombination-suppressed region --- anthocyanin --- WRKY transcription factor --- Idesia polycarpa var --- single nucleotide polymorphism --- bud abortion --- QTL --- reproductive organ --- transient overexpression --- Elongated Internode (EI) --- sugarcane --- abiotic stress --- Oryza sativa L. --- RrGT2 gene --- Hd1 --- cZR3 --- cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) --- seed development --- tapetum --- near-isogenic line (NIL) --- phytohormones --- TCP transcription factor --- pollen accumulation --- Anthocyanin --- WRKY --- quantitative trait loci (QTLs) --- salt stress --- floral scent --- sucrose --- Ogura-CMS --- root traits --- endosperm development --- Zea mays L. --- sesame --- Bryum argenteum --- AP2/ERF genes --- transcriptional regulation --- WB1 --- haplotype block --- broccoli --- agronomic efficiency --- durum wheat --- gene pyramiding --- Oryza sativa --- genetics --- flowering time --- Cicer arietinum --- Hs1pro-1 --- endosperm appearance --- phenolic acids --- anther wall --- bromeliad --- genomics --- transgenic --- DgWRKY2 --- Clone --- yield trait --- flower symmetry --- partial factor productivity --- rice --- molecular breeding --- genotyping-by-sequencing --- Chimonanthus praecox --- nectary --- Salvia miltiorrhiza --- pollen development --- regulation --- ZmES22 --- genome-wide association study --- VIGS --- iTRAQ --- genome-wide association study (GWAS) --- ethylene-responsive factor --- starch --- molecular markers --- rice quality --- Chrysanthemum morifolium --- marker-trait association
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The papers included in this Special Issue address a variety of important aspects of plant biodiversity and genetic resources, including definitions, descriptions, and illustrations of different components and their value for food and nutrition security, breeding, and environmental services. Furthermore, comprehensive information is provided regarding conservation approaches and techniques for plant genetic resources, policy aspects, and results of biological, genetic, morphological, economic, social, and breeding-related research activities. The complexity and vulnerability of (plant) biodiversity and its inherent genetic resources, as an integral part of the contextual ecosystem and the human web of life, are clearly demonstrated in this Special Issue, and for several encountered problems and constraints, possible approaches or solutions are presented to overcome these.
Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- climate change --- combined drought and heat stress --- drought --- heat --- landraces --- maize --- Rhododendron --- conservation strategies --- genetic differentiation --- gene flow --- populations contraction --- AFLP --- genetic diversity --- invasive --- Poaceae --- population genetics --- range expansion --- genebanks --- forage germplasm --- grasses --- legumes --- seed storage --- conservation --- seed longevity --- seed germination --- monitoring --- regeneration --- pea landraces --- Amorgos --- Schinoussa --- DNA Barcoding --- ISSR genotyping --- HRM analysis --- powdery mildew --- ex situ conservation --- germination --- longevity --- plant genetic resources --- agrobiodiversity --- genebank --- genebank management --- seed physiology --- seed quality management --- Carthamus tinctorius --- genotyping by sequencing --- germplasm characterization --- GWAS --- oilseed crop --- DArT markers --- macadamia --- dendrogram --- principal coordinate analysis --- population structure --- wild species --- malnutrition --- food security --- vegetables --- genetic resources --- home gardens --- community seedbanks --- variety introduction --- vegetable breeding --- high-throughput phenotyping --- statistical modelling --- phenotypic breeding --- genomic selection --- Solanum chacoense --- stress tolerance --- Brassica oleracea --- diversity --- SNP --- atolls --- leafy vegetables --- non-communicable diseases (NCD) --- nutrition security --- mineral nutrients --- natural biofortification --- crop wild relatives --- biological features --- use --- local --- national and global efforts --- policy --- gene donors --- pre-breeding --- breeding --- cross-sectoral collaboration --- crop wild relatives (CWR) --- drylands --- Kitui county --- wild food plants --- Cyprus --- domestication --- microsatellites --- Vitis vinifera subsp. sativa --- Vitis vinifera subsp. Sylvestris --- Fraxinus spp. --- manna --- local varieties nSSR --- cpSSR --- cytometry --- morphological traits --- documentation --- agricultural biodiversity --- wheat --- genome-wide association studies --- association mapping --- stripe rust --- anti-inflammatory activity --- antioxidants --- catechin --- Erodium crassifolium --- underutilized species --- agro-biodiversity --- centres of origin --- geographic distribution --- phylogenetic diversity --- useful plants --- Vavilov centres --- plant breeding --- climate change adaptation --- developing countries --- Punica protopunica Balf. --- Punica granatum L. --- Punica genera --- Lythraceae --- nitrogen fixation --- symbiosis --- bean --- landrace --- PPB --- participatory breeding --- climate resilient --- Honduras --- banana --- desiccation tolerance --- Musa --- Papua New Guinea --- seed conservation --- seed storage behaviour --- crop diversity --- drought tolerance --- genetic approaches --- neglected and underutilized species --- plant genetic resources for food and agriculture --- access and benefit sharing --- multilateral system --- CGIAR --- nutrition data --- multi-sectoral collaboration --- payment for ecosystem services --- payment for environmental services --- agrobiodiversity conservation --- agricultural adaptation --- clonal crops --- collection management --- cryobiotechnology --- cryopreservation --- field collections --- field maintenance --- germplasm storage --- in vitro conservation --- recalcitrant seeds --- genetic erosion --- ex situ and in situ conservation --- diversification --- sustainability --- food and nutrition security --- crop genetic resources --- diagnostics --- germplasm --- crop breeding --- pathogen --- pest --- Plant Treaty --- phytosanitary regulations --- transboundary pests --- invasive species --- prevention --- quarantine --- seed --- seed health --- virus indexing
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The papers included in this Special Issue address a variety of important aspects of plant biodiversity and genetic resources, including definitions, descriptions, and illustrations of different components and their value for food and nutrition security, breeding, and environmental services. Furthermore, comprehensive information is provided regarding conservation approaches and techniques for plant genetic resources, policy aspects, and results of biological, genetic, morphological, economic, social, and breeding-related research activities. The complexity and vulnerability of (plant) biodiversity and its inherent genetic resources, as an integral part of the contextual ecosystem and the human web of life, are clearly demonstrated in this Special Issue, and for several encountered problems and constraints, possible approaches or solutions are presented to overcome these.
climate change --- combined drought and heat stress --- drought --- heat --- landraces --- maize --- Rhododendron --- conservation strategies --- genetic differentiation --- gene flow --- populations contraction --- AFLP --- genetic diversity --- invasive --- Poaceae --- population genetics --- range expansion --- genebanks --- forage germplasm --- grasses --- legumes --- seed storage --- conservation --- seed longevity --- seed germination --- monitoring --- regeneration --- pea landraces --- Amorgos --- Schinoussa --- DNA Barcoding --- ISSR genotyping --- HRM analysis --- powdery mildew --- ex situ conservation --- germination --- longevity --- plant genetic resources --- agrobiodiversity --- genebank --- genebank management --- seed physiology --- seed quality management --- Carthamus tinctorius --- genotyping by sequencing --- germplasm characterization --- GWAS --- oilseed crop --- DArT markers --- macadamia --- dendrogram --- principal coordinate analysis --- population structure --- wild species --- malnutrition --- food security --- vegetables --- genetic resources --- home gardens --- community seedbanks --- variety introduction --- vegetable breeding --- high-throughput phenotyping --- statistical modelling --- phenotypic breeding --- genomic selection --- Solanum chacoense --- stress tolerance --- Brassica oleracea --- diversity --- SNP --- atolls --- leafy vegetables --- non-communicable diseases (NCD) --- nutrition security --- mineral nutrients --- natural biofortification --- crop wild relatives --- biological features --- use --- local --- national and global efforts --- policy --- gene donors --- pre-breeding --- breeding --- cross-sectoral collaboration --- crop wild relatives (CWR) --- drylands --- Kitui county --- wild food plants --- Cyprus --- domestication --- microsatellites --- Vitis vinifera subsp. sativa --- Vitis vinifera subsp. Sylvestris --- Fraxinus spp. --- manna --- local varieties nSSR --- cpSSR --- cytometry --- morphological traits --- documentation --- agricultural biodiversity --- wheat --- genome-wide association studies --- association mapping --- stripe rust --- anti-inflammatory activity --- antioxidants --- catechin --- Erodium crassifolium --- underutilized species --- agro-biodiversity --- centres of origin --- geographic distribution --- phylogenetic diversity --- useful plants --- Vavilov centres --- plant breeding --- climate change adaptation --- developing countries --- Punica protopunica Balf. --- Punica granatum L. --- Punica genera --- Lythraceae --- nitrogen fixation --- symbiosis --- bean --- landrace --- PPB --- participatory breeding --- climate resilient --- Honduras --- banana --- desiccation tolerance --- Musa --- Papua New Guinea --- seed conservation --- seed storage behaviour --- crop diversity --- drought tolerance --- genetic approaches --- neglected and underutilized species --- plant genetic resources for food and agriculture --- access and benefit sharing --- multilateral system --- CGIAR --- nutrition data --- multi-sectoral collaboration --- payment for ecosystem services --- payment for environmental services --- agrobiodiversity conservation --- agricultural adaptation --- clonal crops --- collection management --- cryobiotechnology --- cryopreservation --- field collections --- field maintenance --- germplasm storage --- in vitro conservation --- recalcitrant seeds --- genetic erosion --- ex situ and in situ conservation --- diversification --- sustainability --- food and nutrition security --- crop genetic resources --- diagnostics --- germplasm --- crop breeding --- pathogen --- pest --- Plant Treaty --- phytosanitary regulations --- transboundary pests --- invasive species --- prevention --- quarantine --- seed --- seed health --- virus indexing
Choose an application
The papers included in this Special Issue address a variety of important aspects of plant biodiversity and genetic resources, including definitions, descriptions, and illustrations of different components and their value for food and nutrition security, breeding, and environmental services. Furthermore, comprehensive information is provided regarding conservation approaches and techniques for plant genetic resources, policy aspects, and results of biological, genetic, morphological, economic, social, and breeding-related research activities. The complexity and vulnerability of (plant) biodiversity and its inherent genetic resources, as an integral part of the contextual ecosystem and the human web of life, are clearly demonstrated in this Special Issue, and for several encountered problems and constraints, possible approaches or solutions are presented to overcome these.
Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- climate change --- combined drought and heat stress --- drought --- heat --- landraces --- maize --- Rhododendron --- conservation strategies --- genetic differentiation --- gene flow --- populations contraction --- AFLP --- genetic diversity --- invasive --- Poaceae --- population genetics --- range expansion --- genebanks --- forage germplasm --- grasses --- legumes --- seed storage --- conservation --- seed longevity --- seed germination --- monitoring --- regeneration --- pea landraces --- Amorgos --- Schinoussa --- DNA Barcoding --- ISSR genotyping --- HRM analysis --- powdery mildew --- ex situ conservation --- germination --- longevity --- plant genetic resources --- agrobiodiversity --- genebank --- genebank management --- seed physiology --- seed quality management --- Carthamus tinctorius --- genotyping by sequencing --- germplasm characterization --- GWAS --- oilseed crop --- DArT markers --- macadamia --- dendrogram --- principal coordinate analysis --- population structure --- wild species --- malnutrition --- food security --- vegetables --- genetic resources --- home gardens --- community seedbanks --- variety introduction --- vegetable breeding --- high-throughput phenotyping --- statistical modelling --- phenotypic breeding --- genomic selection --- Solanum chacoense --- stress tolerance --- Brassica oleracea --- diversity --- SNP --- atolls --- leafy vegetables --- non-communicable diseases (NCD) --- nutrition security --- mineral nutrients --- natural biofortification --- crop wild relatives --- biological features --- use --- local --- national and global efforts --- policy --- gene donors --- pre-breeding --- breeding --- cross-sectoral collaboration --- crop wild relatives (CWR) --- drylands --- Kitui county --- wild food plants --- Cyprus --- domestication --- microsatellites --- Vitis vinifera subsp. sativa --- Vitis vinifera subsp. Sylvestris --- Fraxinus spp. --- manna --- local varieties nSSR --- cpSSR --- cytometry --- morphological traits --- documentation --- agricultural biodiversity --- wheat --- genome-wide association studies --- association mapping --- stripe rust --- anti-inflammatory activity --- antioxidants --- catechin --- Erodium crassifolium --- underutilized species --- agro-biodiversity --- centres of origin --- geographic distribution --- phylogenetic diversity --- useful plants --- Vavilov centres --- plant breeding --- climate change adaptation --- developing countries --- Punica protopunica Balf. --- Punica granatum L. --- Punica genera --- Lythraceae --- nitrogen fixation --- symbiosis --- bean --- landrace --- PPB --- participatory breeding --- climate resilient --- Honduras --- banana --- desiccation tolerance --- Musa --- Papua New Guinea --- seed conservation --- seed storage behaviour --- crop diversity --- drought tolerance --- genetic approaches --- neglected and underutilized species --- plant genetic resources for food and agriculture --- access and benefit sharing --- multilateral system --- CGIAR --- nutrition data --- multi-sectoral collaboration --- payment for ecosystem services --- payment for environmental services --- agrobiodiversity conservation --- agricultural adaptation --- clonal crops --- collection management --- cryobiotechnology --- cryopreservation --- field collections --- field maintenance --- germplasm storage --- in vitro conservation --- recalcitrant seeds --- genetic erosion --- ex situ and in situ conservation --- diversification --- sustainability --- food and nutrition security --- crop genetic resources --- diagnostics --- germplasm --- crop breeding --- pathogen --- pest --- Plant Treaty --- phytosanitary regulations --- transboundary pests --- invasive species --- prevention --- quarantine --- seed --- seed health --- virus indexing --- climate change --- combined drought and heat stress --- drought --- heat --- landraces --- maize --- Rhododendron --- conservation strategies --- genetic differentiation --- gene flow --- populations contraction --- AFLP --- genetic diversity --- invasive --- Poaceae --- population genetics --- range expansion --- genebanks --- forage germplasm --- grasses --- legumes --- seed storage --- conservation --- seed longevity --- seed germination --- monitoring --- regeneration --- pea landraces --- Amorgos --- Schinoussa --- DNA Barcoding --- ISSR genotyping --- HRM analysis --- powdery mildew --- ex situ conservation --- germination --- longevity --- plant genetic resources --- agrobiodiversity --- genebank --- genebank management --- seed physiology --- seed quality management --- Carthamus tinctorius --- genotyping by sequencing --- germplasm characterization --- GWAS --- oilseed crop --- DArT markers --- macadamia --- dendrogram --- principal coordinate analysis --- population structure --- wild species --- malnutrition --- food security --- vegetables --- genetic resources --- home gardens --- community seedbanks --- variety introduction --- vegetable breeding --- high-throughput phenotyping --- statistical modelling --- phenotypic breeding --- genomic selection --- Solanum chacoense --- stress tolerance --- Brassica oleracea --- diversity --- SNP --- atolls --- leafy vegetables --- non-communicable diseases (NCD) --- nutrition security --- mineral nutrients --- natural biofortification --- crop wild relatives --- biological features --- use --- local --- national and global efforts --- policy --- gene donors --- pre-breeding --- breeding --- cross-sectoral collaboration --- crop wild relatives (CWR) --- drylands --- Kitui county --- wild food plants --- Cyprus --- domestication --- microsatellites --- Vitis vinifera subsp. sativa --- Vitis vinifera subsp. Sylvestris --- Fraxinus spp. --- manna --- local varieties nSSR --- cpSSR --- cytometry --- morphological traits --- documentation --- agricultural biodiversity --- wheat --- genome-wide association studies --- association mapping --- stripe rust --- anti-inflammatory activity --- antioxidants --- catechin --- Erodium crassifolium --- underutilized species --- agro-biodiversity --- centres of origin --- geographic distribution --- phylogenetic diversity --- useful plants --- Vavilov centres --- plant breeding --- climate change adaptation --- developing countries --- Punica protopunica Balf. --- Punica granatum L. --- Punica genera --- Lythraceae --- nitrogen fixation --- symbiosis --- bean --- landrace --- PPB --- participatory breeding --- climate resilient --- Honduras --- banana --- desiccation tolerance --- Musa --- Papua New Guinea --- seed conservation --- seed storage behaviour --- crop diversity --- drought tolerance --- genetic approaches --- neglected and underutilized species --- plant genetic resources for food and agriculture --- access and benefit sharing --- multilateral system --- CGIAR --- nutrition data --- multi-sectoral collaboration --- payment for ecosystem services --- payment for environmental services --- agrobiodiversity conservation --- agricultural adaptation --- clonal crops --- collection management --- cryobiotechnology --- cryopreservation --- field collections --- field maintenance --- germplasm storage --- in vitro conservation --- recalcitrant seeds --- genetic erosion --- ex situ and in situ conservation --- diversification --- sustainability --- food and nutrition security --- crop genetic resources --- diagnostics --- germplasm --- crop breeding --- pathogen --- pest --- Plant Treaty --- phytosanitary regulations --- transboundary pests --- invasive species --- prevention --- quarantine --- seed --- seed health --- virus indexing
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